Synergistic Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Physical Activity on Oxidative Stress Markers and Antioxidant Mechanisms in Aged Rats.

Background: Aging induces degenerative processes in the body, contributing to the onset of various age-associated diseases that affect the population. Inadequate dietary habits and low physical activity are major contributors to increased morbidity during aging. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and physical activity on the markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms in aged male Wistar rats (23-24 months).

PEG-Polymeric Nanocarriers Alleviate the Immunosuppressive Effects of Free 4-Thiazolidinone-Based Chemotherapeutics on T Lymphocyte Function and Cytokine Production.

Purpose: Our study aimed to assess the effects of anticancer 4-thiazolidinone-based free water-insoluble therapeutics Les-3288 and Les-3833 and their waterborne complexes with branched PEG-containing polymeric carriers (A24-PEG550 and A24-PEG750) on immune response.

Methods: Human peripheral blood was used to study in vitro lymphocyte proliferative function, leukocyte phagocytic activity and respiratory burst, and cytokine production.

Results: The binding of the polymer to the anticancer drug Les-3288, which is intended to mitigate the immunosuppressive effects of the free drug on the proliferative activity of T lymphocytes and T-dependent B cells, demonstrated comparable efficacy for both A24-PEG750 and A24-PEG550 nanocarriers.

Immunotoxicity of stainless-steel nanoparticles obtained after 3D printing.

This study aims to investigate the in vitro effects of nanoparticles (NPs) produced during the selective laser melting (SLM) of 316 L stainless steel metal powder on the immune response in a human blood model. Experimental data did not reveal effect on viability of 316 L NPs for the tested doses. Functional immune assays showed a significant immunosuppressive effect of NPs.

Elevated erythroferrone distinguishes erythrocytosis with inherited defects in oxygen-sensing pathway from primary familial and congenital polycythaemia.

Congenital erythrocytoses represent a heterogenous group of rare defects of erythropoiesis characterized by elevated erythrocyte mass. We performed molecular-genetic analysis of 21 Czech patients with congenital erythrocytosis and assessed the mutual link between chronic erythrocyte overproduction and iron homoeostasis. Causative mutations in erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2A) or Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) genes were detected in nine patients, including a novel p.

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Modulate Systemic Immune Response and Increase Levels of Reduced Glutathione in Mice after Seven-Week Inhalation.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) are used in a wide range of applications. Although inhalation of NPs is one of the most important toxicologically relevant routes, experimental studies on potential harmful effects of TiO NPs using a whole-body inhalation chamber model are rare. In this study, the profile of lymphocyte markers, functional immunoassays, and antioxidant defense markers were analyzed to evaluate the potential adverse effects of seven-week inhalation exposure to two different concentrations of TiO NPs (0.

THE IMPORTANCE OF FEEDBACK IN MONITORING PATIENTS' RADIATION DOSES IN MAMMOGRAPHY.

The majority of medical facilities in the Slovak Republic archive diagnostic images of their patients in a picture archiving and communicating system (PACS). Data from the PACS system can be used to analyse patient radiation dose and perform internal and external quality control through dose monitoring software systems. However, appropriate use of such systems requires the provision of feedback and the ability of staff to identify causes of diagnostic reference level exceedances.

PRECAUTION IN THE USE OF EFFECTIVE DOSE IN CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY.

The effective dose is a quantity used in clinical practice for statistical evaluation of the radiation dose of patients undergoing different types of examinations. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a specific examination whose calculated effective dose may be subject to several biases. For this reason, it is important to consider factors (different examination techniques, heart rate and patient habitus) that may influence its resulting value.

CURRENT TRENDS OF RADIATION PROTECTION EQUIPMENT IN INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY.

Interventional radiology represents subspecialty of radiology, which does not use imaging modalities only for diagnostics, but mostly for therapeutic purposes. Realisation of interventional procedures is done through X-rays, which replaces direct visual control done by interventional radiologist or cardiologist. For the targeted reduction of the radiation exposure, the interventional radiology staff use personal protective equipment.

Missense mutation in RPS7 causes Diamond-Blackfan anemia via alteration of erythrocyte metabolism, protein translation and induction of ribosomal stress.

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is predominantly underlined by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RP); however, its etiology remains unexplained in approximately 25 % of patients. We previously reported a novel heterozygous RPS7 mutation hg38 chr2:g.3,580,153G > T p.

Developmental changes in iron metabolism and erythropoiesis in mice with human gain-of-function erythropoietin receptor.

Iron availability for erythropoiesis is controlled by the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. Increased erythropoiesis negatively regulates hepcidin synthesis by erythroferrone (ERFE), a hormone produced by erythroid precursors in response to erythropoietin (EPO). The mechanisms coordinating erythropoietic activity with iron homeostasis in erythrocytosis with low EPO are not well defined as exemplified by dominantly inherited (heterozygous) gain-of-function mutation of human EPO receptor (mtHEPOR) with low EPO characterized by postnatal erythrocytosis.

