Feasibility of Coplanar VMAT for Brain Metastases Using Halcyon With Knowledge-based Planning from Non-coplanar Plan.

Background/aim: This study aimed to clarify the feasibility of creating coplanar single-isocenter volumetric modulated arc therapy (SI-VMAT) with a Halcyon using a knowledge-based planning system based on non-coplanar plans for treating multiple brain metastases.

Patients And Methods: A knowledge-based RapidPlan (RP) planning model was built using 32 TrueBeam SI-VMAT plans including one full arc and three non-coplanar partial arcs. To confirm its applicability across different beam geometries using the Halcyon system, the model was validated on the basis of the root-mean-square error (RSME), deviation rate, and absolute differences between estimated and actual dose-volume histograms (DVHs).

[Measurement of Airborne Radioactivity in the Inpatient Room after Administering [Cu]Cu-ATSM to Patients].

Objective: [Cu]Cu-ATSM is a radiotherapeutics under clinical trials. It is necessary to take appropriate measures to limit its exposure and ensures its airborne concentrations do not exceed legally permitted levels. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the airborne radioactivity concentration in the inpatient room after administering [Cu]Cu-ATSM to patients.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy can reduce acute toxicities in long-course neoadjuvant radiation therapy combined with S-1 for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes and adverse events between three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients undergoing long-course neoadjuvant radiation therapy (NA-RT) for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (LARC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 47 consecutive patients who received NA-RT for LARC between January 2011 and September 2022. Seven and 40 patients were diagnosed with clinical stages II and III, respectively.

Radiation Exposure with Self-Expandable Metallic Stent versus Transanal Decompression Tube for Malignant Colorectal Obstruction: A Post Hoc Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

Although several reports have compared the outcomes of self-expandable metallic stent (SEMSs) and transanal decompression tube (TDT) placement for malignant colorectal obstruction (MCO), few studies have compared the radiation exposure (RE) associated with these two procedures. Consequently, we aimed to compare the RE of SEMS and TDT placements for MCO using propensity score matching (PSM) in a multi-center, prospective observational study. This study investigated the clinical data of 236 patients who underwent SEMS or TDT placement.

Adrenal ganglioneuroma with nodal metastases on I-MIBG SPECT/CT and F-FDG PET/CT.

Ganglioneuroma is a well-differentiated tumor originating from neural crest cells of the sympathetic nervous system. Although benign, a few cases have been reported that ganglioneuroma can metastasize to other sites. We report a case of adrenal ganglioneuroma with para-aortic nodal metastases with low FDG and MIBG uptake.

Radiation-Induced Lymphopenia and Its Impact on Survival in Patients with Brain Metastasis.

Background: Differences in radiation-induced lymphopenia and prognosis between methods of radiotherapy (RT) for brain metastases remain unclear.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis of patients who underwent whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) for brain metastases, baseline total lymphocyte count (TLC) data were obtained within 2 weeks before RT initiation. Follow-up TLC data were evaluated at 0-2, 2-4, and 4-8 weeks after RT completion.

Pulmonary metastases from pancreatic cancer have different clinico-radiological features compared with those from colorectal cancer.

Background: Although pulmonary metastasectomy is a commonly-performed procedure, data are lacking on the feasibility and oncological efficacy of removal of pulmonary metastases from pancreatic cancer. In this study, we retrospectively compared features of pulmonary metastases from pancreatic cancer versus colorectal cancer (CRC, patients with CRC being common candidates for pulmonary metastasectomy) and outcomes of removing such metastases, with our aim being to identify specific features of the former.

Methods: Data on removal of 182 pulmonary metastases (29 from pancreatic and 153 from CRC) performed from January 2013 to April 2024 were included in this analysis.

Annotated draft genome sequences of KT1a and KT1b strains isolated from dry-aged beef surface.

KT1a and KT1b were isolated and identified in our earlier study as the two dominant fungal species on dry-aged beef. In this study, we report their genome sequences and annotations.

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed the course of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-associated aortitis: A case report.

A 72-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma underwent fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT, revealing lymphoma lesions and no evidence of aortitis. The patient received chemotherapy and was treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for neutropenia. During chemotherapy, the patient underwent PET/CT again, revealing FDG accumulation and wall thickening at the aortic arch, which suggested aortitis.

Gleason Pattern 5 May Be a Prognostic Factor in Radium-223 Treatment.

Background/aim: Radium-223 treatment reduces the risk of death in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study analyzed the prognostic factors in patients treated with radium-223 dichloride.

Patients And Methods: Patients who received radium-223 dichloride were retrospectively analyzed.

Development of the trainer skill evaluation scale for metacognitive training.

Aim: The purpose of this study is manifold: to develop a trainer skill rating scale for metacognitive training (MCT), to determine the difficulty level of the behavioral checklist, and to examine the reliability and validity of the MCT Trainer Skills Rating Scale.

