Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an important complication in patients treated with antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates and the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand inhibitor (denosumab). Treatment of MRONJ is extremely difficult, which makes it a distressing long-term complication.
Objectives: We report a case of intractable facial pain due to MRONJ that was successfully controlled with selective percutaneous controlled radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion.
Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC)1 integrates intracellular sufficiency of nutrients and regulates various cellular functions. Previous studies using mice with conditional knockout of mTORC1 component proteins (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuloxetine is an effective therapeutic agent for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). However, predictors of duloxetine response have not been adequately explored. Therefore, this retrospective study was performed to identify predictive factors of duloxetine response in CIPN patients to guide future strategies to improve the quality of life of patients undergoing chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: When surgeons perform total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis due to malunion following fractures around the knee joint, corrective osteotomy is recommended for severe deformities. Most such deformities are coronal plane varus or valgus deformities, and reports of sagittal plane flexion or extension deformities are rare. We describe a case in which a one-stage total knee arthroplasty was performed with extension corrective osteotomy in the sagittal plane.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis systematic review outlines the role of sonography in an imperforate anus. The diagnostic performance for type of imperforate anus is superior on the day after birth than that on the day of birth by using the pouch-perineum distance. Three approaches can be used (suprapubic, infracoccygeal, and perineal).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonography for detection of an internal fistula on the birth day in neonates with an imperforate anus and to compare the diagnostic performance between the suprapubic and perineal approaches.
Methods: We included 46 neonates with an imperforate anus (29 low type and 17 intermediate/high type) who underwent sonography by both the suprapubic and perineal approaches on the birth day. Thirty-nine neonates had internal fistulas, and 12 did not, as surgically proven.
Background: Anti-Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies are detected in various demyelinating diseases, such as pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), recurrent optic neuritis, and aquaporin-4 antibody-seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. We present a patient who developed anti-MOG antibody-positive ADEM following infectious mononucleosis (IM) due to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection.
Case Presentation: A 36-year-old healthy man developed paresthesia of bilateral lower extremities and urinary retention 8 days after the onset of IM due to primary EBV infection.
Objectives: Inappropriate activation of neutrophils plays a pathological role in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). The aim of this study was to investigate the functions of semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D) in regulation of neutrophil activation, and its involvement in AAV pathogenesis.
Methods: Serum levels of soluble SEMA4D were evaluated by ELISA.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy for the low-type imperforate anus between prone cross-table radiography and sonography.
Methods: We included 20 neonates with imperforate anus: 13 with a surgically proven low type and 7 with an intermediate or high type. The distance between the distal rectal pouch and the perineum (pouch-perineum distance) was measured by both sonography and prone cross-table radiography.
Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the usefulness of continuous bowel decompression using an indwelling transanal tube (ITT) for preoperative management in infants with long-segment (L)- or total (T)-type Hirschsprung's disease (HD).
Case Presentation: Between 2012 and 2015, seven patients with L- or T-type HD underwent preoperative bowel management by continuous bowel decompression using an ITT during waiting period for curative surgery. Continuous bowel decompression was done using an ITT, a 10-12F flexible dual lumen tube placed through the rectum up to the dilated colon under fluoroscopic guidance and secured to the bilateral buttocks.
Cancer survivors face many challenges, and cancer support groups provide a range of support. Several reports have shown the benefits of support groups. However, it is not clear how Japanese cancer survivors use them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethylphenidate (MPH; trade name Ritalin) is a widely used drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is often used as a cognitive enhancer. Because MPH increases dopamine (DA) release by blocking the DA transporter in the human striatum, MPH is supposed to work on attention and cognition through a DA increase in the striatum. However, ADHD patients show impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) function and MPH administration is associated with increased neural activity in the PFC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate changes in the distance between the distal rectal pouch and the perineum (pouch-perineum distance) from the birth day to the next day and to determine which day is better for diagnosis of a low-type imperforate anus in neonates.
Methods: We reviewed medical records at our hospital from May 2003 to August 2015 and identified 9 neonates with a radiographically and surgically proven low-type imperforate anus and 9 with high/intermediate types of imperforate anus who had undergone sonography on both the birth day and the next day before the first surgical treatment. The sonograms were reviewed to measure the pouch-perineum distance at both examinations.
Background And Objectives: Although some studies have examined the use of corticosteroids, their effectiveness in treating cancer-related fatigue (CRF) has yet to be established. Therefore, this retrospective study attempted to identify factors that would predict the usefulness of corticosteroids in treating CRF.
Methods: We examined 87 hospitalized end-of-life cancer patients who were given betamethasone for relief of CRF at our hospital between January 2008 and January 2014.
Objectives: To evaluate how well the tonsils can be viewed, in addition to echogenicity, using ultrasound, and to compare these results between children younger and older than the age of 3.
Methods: We evaluated the tonsils of 99 patients (72.0 ± 59.
Zoological Lett
November 2016
Background: Diverse animals are intimately associated with microbial symbionts. How such host-symbiont associations have evolved is a fundamental biological issue. Recent studies have revealed a variety of evolutionary relationships, such as obligatory, facultative, and free-living, of gut bacterial symbiosis within the stinkbug family Pentatomidae, although the whole evolutionary picture remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo identify risk factors for varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), we conducted a retrospective chart review of 163 consecutive patients who underwent HCT between November 2004 and July 2014. Overall, the male/female (M/F) ratio was 80/83, median age at HCT was 54 (range 15-69) years, and autologous/allogeneic HCT (auto/allo-HCT) ratio was 71/92. Forty-four patients [M/F, 25/19; median age, 57 (range: 16-68) years; auto/allo-HCT, 26/18] developed VZV infection after HCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ultrasound Med
December 2016
Foreign body ingestion is frequently encountered in children. The locations of the foreign bodies and the period during which they have been present in the thorax and abdomen are important for determining the method and timing of treatment. Although plain radiography and computed tomography are primarily used for assessment of foreign bodies, sonography without radiation is also useful for diagnosis of foreign bodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo compare the timing of subperiosteal new bone formation (SPNBF) and callus formation in femoral shaft fractures that occurred at birth between neonates with and without an underlying disease, we retrospectively evaluated the radiographs of 12 neonates with femoral fractures on birth day. Seven had no underlying disease, 3 had osteogenesis imperfecta, 1 had myotonic dystrophy, and 1 had arthrogryposis. We evaluated the timing of initial SPNBF/soft callus/hard callus formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 64-year-old woman developed acute paralysis of glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal nerves on the left side after pain in the head and the left ear and throat. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and elevated protein concentration. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-DNA was detected by PCR from cerebrospinal fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacrophages play crucial roles in host defence and tissue homoeostasis, processes in which both environmental stimuli and intracellularly generated metabolites influence activation of macrophages. Activated macrophages are classified into M1 and M2 macrophages. It remains unclear how intracellular nutrition sufficiency, especially for amino acid, influences on macrophage activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Global warming impacts diverse organisms not only directly but also indirectly via other organisms with which they interact. Recently, the possibility that elevated temperatures resulting from global warming may substantially affect biodiversity through disrupting mutualistic/parasitic associations has been highlighted. Here we report an experimental demonstration that global warming can affect a pest insect via suppression of its obligate bacterial symbiont.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTau is hyperphosphorylated in the brains of patients with tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). However, neither the mechanism of hyperphosphorylation nor its contribution to pathogenesis is known. We applied Phos-tag SDS-PAGE, a phosphoaffinity electrophoresis, to the analysis of tau phosphorylation in vitro by Cdk5, in cultured cells and in mouse brain.
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