A new mutant rat with turning behavior (Tur).

A new rat mutant with abnormal behavior has been found in a closed colony of Slc: SD. The affected rats turned around after their own tails beginning 4-5 weeks after birth, in response to extroceptive stimuli, such as sound or vibration. The behavior was more pronounced in younger animals.

A patient with Schinzel-Giedion syndrome and a review of 20 patients.

The Schinzel-Giedion syndrome is characterized by severe midface retraction, multiple skull anomalies, clubfeet, and cardiac and renal malformations. So far, 20 patients have been reported. This is the first report of the syndrome demonstrated in Oriental patients.

Differentiation of Langerhans cells from interdigitating cells using CD1a and S-100 protein antibodies.

The present study shows that Langerhans cells can be differentiated from interdigitating cells at the light microscopic level. Superficial lymph nodes and skin taken from necropsies and the lymph nodes of dermatopathic lymphadenopathy (DPL) were used for this experiment. Sections of lymph node and skin were embedded using the acetone, methyl benzoate and xylene (AMeX) method and dendritic cells were immunostained with anti S-100 protein antibody (S-100, and OKT-6 (CD1a) using the restaining method.

Species-specific mechanism in rat Leydig cell tumorigenesis by procymidone.

To clarify the mechanism of species difference in the induction of testicular interstitial cell tumor (ICT, Leydig cell tumor) between rats and mice, male Sprague-Dawley rats and ICR mice were fed procymidone at dietary concentrations of 700, 2000 or 6000 ppm and 1000, 5000, or 10,000 ppm, respectively, for 3 months. The Leydig cell functions were evaluated by serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, testosterone levels in the testis, LH levels in the pituitary, the capacity of the testis to respond to gonadotropin stimulation, i.e.

Effect of chronic L-dopa administration on serum luteinizing hormone levels in male rats.

We examined whether the repeated oral administration with a high dose of L-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-alanine (L-DOPA) in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose increases serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in male rats. Serum LH levels were increased 4 h after a single administration of 1000 mg/kg L-DOPA to male rats, and returned to control levels within 8 h after administration.

Silicon level in rats with chronic renal failure produced by 5/6 nephrectomy.

Serum, erythrocyte and renal tissue silicon levels in normal Wister rats and in rats with chronic renal failure were examined. The relationship between serum, erythrocyte and renal tissue Si levels, and markers of renal function (BUN, serum creatinine), markers of anemia (RBC, Hb, Hct) and markers of bone formation (serum calcium, phosphate) were studied. Serum and erythrocyte Si levels were directly correlated with the markers of renal function and with serum Pi and serum Ca x P, and inversely with the markers of anemia.

Effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on protein, zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis.

Serum protein, albumin, Zn, Ni and Mn concentrations were examined in thirty patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis and whose haematocrit levels had been maintained at 30% for two years with rHuEPO. Serum total protein, albumin, Zn, Ni and Mn concentrations significantly increased with time for two years with rHuEPO therapy. All patients showed improvement of appetite and a normal protein balance.

Role of the CYP2D subfamily in metabolism-dependent covalent binding of propranolol to liver microsomal protein in rats.

In vitro covalent binding of a chemically reactive metabolite of propranolol to microsomal macromolecules, which is presumed to cause inhibition of its own metabolism in rats, was diminished in liver microsomes from rats pretreated with propranolol. Covalent binding was suppressed by the addition of an antibody against P450BTL, which is a cytochrome P450 (P450) isozyme belonging to the CYP2D subfamily. SDS-PAGE of microsomal proteins after incubation with [3H]propranolol and NADPH indicated that the binding was non-selective but prominent at the molecular mass of approx.

The correlation of serum luteinizing hormone levels with the induction of Leydig cell tumors in rats by oxolinic acid.

Studies were performed to examine the mechanism by which testicular Leydig cell tumors are induced in rats by administration of the antimicrobial agent oxolinic acid (1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-6,7-methylenedioxy-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid). In these studies, the effects of oxolinic acid on serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and prolactin and the binding of testosterone to prostatic androgen receptors were examined. In a long-term hormonal study, male Wistar rats were fed a diet containing oxolinic acid at 0, 100, 1000, or 3000 ppm for 104 weeks.

Cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in propranolol metabolism in human liver microsomes. The role of CYP2D6 as ring-hydroxylase and CYP1A2 as N-desisopropylase.

Oxidative metabolic pathways of propranolol consist of naphthalene ring-hydroxylations (at the 4-, 5-, and 7-positions) and side-chain N-desisopropylation in mammals. We characterized cytochrome P450 isozymes responsible for propranolol metabolism, especially N-desisopropylation and 5-hydroxylation, in human liver microsomes. 4-Hydroxy, 5-hydroxy-, and N-desisopropylpropranolol were detected as primary metabolites, whereas 7-hydroxypropranolol was in trace amounts.

Effect of erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on trace elements and quality of life (Qol) in chronic hemodialysis patients.

In 30 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis and whose hematocrit levels had been maintained at 30-50% for 2 years with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) administration, changes of serum proteins, serum albumin levels, improvement of trace elements such as zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), and quality of life (Qol) were examined for 2 years. rHuEPO therapy significantly improved the protein nutritional status, as well as serum Zn, Ni and Mn levels; the concentrations of Zn ion (Zn++), Ni ion (Ni++) and Mn ion (Mn++) in serum were significantly elevated. Objective and subjective Qol of 30 patients showed significant improvement with rHuEPO therapy for 2 years.

