Background: Despite advances in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), primary and secondary resistance to current therapies remains. Elevated circulating sphingolipids are associated with poor outcomes in patients with mCRPC, including therapeutic resistance and shorter overall survival. PCPro is a clinically accessible, regulatory compliant plasma lipid biomarker of poor prognosis in mCRPC, which incorporates prognostic sphingolipids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Lung Cancer Res
November 2024
Background: Apart from fusions and the common mutations, targetable molecular alterations are irrelevant for adjuvant treatment decision making in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This retrospective analysis aimed to investigate if there is a difference in recurrence-free survival in stage I-III NSCLC harboring druggable molecular alterations compared to subtypes without targetable molecular alterations.
Methods: All consecutive patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for NSCLC (stage I-III) with targetable mutations between January 2015 and December 2020 at three Austrian institutions were identified and compared with tumors without targetable molecular alterations.
Objective: Burnout is an increasingly prevalent phenomenon, which can be associated with a wide range of mental and physical illnesses. There is also a possible connection between burnout and neuropathic low back pain, but the association is poorly studied.
Methods: The aim of our cross-sectional study was to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of chronic neuropathic low back pain taking many co-variates into account, such as burnout and its main determinants among postal workers.
In situ gels have been developed as an innovative strategy to prolong corneal residence time and enhance drug absorption compared to traditional eye drops. Our study aimed to formulate an ophthalmic in situ gel with a combination of two thermosensitive poloxamers, P407 and P188, in an optimal ratio not only to increase the time of action but also to increase the solubility of selected antibiotics for the treatment of ophthalmic infections. Two BSC II class substances, Azithromycin and Ofloxacin, with different mechanisms of action, have been incorporated into the in situ gel system after determining their solubility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreakthrough symptoms are thought to occur in roughly half of all gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients despite maximal acid suppression (proton pump inhibitor, PPI) therapy. Topical alginates have recently been shown to enhance mucosal defense against acid-pepsin insult during GERD. We aimed to examine potential alginate protection of transcriptomic changes in a cell culture model of PPI-recalcitrant GERD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a comprehensive examination of liquid mycotoxin reference standards. A total of 30 different standards were tested, each containing 10 samples of three distinct substances: Aflatoxin B1, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone. The standards were sourced from 10 different global market leading manufacturers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to help increase cancer detection compared with two-dimensional digital mammography (DM). However, it is unclear whether additional tumor detection will improve outcomes or lead to overdiagnosis of breast cancer. Purpose This study aimed to compare cancer types and stages over 3 years of DM screening and 10 years of DBT screening to determine the effect of DBT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We aimed to investigate the association of electrocardiogram (ECG) findings with outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.
Methods: This secondary analysis of the ISCHEMIA and ISCHEMIA-CKD trials divided patients with chronic coronary syndrome into two groups, those with a normal ECG tracing and abnormal ECG tracing. Repolarization abnormalities included ST-segment depression ≥ 0.
Background: Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is essential for refugee patients who have been relocated to the United States to prevent progression to active infection.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary team approach, embedded within a primary care clinic, to treatment of LTBI in newly resettled refugee patients compared with a local health department.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective chart review of newly resettled refugee patients 18-89 years old with a diagnosis of LTBI.
The LLAMA (Lyman Alpha Measurement Apparatus) pinhole camera diagnostic had previously been deployed on DIII-D to measure radial profiles of the Lyman-α (Ly-α) deuterium neutral line brightness across the plasma boundary in the lower chamber to infer neutral deuterium density and ionization rate profiles. This system has recently been upgraded with a new diagnostic head, named ALPACA, that also encloses two pinhole cameras and duplicates the LLAMA views in the upper chamber. Similar to LLAMA, ALPACA provides two times 20 lines of sight, viewing the plasma edge on the inboard and outboard sides with a radial resolution of ∼2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a substantial adverse effect of anticancer treatments. As such, the assessment of CIPN remains critically important in both research and clinic settings.
Objective: To compare the validity of various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) with neurophysiological and sensory functional measures as the optimal method of CIPN assessment.
Epilepsy is a widespread disease requiring long-term drug treatment. The aim of this study was to collect information on reported suspected adverse drug reactions (sADRs) of antiseizure medications (ASMs) and study their seriousness and outcomes in various system organ classifications (SOCs). We intended to compare old and new ASMs' ADRs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Intense androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) before radical prostatectomy (RP) produced favorable pathologic responses in approximately 20% of patients. The molecular reason for the low rate of response remains unclear. Lipid metabolism is known to influence androgen receptor signaling and ARPI efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In Canada, populations experiencing socioeconomic inequality have lower rates of access to screening and diagnosis and higher mortality rates than people from higher-income areas. Limited evidence exists concerning their experiences when living with advanced cancer. We explored how socioeconomic inequality shapes the experiences of patients with advanced cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) with BReast CAncer gene (BRCA) mutations benefit from targeted treatments (eg, olaparib). In addition, family members of affected patients have increased risk of hereditary cancers and benefit from early detection and prevention. International guidelines recommend genetic testing in mPCa; however, the value for money of testing patients with mPCa and cascade testing of blood-related family members has not been assessed.
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