Tailoring a facile electronic and ionic pathway to boost the storage performance of FeO nanowires as negative electrode for supercapacitor application.

Today, high-energy applications are devoted to boosting the storage performance of asymmetric supercapacitors. Importantly, boosting the storage performance of the negative electrodes is a crucial topic. FeO-based active materials display a promising theoretical storage performance as a negative electrode.

Visualizing the 4D Impact of Gold Nanoparticles on DNA.

The genotoxicity of AuNPs has sparked a scientific debate, with one perspective attributing it to direct DNA damage and another to oxidative damage through reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation. This controversy poses challenges for the widespread use of AuNPs in biomedical applications. To address this debate, we employed four-dimensional atomic force microscopy (4DAFM) to examine the ability of AuNPs to damage DNA in vitro in the absence of ROS.

Erlotinib-Loaded Dendrimer Nanocomposites as a Targeted Lung Cancer Chemotherapy.

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Erlotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, affecting both cancerous cell proliferation and survival. The emergence of oncological nanotechnology has provided a novel drug delivery system for erlotinib.

Nanomedicine approaches to reduce cytokine storms in severe infections.

During a cytokine storm, dysregulated proinflammatory cytokines are produced in excess. Cytokine storms occur in multiple infectious diseases, including Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, eliminating cytokine storms to enhance patient outcomes is crucial.

Retinal Delivery of the Protein Kinase C-β Inhibitor Ruboxistaurin Using Non-Invasive Nanoparticles of Polyamidoamine Dendrimers.

Ruboxistaurin (RBX) is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agent that is used in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy and is mainly given intravitreally. To provide a safe and effective method for RBX administration, this study was designed to develop RBX nanoparticles using polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer generation 5 for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Drug loading efficiency, and in vitro release of proposed complexes of RBX: PAMAM dendrimers were determined and the complexation ratio that showed the highest possible loading efficiency was selected.

Comparison of Tau and Amyloid-β Targeted Immunotherapy Nanoparticles for Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a rapidly growing global concern associated with the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the brain combined with a high acetylcholinesterase activity. AD diagnosis is usually made too late, when patients have an extensive neuronal death, and brain damage is irreversible. Several therapeutic targets have been defined mainly related to two hypotheses of AD: the tau hypothesis and the amyloid-β hypothesis.

MicroRNA-219 loaded chitosan nanoparticles for treatment of glioblastoma.

Recent evidence has implicated microRNA-219 (miR-219) in regulation of gene contributed in glioblastoma (GBM) pathogenesis. This study aimed to prepare miR-219 in chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs), characterize and investigate their efficacy on human GBM cell line (U87 MG). NPs were prepared using ionic gelation method.

Phosphate Dysregulation and Neurocognitive Sequelae.

The endocrine regulator proteins, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and Klotho have been well studied as mediators of phosphate metabolism. FGF23 has been implicated in the renal excretion of phosphate by limiting the docking of sodium-dependent phosphate transporters, Npt2a and Npt2c, into the luminal side of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. By limiting Npt2a/c activity in the renal tubular epithelial cells, phosphate is reabsorbed at lower rates and is excreted at higher rates.

MicroRNA-539-5p-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Grafted with iRGD as a Targeting Treatment for Choroidal Neovascularization.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of visual impairment that results from excessive growth of blood vessels in the eye's choroid. The limited clinical efficacy of the current therapy for this condition requires the emergence of new treatment modalities such as microRNA (miRNAs). A recent study identified microRNA-539-5p (miR-539) as an angiogenic suppressor in a CNV animal model; however, its therapeutic delivery is limited.

Folate Functionalized Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeted Therapy of Methicillin-Resistant .

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), commonly called a superbug, is a highly alarming antibiotic-resistant population of bacteria. Vancomycin (VAN) was first approved by the FDA in 1988, and it is still regarded as the treatment of choice for MRSA. The efficacy of VAN treatment has become less effective due to the development of VAN resistance in MRSA and the potential for nephrotoxicity.

Trastuzumab Targeted Neratinib Loaded Poly-Amidoamine Dendrimer Nanocapsules for Breast Cancer Therapy.

Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (Her2) positive breast cancer represents 25% of breast cancer cases. Targeted therapy with Her2 monoclonal antibody, trastuzumab (TZ), represents the first-line treatment for this type of breast cancer. In addition, neratinib, an irreversible inhibitor of the HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase, has recently been approved as adjuvant therapy to TZ.

Colored Polymeric Nanofiber Loaded with Minoxidil Sulphate as Beauty Coverage and Restoring Hair Loss.

Polymeric nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning either blank (PVA) or loaded with minoxidil sulphate have yielded optimum fibers with an average diameter 273 nm, and 511 nm, respectively. Thermal analysis of nanofibers indicated no chemical interaction. The NMR spectrum confirmed stability of nanofiber as there were no interactions between functional groups.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of diclofenac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

Emerging antibiotic resistance necessitates the development of new therapeutic approaches. Many studies have reported the antimicrobial activity of diclofenac sodium (DIC) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs). Hence, this study aimed to prepare non-antibiotic DIC-loaded CNPs (DIC.

Solid and cystic papillary neoplasm of the pancreas in a 18-year-old female: a case report.

Context: Solid and cystic papillary neoplasm of the pancreas is an extremely rare neoplasm that mostly affects young females in the mean age of 25 years and accounts for about 0.2-2.7% of all pancreatic tumors.

Visualizing the attack of RNase enzymes on dendriplexes and naked RNA using atomic force microscopy.

Cationic polymers such as poly(amidoamine), PAMAM, dendrimers have been used to electrostatically complex siRNA molecules forming dendriplexes for enhancing the cytoplasmic delivery of the encapsulated cargo. However, excess PAMAM dendrimers is typically used to protect the loaded siRNA against enzymatic attack, which results in systemic toxicity that hinders the in vivo use of these particles. In this paper, we evaluate the ability of G4 (flexible) and G5 (rigid) dendrimers to complex model siRNA molecules at low +/- ratio of 2/1 upon incubation for 20 minutes and 24 hours.

AFM analysis of C60 and a poly(amido amine) dendrimer-C60 nanoconjugate.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the nanoscopic structure and topography of buckminsterfullerene (C60) and a conjugate of C60 with generation four, amine-terminated, poly(amido amine) dendrimer (PAMAM-G4). The conjugate contains a PAMAM-G4 core and C60 shell formed by reacting PAMAM-G4 with an excess of C60. Fractal patterns of C60 were observed in nanoscopic AFM images when solutions of different concentrations of C60 in pyridine or toluene were dried at room temperature.

Direct real-time molecular scale visualisation of the degradation of condensed DNA complexes exposed to DNase I.

The need to protect DNA from in vivo degradation is one of the basic tenets of therapeutic gene delivery and a standard test for any proposed delivery vector. The currently employed in vitro tests, however, presently provide no direct link between the molecular structure of the vector complexes and their success in this role, thus hindering the rational design of successful gene delivery agents. Here we apply atomic force microscopy (AFM) in liquid to visualise at the molecular scale and in real time, the effect of DNase I on generation 4 polyamidoamine dendrimers (G4) complexed with DNA.