Clinical studies on molybdenum in patients requiring long-term hemodialysis.

Molybdenum is an essential trace element in humans. However, the serum molybdenum level or its role in patients with chronic renal failure or those requiring long-term hemodialysis remains unknown. The authors examined the serum molybdenum levels and studied the role of hemodialysis in 60 patients requiring long-term hemodialysis.

Striatal 18F-dopa uptake and brain glucose metabolism by PET in patients with syndrome of progressive ataxia.

Striatal 18F-Dopa uptake and brain glucose metabolism were studied by PET with 6-L-[18F]flurodopa and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in 11 patients with syndrome of progressive ataxia. Five of the 11 patients were diagnosed as having cerebellar cortical degeneration (CCD), including 3 with late cerebellar cortical atrophy and 2 with Holmes type hereditary ataxia while 6 demonstrated olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). The caudate and putaminal 18F-Dopa uptake ratios to the occipital cortex in CCD showed no significant difference from those in the controls.

[Fetal genitourinary abnormalities associated with oligohydramnios].

After 16 weeks of gestation, amniotic fluid mainly consisted of fetal urine. Therefore, the association of oligohydramnios with fetal urinary tract abnormalities implies severe deterioration of renal function. The relationship of the kidney and amniotic fluid in pulmonary development has been investigated, and fetuses with oligohydramnios starting in the second trimester are considered to have uniformly fatal outcomes.

Involvement of a cytochrome P4502D subfamily in human liver microsomal bunitrolol 4-hydroxylation.

The oxidative metabolism of bunitrolol, an adrenergic beta-receptor antagonist was examined in human liver microsomes fortified with an NADPH-generating system. The microsomal fractions (n = 11) showed bunitrolol 4-hydroxylase activities, which correlated well with CYP2D6 contents (correlation coefficient, r = 0.854), debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (r = 0.

Carcinogenicity studies of oxolinic acid in rats and mice.

A chronic feeding study was conducted to determine the carcinogenic potential of oxolinic acid, an antimicrobial agent, in rats and mice. Oxolinic acid was administered in the diet to Wistar rats (0, 30, 100, 300 or 1000 ppm; 50 rats/dose/sex) for 104 wk and to ICR mice (0, 50, 150 or 500 ppm; 50 mice/dose/sex) for 78 wk. Clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, autopsy findings and histopathological data were noted.

[A case of capillary hemangioma of the testis in a child].

Testicular tumors derived from connective tissue, blood vessels and musculature are uncommon and intratesticular tumors of vascular origin are extremely rare. A rare case of capillary hemangioma of the testis in a child is reported. An 11-year-old boy was admitted with the chief complaint of painless mass in the right scrotum.

[Analysis of the preceding R-R interval and the coupling interval on premature ventricular contractions].

Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) are one of the common arrhythmias. Although the analysis of the preceding R-R interval and the coupling interval on the Holter electrocardiogram, the Lorenz plotting method, has been used to characterize mature of PVC, this analysis has typically been performed without regard to the morphological classification of the electrocardiogram waveforms. Therefore, we performed the Lorenz plotting after a PVC classification.

[Establishment of hyperbilirubinuria rat mutant--a new animal model for jaundice].

A new animal model for jaundice, a hyperbilirubinemic rat mutant (EHBR, Eizai hyperbilirubinuria rat), was established from Sprague-Dawley rats. Hyperbilirubinemia was inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The gene manifesting jaundice was named "hyb".

[Histological study of fetal hydronephrosis. Development background of prenatal treatment].

It is still unclear whether prenatal decompression of the dilated urinary tracts can preserve renal development and function. Following the previous report on the relationship between the nephrogenesis and the gestational weeks in normal fetuses, we studied the hydronephrotic kidneys to find the histological background of the fetal treatment. Of the fetuses autopsied in the Department of Pathology of our Institute from 1982 to 1992, 32 kidneys from 21 fetuses associated with dilatation of the upper urinary tracts irrespective of the presence of urethral obstruction on macroscopic inspections were reviewed.

[Histological study of the fetal kidneys. Development of the nephrons according to gestational weeks].

Despite recent advance of prenatal ultrasonography leading to an increase in the detection of various fetal urological abnormalities, a lot a unresolved problems exist surrounding their diagnosis and management. It is unclear whether an antenatal intervention helps to preserve the renal function, because little has been known about the nephrogenesis of the human fetal kidney associated with congenital obstruction. To find the normal development of the kidney, we studied the fetal kidneys in relation to the gestational weeks.

[Study on the cellular proliferation and endocrine activity of the parathyroid gland in hyperparathyroidism].

Flow cytometric DNA analysis was performed in 21 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (19 adenomas in 19 cases and 5 glands with primary hyperplasia) and 24 glands with secondary hyperplasia. Tissue intact-PTH concentration was measured in another 41 glands with secondary hyperplasia. Glands with adenoma had a higher proliferative index than normal glands or glands with secondary hyperplasia.

Involvement of CYP2D6 in oxidative metabolism of cinnarizine and flunarizine in human liver microsomes.

Oxidative metabolism of cinnarizine (CZ) and its fluorine derivative flunarizine (FZ), both of which are selective calcium entry blockers, was examined in human liver microsomes. The ring-hydroxylations and the N-desalkylations constituted primary metabolic pathways in microsomal metabolism of CZ and FZ. Among these pathways, the ring-hydroxylase (p-hydroxylation) activities at the cinnamyl moiety of both drugs were highly correlated with debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase activity and CYP2D6 content.