Enhancing the health knowledge and health literacy of recently resettled refugees through classroom-based instructional methods.

Health education can elevate health literacy, which is associated with health knowledge, health-seeking behaviors and overall improved health outcomes. Refugees are particularly vulnerable to the effects of low health knowledge and literacy, which can exacerbate already poor health stemming from their displacement experience. Traditional learning methods including classroom-based instruction are typically how health-related information is presented to refugees.

Why Do Physicians Depart Their Practice? A Qualitative Study of Attrition in a Multispecialty Ambulatory Practice Network.

Background: Physician departure causes considerable disruption for patients, colleagues, and staff. The cost of finding a new physician to replace the loss coupled with lost productivity as they build their practice can cost as much as $1 million per departure. Therefore, we sought to characterize drivers of departure from practice with the goal of informing retention efforts (with a special emphasis on the connection between electronic health record (EHR)-related stress and physician departure).

Physician Renewal of Chronically Prescribed Controlled Substances Based on Urine Drug Test Results.

The effect of specific urine drug testing (UDT) results on physician prescribing habits has not been well described. The primary objective was to report renewal rates of chronically prescribed controlled substances based on types of inconsistent UDT results. We conducted a retrospective chart review over a 5-month period comparing prescription renewals rates for patients with consistent versus inconsistent UDTs.

Targeted delivery of antineoplastic agent to bone: biodistribution studies of technetium-99m-labeled gem-bisphosphonate conjugate of methotrexate.

Unlabelled: A methotrexate-bisphosphonate conjugate containing a peptide bond has been found to possess over five times greater antineoplastic activity against osteosarcoma in experimental animal models compared with methotrexate alone.

Methods: The conjugate was labeled with 99mTc in the presence of stannous ions to determine biologic distribution, with special reference to osseous tissue. Biodistribution studies were carried out in mice after intravenous administration of the labeled conjugate.

Bone density variation within lumbar vertebrae in apparently normal women.

Using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, lumbar bone mineral density was measured in 236 consecutive nonathletic white women of ages 36-85 years, who had been referred for evaluation of possible osteoporosis. Of these, 141 women had an average lumbar density of 100 +/- 15% of age, race, sex and weight matched normal adults. These apparently normal women were analyzed for the distribution of bone density values between lumbar vertebrae L2, L3 and L4.

Radiopharmaceuticals for palliation of metastatic osseous lesions: biologic and physical background.

The intimate admixing of bone matrix and bone marrow is a central point in devising therapy of metastatic lesions. Since specific modalities are not yet available for destroying the malignant cells, treatment is usually palliative. The use of stable gallium (Ga-nitrate) and of a diphosphonate (aminohydroxypropylidine diphosphonate disodium) as osteoclast inhibitors is discussed.

Assessment of bone remodeling in the temporomandibular joint by serial uptake measurement of technetium 99m-labeled methylene diphosphonate with a cadmium telluride probe.

Regional uptake of technetium 99m-labeled methylene diphosphonate was measured serially over time to follow the healing course of surgically generated lesions, induced unilaterally in the condyles of beagles. A small portable cadmium telluride probe was used for radiation detection, with and without a gold collimator attached. Radioactivity was measured at six periarticular sites on both the operated and the contralateral control sides and expressed as a ratio with respect to a reference site over the sagittal suture.

Studies on focal alveolar bone healing with technetium (Tc)-99m labeled methylene diphosphonate and gold-collimated cadmium telluride probe.

The benefit of using a collimator for a miniaturized cadmium telluride probe was evaluated by monitoring the bone-healing processes for 13 weeks after the induction of small iatrogenic alveolar bone lesions in one side of the mandible in beagles. Technetium (Tc)-99m labeled methylene diphosphonate (200 to 300 MBq, 5.1 to 8.

Radioiodination and biodistribution of analogs of a calichemicin constituent.

Analogs of the aromatic constituent of calichemicins were labeled with 131I by exchange reactions. Radiochemical yield for methyl-4-hydroxy-5-iodo-2,3-dimethoxy-6-methylbenzoate was approx. 90%.

Nuclear medicine studies of aging--VIII. Bone to soft-tissue ratio of 99mTc labeled MDP and HMDP vs age.

An objective approach to determine whether there was an advantage of using 99mTc-MDP or 99mTc-HMDP for bone imaging, particularly in elderly subjects, was evaluated by measuring the bone to soft-tissue ratio in relation to age. This was done by quantifying analog images of the femoral region by using an optical densitometer. A ratio (mean for right and left thighs) was determined for mid-femur to adjacent soft-tissue.

Nuclear medicine studies of aging--III. Radial bone mineral content by single and dual photon absorptiometry.

Measurement of bone mineral content of the radius has been possible by single photon absorptiometry. Recently, dual photon devices have become widely used for measuring the quantity of lumbar vertebral bone mineral. Therefore, we studied the utility of a dual beam machine for quantifying the bone mineral content of the radius, and compared results with those obtained by single photon absorptiometry in the same patient on the same day.

Nuclear medicine studies of aging--IV. Femoral proximal to distal radionuclide uptake gradient.

Analyses of radionuclide bone scans were carried out to determine if, with the aging process, there were measurable changes in the femoral gradient of activity from proximal to distal portions of bone. Images of the femoral region were obtained using a gamma camera 2-3 h after i.v.

Technetium-99m-labeled phosphonic acid analog of serine: bone uptake.

A phosphonic acid analog of serine (PAAS), its P-methyl derivative, and an allied compound were labeled with 99mTc, and evaluated in experimental animals. These molecules were able to bind 99mTc in the presence of stannous ions, but the biologic behavior of the later two labeled compounds was quite different from that of the first one. Technetium-99m-labeled PAAS behaved like 99mTc-labeled methylene diphosphonate, but its P-methyl derivative and the third agent showed little bone accumulation.

Breast milk content of 131I in a hypothyroid patient.

An oral dose of 185 MBq of 131I (sodium iodide) was administered to a lactating mother for whole body scanning. Breast milk was collected at several points in time, and assayed for radioactivity. The radioiodine concentration in the milk was found to be 4 MBq/dL at 6 h (about 2% of the dose).

Synthesis and biodistribution of radioarsenic labeled dimethylarsinothiols: derivatives of penicillamine and mercaptoethanol.

Arsenic analogs of sulfhydryl containing biomolecules can be derived from dimethylchloroarsine as a precursor. Arsenic-76 labeled dimethylarsinothiols (dimethylarsinopenicillamine and dimethylarsinomercaptoethanol) were synthesized, purified by chromatography, and their biodistributions obtained in mice. The present study demonstrates the possibility of developing a group of radioarsenicals from SH-containing biomolecules.

Comparison of biodistribution of 3H, 32P and 99mTc labeled Gpp(NH)p in tumor bearing hamsters.

Biodistribution and tumor uptake studies were carried out with intravenously injected tracer doses of Gpp(NH)p labeled with 3H, 32P or 99mTc . Syrian golden hamsters with cheek pouch carcinomas, induced by repeated topical applications of DMBA, were used as a tumor model. The biodistributions of these three radionuclides were different, indicating significant molecular cleavage of this nucleotide analog.