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Stimulate the Immune Response and Decrease Antioxidant Defense in Mice After Six-Week Inhalation.

Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are increasingly used in various industry sectors. Moreover, medical application of CuO NPs as antimicrobials also contributes to human exposure. Their toxicity, including toxicity to the immune system and blood, raises concerns, while information on their immunotoxicity is still very limited.

The importance of public health in radiology and radiation protection.

The ionizing radiation belongs to the basic physical factors that can be measured. We forget often about its risks and the possible damage to our health. The imaging methods which use the ionizing radiation increase the diagnostics quality and they have become a certainty for many medical workers.

Oxidative DNA Damage, Inflammatory Signature, and Altered Erythrocytes Properties in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia.

Molecular pathophysiology of Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) involves disrupted erythroid-lineage proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis; with the activation of p53 considered as a key component. Recently, oxidative stress was proposed to play an important role in DBA pathophysiology as well. CRISPR/Cas9-created Rpl5- and Rps19-deficient murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and DBA patients' samples were used to evaluate proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, DNA damage and DNA damage response.

Czech and Slovak Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) Registry update: Clinical data and novel causative genetic lesions.

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare congenital erythroid aplasia, underlied by haploinsufficient mutations in genes coding for ribosomal proteins (RP) in approximately 70% of cases. DBA is frequently associated with somatic malformations, endocrine dysfunction and with an increased predisposition to cancer. Here we present clinical and genetic characteristics of 62 patients from 52 families enrolled in the Czech and Slovak DBA Registry.

Six-week inhalation of CdO nanoparticles in mice: The effects on immune response, oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, fibrotic response, and bones.

Due to the growing number of applications of cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs), there is a concern about their potential deleterious effects. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of CdO NPs on the immune response, renal and intestine oxidative stress, blood antioxidant defence, renal fibrotic response, bone density and mineral content. Six-week-old female ICR mice were exposed to CdO NPs for 6 weeks by inhalation (particle size: 9.

RISK EVALUATION IN THE LOW-DOSE RANGE CT FOR RADIATION-EXPOSED CHILDREN, BASED ON DNA DAMAGE.

One of the most common usages of radiation in current medical diagnosis is computed tomography (CT) using X-rays. The potential health risk of CT scans has been discussed in various studies to determine whether low-dose radiation from CT could enhance the chromosome aberration yields in pediatric patients and increase their risk of carcinogenesis. For this reason, it is of great interest to study the effects of low-dose radiation.

[Hemoglobinopathies].

This article summarize molecular-genetic basis of hemoglobinopathies, their classification and phenotypic manifestations. The description of individual subgroups is supplemented with a case reports of patients diagnosed in the Czech population. This paper provides an overview of 14 types of α-thalassemic mutations, 34 β-thalassemic alleles, 4 δβ-thalassemic alleles and 22 hemoglobin variants identified in the Czech population in 876 persons from 579 families.

Hepcidin in newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease in children.

Aim: Hepcidin is a central regulator of iron homeostasis. Its production is also influenced by systemic inflammation. The aims of this study were to compare hepcidin levels in paediatric patients newly diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and to determine the association of hepcidin levels with laboratory and clinical parameters of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) activity.

Humoral and cellular immune response in Wistar Han RCC rats fed two genetically modified maize MON810 varieties for 90 days (EU 7th Framework Programme project GRACE).

The genetically modified maize event MON810 expresses a Bacillus thuringiensis-derived gene, which encodes the insecticidal protein Cry1Ab to control some lepidopteran insect pests such as the European corn borer. It has been claimed that the immune system may be affected following the oral/intragastric administration of the MON810 maize in various different animal species. In the frame of the EU-funded project GRACE, two 90-day feeding trials, the so-called studies D and E, were performed to analyze the humoral and cellular immune responses of male and female Wistar Han RCC rats fed the MON810 maize.

ESTIMATION OF DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR CT CORONAROGRAPHY IN SLOVAKIA.

The coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is a frequent diagnostic method connected with large variability of effective dose. Therefore, it is the type of examination where optimization is very important and the use of a national diagnostic reference level (DRL) recommended. In Slovakia the DRL for interventional radiology examinations until now fails.

Expression of purinergic P2X receptors in subpopulations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in early-stage of chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, enhancing cardiovascular risk and immunodeficiency. Purinergic signaling has been accepted as a crucial component in the pathogenesis of various diseases, mediating a vast array of biological processes. The P2X receptor is one of the important cell surface regulators of several key inflammatory molecules.