Efficacy of dexmedetomidine and ketamine addition to bupivacaine 0.25% by epidural method in reducing postoperative pain in patients undergoing femur fracture surgery.

Background And Aim: One of the most complex medical problems is pain, that due to inappropriate management of patients after surgery could cause various side effects on the psychological, physiological, and metabolic state of the patients. The natural duration of analgesia can be increased by adding new efficient adjuvant. The present study is mainly aimed to investigate the differences between the epidural dexmedetomidine and ketamine effectiveness when administered as an adjuvant to epidural 0.

Investigation of the outcome of patients with hip fractures using vitamin D3.

Hip fracture is one of the important health problems of human societies. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of patients with this fracture using vitamin D3. This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 100 patients with hip fractures who referred to Valiasr Hospital.

Conversion of fused knee following distal femur tumor surgery to total knee arthroplasty.

Conversion of knee arthrodesis to total knee arthroplasty is a difficult procedure accompanied by many complications due to soft tissue and extensor mechanism contracture and bone defects. We report two cases of distal femur osteosarcoma that had been undergone wide resection arthrodesis initially. Arthrodesis was converted to total knee arthroplasty with hinged prosthesis after many years.