Highest terrestrial He/He credibly from the core.

The observation that many lavas associated with mantle plumes have higher He/He ratios than the upper convecting mantle underpins geophysical, geodynamic and geochemical models of Earth's deep interior. High He/He ratios are thought to derive from the solar nebula or from solar-wind-irradiated material that became incorporated into Earth during early planetary accretion. Traditionally, this high-He/He component has been considered intrinsic to the mantle, having avoided outgassing caused by giant impacts and billions of years of mantle convection.

Fecal Enterobacteriales enrichment is associated with increased in vivo intestinal permeability in humans.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been linked with increased intestinal permeability, but the clinical significance of this phenomenon remains unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential link between glucose control, intestinal permeability, diet and intestinal microbiota in patients with T2D. Thirty-two males with well-controlled T2D and 30 age-matched male controls without diabetes were enrolled in a case-control study.

Host-microbiome interactions in human type 2 diabetes following prebiotic fibre (galacto-oligosaccharide) intake.

Aberrant microbiota composition and function have been linked to several pathologies, including type 2 diabetes. In animal models, prebiotics induce favourable changes in the intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability (IP) and endotoxaemia, which are linked to concurrent improvement in glucose tolerance. This is the first study to investigate the link between IP, glucose tolerance and intestinal bacteria in human type 2 diabetes.

Potency and Stability of Intradermal Capsaicin: Implications for Use as a Human Model of Pain in Multicenter Clinical Trials.

Intradermally injected capsaicin has been used extensively both as a human pain model and to assess analgesic efficacy. Factors such as dose, formulation, route, and site are known to affect its sensitivity. We determined whether potency and stability of capsaicin solutions were further sources of variability when following strict manufacturing guidelines.

Increased intestinal permeability to oral chromium (51 Cr) -EDTA in human Type 2 diabetes.

Objective: In animal models of obesity and Type 2 diabetes, permeability of the intestine is increased because of impairment of tight junction proteins, allowing translocation of bacterial endotoxin and resulting in low-grade systemic inflammation. This has yet to be demonstrated in humans. The objective of this study was the demonstration of increased intestinal permeability in human Type 2 diabetes.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) effects on endometrial carcinoma in vitro proliferation, invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase activity.

Objectives: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has potent growth-regulatory effect in many cell types and has been linked to the in vivo tumor growth and metastasis in several malignancies. The goal of this study was to assess the regulation of (EC) microenvironment by LPA through the examination of its effect on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, uPA activity, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion/activation.

Methods: All experiments were performed in vitro using an EC cell line, HEC-1A.

A targeted liposome delivery system for combretastatin A4: formulation optimization through drug loading and in vitro release studies.

Efficient liposomal therapeutics require high drug loading and low leakage. The objective of this study is to develop a targeted liposome delivery system for combretastatin A4 (CA4), a novel antivascular agent, with high loading and stable drug encapsulation. Liposomes composed of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), cholesterol, and distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-PEG-2000 conjugate (DSPE-PEG) were prepared by the lipid film hydration and extrusion process.

Nursing attitudes and beliefs in pain assessment and management.

Aims: This paper reports a study to determine nurses' attitudes towards pain assessment tools and the relationship of these attitudes to education and experience.

Background: The issue of pain management is of interest to caregivers nationally and internationally. For example, in the United States of America, the National Health and Medical Research Council set guidelines to assist clinicians in pain management.

Full-thickness diaphragmatic resection for stage IV ovarian carcinoma using the EndoGIA stapling device followed by diaphragmatic reconstruction using a Gore-tex graft: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Previous studies have reported the results of full-thickness diaphragmatic resection for ovarian cancer metastatic to the diaphragm.

Case: : We present the first case of an extensive full-thickness diaphragmatic resection performed using the EndoGIA [US Surgical Corp., Norwalk, CT] staple device followed by successful reconstruction using a Gore-tex (W.

Isolation and characterization of a novel yellow pigment from human and primate tissue.

A novel lipophilic yellow pigment has been isolated from human and primate tissue. Field-desorption mass spectrometry suggests a molecular ion of mass 645-700, and electron-impact mass spectrometry gives a major fragment ion at 603.5348, which is consistent with the elemental composition C37H69N3O3.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: the diagnosis by segmental lavage.

Histologic findings from segmental lavage material via the fiberoptic bronchoscope were evaluated as a means of diagnosing pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Active cases of alveolar proteinosis yielded grossly opaque and/or milky effluents. The unique histologic findings in alveolar proteinosis included: (1) very few alveolar macrophages (2) large acellular eosinophilic bodies in a diffuse background of eosinophilic granules, and (3) periodic acid-Schiff staining of the proteinaceous material with a lack of significant alcian blue staining.

The influence of chlordimeform on calcium and glucose homeostasis.

The effects of single and repeated administration of chlordimeform on calcium and glucose homeostasis were examined in the rat. A single injection of chlordimeform (100 mg/kg, i.p.

A suggested current literature and reference library for respiratory and chest physical therapists.

Because of the lack of a source listing comprehensive literature for individual specialties, a thorough search was made of the available monographs and journals of value to both the respiratory therapist and the chest physical therapist. The items reviewed included three published lists of recommended books and journals, reference tools listing books currently in print, National Library of Medicine computerized literature searches of the data bases CATLINE and SERLINE, sources of forthcoming books, and an abstracting service that lists books currently being published. This list would be of value to the interested individual or library wishing to build a literature collection on respiratory and chest physical therapy.