Targeting GSK-3β for adipose dysfunction and cardiovascular complications of metabolic disease: An entangled WNT/β-catenin question.

Individuals with metabolic syndrome have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders that is closely tied to visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, as well as an altered interaction between adipose tissue and the cardiovascular system. In metabolic syndrome, adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with increased hypertrophy, reduced vascularization, and hypoxia of adipocytes, leading to a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory environment. Among the pathways regulating adipose tissue homeostasis is the wingless-type mammary tumor virus integration site family (Wnt) signaling pathway, with both its canonical and non-canonical arms.

Integrated Biomarker Response Emphasizing Neuronal Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity Induced by Oxamyl in Sprague Dawley Rats: Ameliorative Effect of Ginseng as a Neuroprotective Agent.

Climate change has led to increased and varying pest infestation patterns, triggering a rise in pesticide usage and exposure. The effects of oxamyl, a widely used nematicide in Egypt, encompasses typical signs of carbamate intoxication; nevertheless, long-term effects of oxamyl exposure, particularly on the nervous system, require further elucidation. This study systematically investigated the mechanism and manifestations of repeated subacute exposure to sublethal doses of oxamyl in male SD rats.

Optimizing physicochemical properties, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial activity of dry ginger extract using sonication treatment.

This research paper focused on enhancing the physico-chemical attributes, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial effectiveness of dry ginger extract through sonication as an assistant extraction treatment. Ginger, resulting from the rhizome of Roscoe, is known for its culinary and medicinal uses outstanding to its antioxidant and antimicrobial possessions from phenolic acids and flavonoids. The study explored the use of sonication as an assistant extraction method and found that it significantly augmented the total phenolic content of the ginger extract by 28 % compared to traditional extraction methods, reaching 10.

Thermogenic Modulation of Adipose Depots: A Perspective on Possible Therapeutic Intervention with Early Cardiorenal Complications of Metabolic Impairment.

Cardiovascular complications of diabetes and obesity remain a major cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in the pharmacotherapy of metabolic disease, the available approaches do not prevent or slow the progression of complications. Moreover, a majority of patients present with significant vascular involvement at early stages of dysfunction prior to overt metabolic changes.

Use of 4-D proteomics to differentiate between bovine and camel lactoferrin.

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional protein that has various biological activities and applications. However, different sources of lactoferrin may have different properties and characteristics. In this study, we hypothesized that ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (UPLC-QTOF-IMS) coupled with UNIFI software can differentiate bovine lactoferrin from camel lactoferrin based on the unique peptides produced by trypsin digestion.

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Pomegranate Juice Concentrate.

Pomegranate juice concentrate (PJC) is a rich source of polyphenols, which exhibit significant antioxidant activity and potential health benefits for disease prevention and therapy. In this study, the polyphenolic profile of PJC was investigated for the first time, and it was found that PJC can inhibit oxidative damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as well as acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase activities. The primary polyphenols identified in PJC were 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzoate, epicatechin, catechin, rutin, ferulic acid, P-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid.

Palm Fruit ( L.) Pollen Extract Inhibits Cancer Cell and Enzyme Activities and DNA and Protein Damage.

Palm fruit pollen extract (PFPE) is a natural source of bioactive polyphenols. The primary aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, enzyme inhibition, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and DNA-protective properties of PFPE and identify and quantify the phenolic compounds present in PFPE. The results demonstrated that PFPE exhibited potent antioxidant activity in various radical-scavenging assays, including (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC).

Valorization of Second-Grade Date Fruit Byproducts and Nonstandard Sweet Potato Tubers to Produce Novel Biofortified Functional Jam.

Byproducts of second-grade dates and sweet potato tubers of noncommercial standard are produced along with the main product and are just as important as the main product but cannot be sold in the open market, as they may not be considered acceptable by consumers. Such byproducts can be valorized through the manufacture of a wide range of functional food products with high market appeal, such as jams. The research approach of this study included measuring antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, polyphenols, physicochemical and color indices, pH, and total sugar, as well as conducting a sensory evaluation, of mixed jams composed of different ratios of date jam (DFJ) to sweet potato jam (SPJ), namely, DP1 (80:20), DP2 (70:30), DP3 (60:40), and DP4 (50:50).

Physicochemical and Sensory Properties and Shelf Life of Block-Type Processed Cheeses Fortified with Date Seeds ( L.) as a Functional Food.

Processed cheese has rapidly been established as a commercial product in recent years. A new ingredient, a byproduct from date fruit seed (DFS), was obtained and tested as a fortified fiber from food industrial waste in block-type processed cheese. This is the first inclusive investigation to report such a test.

Polyphenol-Rich Date Palm Fruit Seed ( L.) Extract Inhibits Labile Iron, Enzyme, and Cancer Cell Activities, and DNA and Protein Damage.

Date palm fruit seed ( L.) extract (DSE), an under-utilized resource, is a rich source of polyphenols with high potency for disease prevention and antioxidative activities. For the first time, the present study demonstrated that DSE inhibits labile iron activity and DNA and BSA damage and inhibits acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase activities.

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract inhibits DNA and protein damage and labile iron, enzyme, and cancer cell activities.

Grape seed extract from (Vitis vinifera) (VGSE) is an excellent source of various polyphenols that exhibit highly potent antioxidant and disease prevention properties. Although numerous biological activities, with potential for improving human health, have been reported for VGSE, there is a lack of data relating to the health benefits of VGSE on DNA damage, protein damage, labile iron activity, and enzyme inhibitory effects. This investigation demonstrated, for the first time, that VGSE inhibits DNA and BSA damage and labile iron activity in-vitro.

