A study of the relationships between rumination, anger rumination, aggressive script rehearsal, and aggressive behavior in a sample of incarcerated adult males.

Objective: This study explored relationships between aggressive script rehearsal, rumination, and anger rumination with aggressive behavior.

Method: One hundred and twenty-nine incarcerated males (M = 33.54, SD = 8.

Aggressive Script Rehearsal in Adult Offenders: Characteristics and Association With Self-Reported Aggression.

This study explored the frequency, recency, content, severity, and targets of aggressive scripts reported by 94 incarcerated Australian males. The scripts of participants who reported a history of repeated and severe aggression were compared with the scripts of participants who reported a history of less severe and less frequent aggression. As hypothesized, participants with a history of more frequent and severe aggressive behavior reported more severe aggressive script content and more frequent script rehearsal.

Aggressive script rehearsal in adult offenders: Relationships with emotion regulation difficulties and aggressive behavior.

This study explored relationships between self-reported emotion regulation difficulties, frequency of aggressive script rehearsal and aggressive behavior in 129 adult male inmates. Significant moderate positive correlations were found between the frequency of aggressive script rehearsal and (1) emotion regulation difficulties overall, as well as the following dimensions, (2) difficulties controlling impulses when experiencing negative emotions, and (3) confidence in the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies. Significant weak positive correlations were found between the frequency of aggressive script rehearsal and two emotion regulation difficulty dimensions, (1) a lack of understanding of emotional responses, and (2) difficulties in dealing with goal directed behavior when experiencing uncomfortable emotions.

Use of a sanitary sheath at artificial insemination by nonprofessional technicians does not markedly improve pregnancy rates to artificial insemination in pasture-based dairy cows.

Plastic sanitary sheaths over artificial insemination (AI) guns have been used at the time of AI to improve hygiene at AI and fertility in cattle, but fertility responses have been variable in studies when AI was performed by professional inseminators. The aims of this study were to investigate whether the use of a sanitary sheath at the time of AI carried out by nonprofessional (do-it-yourself, or DIY) inseminators improves pregnancy rates to AI in pasture-based dairy cows and whether effects of sheaths are greater in cows with contaminated vulvas and in cows at increased risk of extended calving to conception intervals. Lactating dairy cows located in 10 pasture-based herds in a subtropical region of northern Australia were inseminated by herd-based DIY inseminators and assigned to be inseminated with (n = 3,655) or without (n = 3,969) a sanitary sheath, with potential effects assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

Effect of equine chorionic gonadotropin on reproductive performance in a dairy herd in Northern Queensland, Australia.

This study evaluated the effect of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on reproductive performance, when incorporated into the first Ovsynch + P4 synchronization following planned start mating (PSM) in pasture-based lactating dairy cows. Two synchrony programs were compared in a randomized controlled trial in Queensland, Australia. Lactating cows from a single dairy herd (n = 782) were randomly allocated to Control and eCG groups.

An examination of the relationship between personality and aggression using the general aggression and five factor models.

This study examined the relationships between personality and aggression using the general aggression (GAM, Anderson and Bushman [2002] Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27-51) and five factor models (FFMs) (Costa and McCrae [1992] Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources). Specifically, it examined Ferguson and Dyck's (Ferguson and Dyck [2012] Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17, 220-228) criticisms that the GAM has questionable validity in clinical populations and disproportionately focuses on aggression-related knowledge structures to the detriment of other inputs, specifically personality variables.

Brief report: cognitive-regulation across the adolescent years.

The human brain undergoes considerable maturational changes during adolescence which have been predicted to influence self-regulatory control. In the current study, developmental trajectories associated with three domains of cognitive regulation; response inhibition, updating of working memory, and mental set-switching, were assessed in a sample of 149 adolescents aged between 11 and 17 years. Findings support the premise that levels of self-regulatory control increase over the course of adolescence but that different aspects of cognitive regulation are likely to mature along differing developmental trajectories.

Effective regulation of the experience and expression of negative affect in old age.

We investigated age differences in the experience and expression of emotion in 64 younger and 62 older adults. By manipulating emotion-regulation instructions, we investigated the effects of age on the control of both the inner experience and the outward expression of emotion. We predicted that there would be age improvements in regulating the inner experience of emotion.

Age, anger regulation and well-being.

Emotion regulation has been argued to be an important factor in well-being. The current study investigated the effects of adult aging on emotional expression, emotional control and rumination about emotional events, focusing on an emotion which is particularly important in social interaction: anger. Measures of anger regulation and well-being were obtained in a sample of 286 adults aged between 18 and 88.

A new conceptualization of alexithymia in the general adult population: implications for research involving older adults.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to test the validity of existing conceptualizations of the alexithymia concept, with particular reference to aging.

Methods: Two hundred and forty-eight healthy adults completed measures of alexithymia and psychosocial functioning; younger and older adults (n=121) also completed a measure of emotional responsiveness.

Results: Older adults engaged in less introspective thought traditionally thought to denote increased alexithymia.

Felodipine-metoprolol combination tablet: maintained health-related quality of life in the presence of substantial blood pressure reduction.

Background: Most treated hypertensive patients do not achieve adequate blood pressure (BP) control. Initiating therapy with two drugs has been suggested when BP is >20/10 mm Hg above goal. To ensure patients' compliance, such treatment needs to be well tolerated and must not compromise health-related quality of life (HRQL).

The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of controlled-release formulations of felodipine and metoprolol in free and fixed combinations in elderly hypertensive patients.

Aims: The aims of this study were to study the efficacy and tolerability of felodipine extended release (ER) 5 mg and metoprolol controlled release (CR/ZOC) 50 mg given as a fixed combination (Logimax) or as a free combination in elderly (age greater than 60 years) hypertensive patients, using ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring. A secondary aim was to relate the efficacy of the free and fixed combinations with pharmacokinetic profiles.