Method: In Study 1, an MCT trainer skill behavior checklist was developed with expert staff members, and a questionnaire was administered to MCT trainers. Item categorization was identical to that used in previous studies.

Comprehensive expression analysis of hormone-like substances in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus.

Marine mammals possess a specific subcutaneous fat layer called blubber that not only insulates and stores energy but also secretes bioactive substances. However, our understanding of its role as a secretory organ in cetaceans is incomplete. To exhaustively explore the hormone-like substances produced in dolphin subcutaneous adipose tissue, we performed seasonal blubber biopsies from captive female common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus; N = 8, n = 32) and analyzed gene expression via transcriptomics.

Association of seasonal changes in circulating cortisol concentrations with the expression of cortisol biosynthetic enzymes and a glucocorticoid receptor in the blubber of common bottlenose dolphin.

Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex in response to stress, and its circulating levels are used as robust physiological indicators of stress intensity in various animals. Cortisol is also produced locally in adipose tissue by the conversion of steroid hormones such as cortisone, which is related to fat accumulation. Circulating cortisol levels, probably induced by cold stress, increase in cetaceans under cold conditions.

Manual on the proper use of the At-labeled PSMA ligand ([At]PSMA-5) for clinical trials of targeted alpha therapy (1st edition).

Recently, an astatine-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand ([At]PSMA-5) has been developed for the targeted alpha therapy of patients with prostate cancer. This manual delineates its physicochemical characteristics to assist healthcare professionals in understanding the α-ray-emitting drug of [At]PSMA-5 when administered to patients. The safety considerations regarding the handling and use of this drug in clinical trials are outlined, based on the proper usage manual of previous studies.

Blubber biopsy in common bottlenose dolphins using a novel biopsy puncher: Evaluation of the impact on living individuals and possibility of applications in cetacean research.

Biopsy has recently become a preferred protocol for sampling the skin and blubber of many cetacean species, although it is desirable to collect as minimally invasive as possible. Here, the effect of biopsy sampling on the captive common bottlenose dolphins was evaluated by analyzing the process of wound healing and changes in hematological and blood biochemical parameters after biopsy using a puncher developed to collect up to the inner layer of the dolphin blubber. Results showed that the wounds caused by biopsy were closed in as early as 1 day and completely covered with the epidermis within 5-11 days.

Differentiating Brown Tumor From Bone Metastasis in Parathyroid Cancer Using 18 F-FDG PET and 99m Tc-MIBI SPECT.

A 69-year-old woman presented with a right clavicle pain. CT revealed a pathological fracture of the right clavicle, multiple osteolytic lesions, and a left cervical mass. 18 F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a marked FDG uptake in the cervical mass and osteolytic lesions indicative of metastatic parathyroid cancer.

[A Case Report of Pancreatic Tail Carcinoma with Positive Periotoneal Washing Cytology with Recurrence-Free Survival after Surgery and Chemotherapy].

A woman in her 70s underwent distal pancreatectomy(D2 dissection)for a pancreatic tail carcinoma after a close examination of the cause of her poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Intraoperative rapid peritoneal washing cytology showed no malignant findings, but histopathological examination revealed Ptb, TS2, tub2, pT3, ly1, v3, ne3, mpd0, pS0, pRP1, pOO0, pPCM0, pDPM0, pN0, pM0, pCY1, pStage ⅡA, R0(Pancreatic Cancer Treatment Protocol 7th Edition). The patient was treated with S-1 therapy for 6 months postoperatively and is alive 1 year and 9 months without recurrence.

[Laparoscopic Resection of a Liver and Ovarian Metastasis of Transverse Colon Cancer-A Case Report].

A 60s woman was diagnosed to transverse colon cancer and she underwent laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Localized peritoneal dissemination surrounding tumor was detected during surgery. She was administrated to chemotherapy due to a hepatic metastasis in S2/3 postoperatively.

Sialidase NEU3 Contributes to the Invasiveness of Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer is the 10th most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. The current standard treatment for advanced bladder cancer is neoadjuvant cisplatin (NAC)-based chemotherapy followed by cystectomy. However, the response rate to chemotherapy is only 50%, owing to cisplatin resistance, and there is a need for novel therapies.

Medical radiation exposure during gastrointestinal enteral metallic stent placement: Post hoc analysis of the REX-GI study.

Background And Aim: Recently, the use of various endoscopic procedures performed under X-ray fluoroscopy guidance has increased. With the popularization of such procedures, diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been widely accepted as the global standard for various procedures with ionizing radiation. The Radiation Exposure from Gastrointestinal Fluoroscopic Procedures (REX-GI) study aimed to prospectively collect actual radiation exposure (RE) data and establish DRLs in gastrointestinal endoscopy units.