Inhibitory effects of honey from arid land on some enzymes and protein damage.

Although arid land honey is outstanding for its conventional uses in food and medicine, there is an absence of data regarding its health benefits from the perspective of enzyme inhibitory effects that are affirmed by the current study. For the first time, this investigation demonstrates that different types of honey exert inhibitory effects on the activities of angiotensin, tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, -α -amylase, acetylcholinesterase, and lipase, in addition to the inhibition of bovine serum albumin damage. The present study also provides a comparison with perceived healthy honey from non-arid areas.

The role of iron in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and possible treatment with lactoferrin and other iron chelators.

Iron overload is increasingly implicated as a contributor to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Indeed, several of the manifestations of COVID-19, such as inflammation, hypercoagulation, hyperferritinemia, and immune dysfunction are also reminiscent of iron overload. Although iron is essential for all living cells, free unbound iron, resulting from iron dysregulation and overload, is very reactive and potentially toxic due to its role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Effect of dietary inclusion of sugar syrup on production performance, egg quality and blood biochemical parameters in laying hens.

The effects of dietary inclusion of sugar syrup on quality of egg, cholesterol level, production performance, serum total protein and blood biochemical parameters were evaluated in laying hens. A total of 300 commercial Lohmann LSL hens (30 weeks of age) were randomly distributed into 3 dietary treatments which consisted of a normal corn diet containing corn-soy and 2 diets containing 5% and 10% sugar syrup. Each treatment was replicated 5 times ( = 20).

DNA and BSA damage inhibitory activities, and anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-porcine α-amylase and antioxidant properties of Dolichos lablab beans.

The underutilized Kenyan variety of Dolichos lablab bean seeds serve as a good source of natural antioxidants, which can probably be effective in reducing the risk of occurrence of several diseases. This study was undertaken for the first time to address the limited knowledge regarding the antioxidant activities of lablab beans. Moreover, their DNA damage inhibitory activity, bovine serum albumin (BSA) damage inhibitory activity, and the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and porcine α-amylase were also investigated.

Functional, bioactive, biochemical, and physicochemical properties of the Dolichos lablab bean.

The underutilized Kenyan variety of Dolichos lablab bean seeds serves as a good source of nutrients. This study was undertaken for the first time to address the limited knowledge regarding the bioactive, biochemical, physicochemical, and functional properties of Dolichos lablab beans. Proximate analysis, mineral, total and free amino acid profiles, total protein, total dietary and profile of fiber, carotenoids and fat soluble vitamins, total phenolics, and total flavonoids were evaluated.

Graded levels of sugar syrup in broiler rations and its effect on growth performance and blood biochemical parameters.

Dietary energy for chickens normally includes cereal grains and fat. This innovative study investigated the effect of replacing part of the corn and fat in broiler chicken rations with graded levels of sugar syrup on growth performance and biochemical parameters. Experimental treatments consisted of feeding a corn-soy basal diet alone, or with graded levels of sugar syrup in increments of 5%, 10% and 15%.

Production of functional pita bread using date seed powder.

Functional foods represent a novel approach to prevent diet-related diseases. Due to its excellent nutritional and antioxidant properties, date seed was used to develop functional pita bread. Flour was replaced by 5, 10, 15 and 20 % date seed powder.

Physicochemical and biochemical properties of honeys from arid regions.

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of 11 honeys from arid regions for first time, and compare it with 5 different honeys from non-arid regions. Mean values obtained for physicochemical parameters were: pH 4.76 ± 0.

Soybean peroxidase-mediated degradation of an azo dye- a detailed mechanistic study.

Background: Peroxidases are emerging as an important class of enzymes that can be used for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants. However, detailed studies identifying the various intermediates produced and the mechanisms involved in the enzyme-mediated pollutant degradation are not widely published.

Results: In the present study, the enzymatic degradation of an azo dye (Crystal Ponceau 6R, CP6R) was studied using commercially available soybean peroxidase (SBP) enzyme.

Polyphenolic compounds in date fruit seed (Phoenix dactylifera): characterisation and quantification by using UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS.

Background: Date fruit seeds have been demonstrated to possess high antioxidant activities due to their high content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The objective of this work was to identify and quantify the phenolic composition of date seeds.

Methods: Two UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analyses were performed on the seed of the Khalas variety as follows: (1) an analysis of simple phenolic compounds [phenolic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, flavones, flavan-3-ols (monomers, dimers and trimers)]; and (2) an analysis of all flavan-3-ols (monomers, and proanthocyanidin oligomers and polymers) after depolymerisation.

Mitochondrial superoxide mediates labile iron level: evidence from Mn-SOD-transgenic mice and heterozygous knockout mice and isolated rat liver mitochondria.

Superoxide is the main reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by aerobic cells primarily in mitochondria. It is also capable of producing other ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Moreover, superoxide has the potential to release iron from its protein complexes.

Camel milk lactoferrin reduces the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and exerts antioxidant and DNA damage inhibitory activities.

Lactoferrin (Lf), the main iron-binding protein of milk, has biological activities. We have evaluated the potential of camel milk lactoferrin for its ability to inhibit the proliferation of the colon cancer cell line, HCT-116, in vitro, DNA damage and its antioxidant activities for the first time. The antioxidant capacity of Lf was evaluated by different assays, including ferric-reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP), free radical-scavenging activity (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) radical-scavenging assay, total antioxidant activity and DNA damage, compared with vitamin C and rutin.

Nutritional value of 10 traditional dishes of the United Arab Emirates.

In the present study, 10 traditional dishes commonly consumed in the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.