Cardioprotective effects of GPER agonist in ovariectomized diabetic rats: reversing ER stress and structural changes.

The incidence of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) significantly increases in postmenopausal women, suggesting protective roles of estrogen. Excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress alters myocardial structure, which plays a crucial role in DCM. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has been demonstrated to have cardioprotective effects, but it remains unclear whether these effects involve the amelioration of structural changes induced by ER stress.

Sex-related differences in hypertrophy response and cardiac expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in rats with pressure overload.

There is increasing evidence that gender impacts the onset and progression of cardiovascular pathology. However, it is vastly unclear how this variable determines the ultimate outcomes, particularly in the setting of pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). This study was carried out to fill this gap, at least in part, by assessing myocardial expression of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in female and male rats afflicted with LVH.

Possible Impact of Human β-defensin 1 on sperm motility in infertile men with abnormal sperm parameters.

Human β-defensins and interleukins may be auxiliary in sperm maturation. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the expression of Human β-defensins 1 and 2, interleukins (ILs)- 10 and -18 genes in sperm, as well as seminal plasma levels of these two cytokines in subfertile men with different types of sperm abnormalities compared to those with normozoospermic men. Participants were separated into two experimental groups: the control group (n = 25) and the group with sperm abnormalities (SA) (n = 45).

GPER activation attenuates cardiac dysfunction by upregulating the SIRT1/3-AMPK-UCP2 pathway in postmenopausal diabetic rats.

Postmenopausal diabetic women are at higher risk to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVD) compared with nondiabetic women. Alterations in cardiac cellular metabolism caused by changes in sirtuins are one of the main causes of CVD in postmenopausal diabetic women. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial actions of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in postmenopausal diabetic CVD.

The G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist Prevents Cardiac Lipid Accumulation by Stimulating Cardiac Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α: A Preclinical Study in Ovariectomized-Diabetic Rat Model.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cardiometabolic changes, and menopause exacerbates these conditions, leading to a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), which mediates the rapid effects of estrogen, has beneficial cardiac effects in both T2DM and menopause, but its mechanism of action is not well understood.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether G1 as a selective GPER-agonist has beneficial effects on cardiac lipid metabolism in ovariectomized rats with T2DM.

Selective estrogen receptor α and β antagonist aggravate cardiovascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetic ovariectomized female rats.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders (CVD), characterized by pathological diastolic as well as systolic dysfunction, ventricular dilation, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. CVD is the main cause of death in postmenopausal women. Estradiol (E2) has protective effects on cardiovascular function.

Protective effects of combining SERMs with estrogen on metabolic parameters in postmenopausal diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction: The role of cytokines and angiotensin II.

Introduction: The beneficial effects of the administration of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and estrogen (E2), alone or in combination with each other, have been reported in postmenopausal diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction. In the present study, we determined the mechanism of action of SERMs and E2 on inflammatory balance, angiotensin II (Ang II) serum levels, and glycemic profile in a postmenopausal diabetic rat model.

Methods: Ovariectomized rats with type 2 diabetes received daily SERMs (tamoxifen and raloxifene) and E2 for one month.

The effects of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) on cardiac glucose metabolism in diabetic ovariectomized female rats.

Background: Diabetic cardiometabolic disorders are characterized by significant changes in cardiac metabolism and are increased in postmenopausal women, which emphasize the role of 17-estradiol (E2). Despite this, there are few safe and effective pharmacological treatments for these disorders. The role of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPR30), which mediates the non-genomic effects of E2, is mostly unexplored.

The brain neuropeptides and STAT3 mediate the inhibitory effect of 17-β Estradiol on central leptin resistance in young but not aged female high-fat diet mice.

Aging and menopause effect on body composition and energy balance. Estrogen (E2) plays an important role in body's metabolism. The aim of the present study was to determine changes in leptin function in young intact and ovariectomized (OVX) animals in comparison to the aged animals treated with E2.

Progesterone eliminates 17β-estradiol-Mediated cardioprotection against diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction in ovariectomized rats.

Background: Type2 Diabetes (T2D) remains one of the most important causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Menopause leads to an increase in CVD and metabolic syndrome, which indicates the role of sex steroids as a protective factor. In the present study, we surveyed the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) alone and in combination with progesterone (P4) on cardiovascular dysfunction in T2D.

The effects of alone and combination tamoxifen, raloxifene and estrogen on lipid profile and atherogenic index of ovariectomized type 2 diabetic rats.

Introduction: The cardiovascular dysfunctions in postmenopausal diabetic women increase relative to premenopausal women. In this study we evaluated protective effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), alone and in combination with estrogen (E2) in diabetic rats with menopausal model.

Methods: Female rats groups are included: Sham-Control (CTL), Diabetes (DM), and ovariectomized rats divided to DM, DM + Vehicle (Veh), DM + Tamoxifen (TAM), DM + Raloxifene (RLX), DM + Veh + Oil, DM + Oil, DM + E2, DM + E2 + Veh, DM + TAM + E2, DM + RLX + E2.

Role of the potassium channels in vasorelaxant effect of asafoetida essential oil.

Objective: In a previous work, we showed that asafoetida essential oil (AEO), from oleo-gum resin of L. from the Apiaceae family, has a vasodilatory effect. This effect was both endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent.

17β-Estradiol improves insulin signalling and insulin resistance in the aged female hearts: Role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Aging effects in energy balance in all tissues and organs, including the cardiovascular. The risk of cardiovascular disease is drastically higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. Estrogen plays an important role in the cardiac function and body's metabolism.

Aging is associated with loss of beneficial effects of estrogen on leptin responsiveness in mice fed high fat diet: Role of estrogen receptor α and cytokines.

Aging causes changes in body composition and energy balance. Estrogen plays an important role in body's metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine whether estrogen has beneficial effects on leptin responsiveness in aged mice.

Therapeutic effects of tamoxifen on metabolic parameters and cytokines modulation in rat model of postmenopausal diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction: Role of classic estrogen receptors.

In postmenopausal women, the risk of diabetic cardiovascular disease drastically increases compared with that of premenopausal women. In the present study we surveyed the effects of Tamoxifen (TAM) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) on diabetic cardiovascular dysfunction. Female wistar rats were divided into six groups: sham-control, Diabetes, Ovariectomized (OVX) + Diabetes, OVX + Diabetes + Vehicle, OVX + Diabetes + E2, OVX + Diabetes + TAM.

Cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) on postmenopausal type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the most common chronic disease in postmenopausal women, but the mechanism(s) is unclear. G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) is one of the receptors that binds to 17-β Estradiol (E2). To date, there is little information on GPR30 and its expression in postmenopausal type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the heart.