Methods: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised three-way crossover multi-centre study.

Knowledge of display rules in prelingually deaf and hearing children.

Deaf children of elementary and secondary school age participated in a study designed to examine their understanding of display rules, the principles governing the expression and concealment of emotion in social situations. The results showed that deaf children's knowledge of display rules, as measured by their reported concealment of emotion, was comparable to that of hearing children of the same age. However, deaf children were less likely to report that they would conceal happiness and anger.

Cost effectiveness of omeprazole and ranitidine in intermittent treatment of symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Objective: This 1-year study compared the cost effectiveness of omeprazole and ranitidine when used as initial therapy in an intermittent treatment strategy for the management of patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with or without erosive oesophagitis.

Design And Setting: A prospective health economic analysis was conducted alongside an international multicentre randomised, double-blind clinical study. The economic analysis was performed from a societal perspective.

Felodipine-metoprolol combination tablet: a valuable option to initiate antihypertensive therapy?

The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a calcium antagonist/beta-blocker fixed combination tablet used as first-line antihypertesnive therapy in comparison with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and placebo. Patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 110 mm Hg at the end of a 4-week run-in period) were randomly allocated to a double-blind, 12-week treatment with either a combination tablet of felodipine and metoprolol (Logimax), 5/50 mg daily (n = 321), enalapril, 10 mg daily (n = 321), or placebo (n = 304), with the possibility of doubling the dose after 4 or 8 weeks of treatment if needed (diastolic blood pressure remaining >90 mm Hg). The combined felodipine-metoprolol treatment controlled blood pressure (diastolic < or =90 mm Hg 24 h after dose) in 72% of patients after 12 weeks, as compared with 49% for enalapril and 30% for placebo.

Symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: double blind controlled study of intermittent treatment with omeprazole or ranitidine. The European Study Group.

Objective: To assess intermittent treatment over 12 months in patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Design: Randomised, multicentre, double blind, controlled study. Patients with heartburn and normal endoscopy results or mild erosive changes received omeprazole 10 mg or 20 mg daily or ranitidine 150 mg twice daily for 2 weeks.

The development of theory of mind in deaf children.

Deaf children aged 4 to 16 years were given a false-belief test of theory of mind. Although the children experienced difficulty with the test, relative to hearing children, confirming a report by Peterson and Siegal (1995), performance was age-related, with a significantly higher proportion of 13- to 16-year-olds passing the test. It was concluded that deaf children raised in a spoken language environment show a developmental delay in theory of mind acquisition.

Quality of life during acute and intermittent treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease with omeprazole compared with ranitidine. Results from a multicentre clinical trial. The European Study Group.

Aims: To investigate quality of life in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Patients: A series of 704 patients were randomised to treatment with ranitidine 150 mg bd, omeprazole 10 mg om or omeprazole 20 mg om for 2 weeks. Asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic patients were followed for 12 months.

Comparative safety and efficacy of sparfloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind, randomised, parallel, multicentre study.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were randomly allocated to oral treatment with sparfloxacin (200 mg loading dose followed by 100 mg once daily) or amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (500 mg/125 mg tds) for a total treatment duration of 7 to 14 days. Patients were evaluable if they had a FEV1/FVC ratio of less than 70% at stable state and presented with a suspected infectious exacerbation defined as increases in dyspnoea, sputum volume and sputum purulence. The primary efficacy variable was the overall success (defined as disappearance or improvement of dyspnoea and reductions in sputum volume and purulence) at end of treatment and follow-up.

Sparfloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: a pooled data analysis of two studies.

A pooled data analysis of two double-blind studies encompassing 1137 episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised adults, of which 560 were treated with sparfloxacin and 577 were randomised to comparator antibacterial agents (amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, erythromycin or amoxycillin administered at reference dosages), was performed. The global efficacy rate at the end of treatment in evaluable patients treated with sparfloxacin was 88.3% compared with 84.

Meloxicam in osteoarthritis: a 6-month, double-blind comparison with diclofenac sodium.

A multicentre, double-blind, randomized study was conducted in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip or knee in order to compare the efficacy and safety of the new cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, meloxicam, with diclofenac sodium, a conventional treatment for this condition. Three hundred and thirty-six patients were treated with oral meloxicam 7.5 mg once daily or diclofenac 100 mg slow release once daily for 6 months.

The effect of experimental design on memory for typical and distinctive faces.

The effect of experimental design on memory for typical and distinctive faces was investigated in three experiments. In Experiments 1 and 2, a between-subjects, between-lists (distinctive-only faces, or typical-only faces) manipulation of distinctiveness was compared with a within-subjects mixed-list design. The results demonstrated an interaction between design type and distinctiveness, indicating an increase in the rate of misidentifications and a decrease in the response criterion to distinctive faces in the distinctive-only set relative to distinctive faces in the mixed-list condition.

Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized comparison of sparfloxacin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid and erythromycin.

The treatment of community-acquired pneumonia is empirical in most cases and must cover a wide range of potential pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, including penicillin-resistant strains, Haemophilus influenzae and intracellular microorganisms. The objective of this double-blind, randomized, parallel group study was to compare the efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin (400 mg loading dose, followed by 200 mg o.d.

A comparison of 5 days of dirithromycin and 7 days of clarithromycin in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.

The safety and efficacy of dirithromycin and clarithromycin were compared in a single-blind, multicentre study of patients with acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB). Patients received either dirithromycin, 500 mg once daily for 5 days, or clarithromycin, 250 mg twice daily for 7 days. A total of 212 patients entered the study, of whom 191 qualified for efficacy analysis.