Nucleic acid sensing promotes inflammatory monocyte migration through biased coagulation factor VIIa signaling.

Protease activated receptors (PARs) are cleaved by coagulation proteases and thereby connect hemostasis with innate immune responses. Signaling of the tissue factor (TF) complex with factor VIIa (FVIIa) via PAR2 stimulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and cancer cell migration, but functions of cell autonomous TF-FVIIa signaling in immune cells are unknown. Here, we show that myeloid cell expression of FVII but not of FX is crucial for inflammatory cell recruitment to the alveolar space after challenge with the double-stranded viral RNA mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C)].

CRL1505 Peptidoglycan Modulates the Inflammation-Coagulation Response Triggered by Poly(I:C) in the Respiratory Tract.

CRL1505 beneficially modulates the inflammation-coagulation response during respiratory viral infections. This study evaluated the capacity of the peptidoglycan obtained from the CRL1505 strain (PG-Lr1505) to modulate the immuno-coagulative response triggered by the viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern poly(I:C) in the respiratory tract. Adult BALB/c mice were nasally treated with PG-Lr1505 for two days.

Lactobacillus casei CRL431 modulates hemostatic activation induced by protein malnourishment and pneumococcal respiratory infection.

Previously, we demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei CRL431, a well-known immunomodulatory bacterium, beneficially regulates coagulation activation, fibrin formation in lung, and the pro-inflammatory state induced by protein malnourishment and pneumococcal infection. In this study, we deepen in the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory activity of L. casei CRL431 during a nutritional repletion process by evaluating (a) platelet and endothelial activation, (b) tissue factor (TF) expression, and (c) protease-activated receptor (PAR) activation in an experimental bacterial respiratory infection model in malnourished mice.

Nasal immunization with recombinant chimeric pneumococcal protein and cell wall from immunobiotic bacteria improve resistance of infant mice to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.

Respiratory tract infections and invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in high-risk groups are a major global health problem. Available human vaccines have reduced immunogenicity and low immunological memory in these populations, as well as high cost as a public health strategy in poor communities. In addition, no single pneumococcal protein antigen has been able to elicit protection comparable to that achieved using protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines.

Peptidoglycan from Immunobiotic Improves Resistance of Infant Mice to Respiratory Syncytial Viral Infection and Secondary Pneumococcal Pneumonia.

Several research works have demonstrated that beneficial microbes with the capacity to modulate the mucosal immune system (immunobiotics) are an interesting alternative to improve the outcome of bacterial and viral respiratory infections. Among the immunobiotic strains with the capacity to beneficially modulate respiratory immunity, CRL1505 has outstanding properties. Although we have significantly advanced in demonstrating the capacity of CRL1505 to improve resistance against respiratory infections as well as in the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its beneficial activities, the potential protective ability of this strain or its immunomodulatory cellular fractions in the context of a secondary bacterial pneumonia has not been addressed before.

Respiratory Antiviral Immunity and Immunobiotics: Beneficial Effects on Inflammation-Coagulation Interaction during Influenza Virus Infection.

Influenza virus (IFV) is a major respiratory pathogen of global importance, and the cause of a high degree of morbidity and mortality, especially in high-risk populations such as infants, elderly, and immunocompromised hosts. Given its high capacity to change antigenically, acquired immunity is often not effective to limit IFV infection and therefore vaccination must be constantly redesigned to achieve effective protection. Improvement of respiratory and systemic innate immune mechanisms has been proposed to reduce the incidence and severity of IFV disease.

Immunobiotic Lactobacillus strains reduce small intestinal injury induced by intraepithelial lymphocytes after Toll-like receptor 3 activation.

Objective: Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) play critical roles in disrupting epithelial homeostasis after Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 activation with genomic rotavirus dsRNA or the synthetic dsRNA analog poly(I:C). The capacity of immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 (Lr1505) or Lactobacillus plantarum CRL1506 (Lp1506) to beneficially modulate IELs response after TLR3 activation was investigated in vivo using a mice model.

Results: Intraperitoneal administration of poly(I:C) induced inflammatory-mediated intestinal tissue damage through the increase of inflammatory cells (CD3(+)NK1.

Nasal priming with immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus modulates inflammation-coagulation interactions and reduces influenza virus-associated pulmonary damage.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the nasal administration of live and heat-killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 (Lr1505) on immune-coagulative response during influenza virus (IFV) infection to improve survival and reduce lung injury.

Methods: Six-week-old BALB/c mice were treated with live or heat-killed Lr1505 by the nasal route during two consecutive days. Treated and untreated control mice were then nasally challenged with IFV.

Soluble factors from Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1098 have anti-inflammatory effects in acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice.

We have previously demonstrated that Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors were able to reduce TNF-α production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The aims of this study were to determine whether L. reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors were able to modulate in vitro the inflammatory response triggered by LPS in murine macrophages, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory effect, and to evaluate in vivo its capacity to exert anti-inflammatory actions in acute lung injury induced by LPS in mice.

Modulation of the inflammation-coagulation interaction during pneumococcal pneumonia by immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505: role of Toll-like receptor 2.

The present study evaluated the effect of nasally given Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 on the immunocoagulative response during pneumococcal infection in immunocompetent mice. In addition, we aimed to gain insight into the mechanism involved in the immunomodulatory effect of the L. rhamnosus CRL1505 strain by evaluating the role of TLR2.

Effect of human milk on blood and bone marrow cells in a malnourished mice model; comparative study with cow milk.

Introduction: It has been demonstrated that the alterations caused by nutrient deficiency can be reverted by adequate nutritional repletion.

Objective: To perform comparative studies between human and cow milks in order to evaluate the impact of both milks on the recovery of blood and bone marrow cells affected in malnourished mice.

Method: Weaned mice were malnourished after consuming a protein free diet for 21 days.

Immunobiotic lactobacilli reduce viral-associated pulmonary damage through the modulation of inflammation-coagulation interactions.

The exacerbated disease due to immune- and coagulative-mediated pulmonary injury during acute respiratory viruses infection results in severe morbidity and mortality. Identifying novel approaches to modulate virus-induced inflammation-coagulation interactions could be important alternatives for treating acute respiratory viruses infections. In this study we investigated the effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 on lung TLR3-mediated inflammation, and its ability to modulate inflammation-coagulation interaction during respiratory viral infection.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 beneficially modulates the immuno-coagulative response after pneumococcal infection in immunocompromised malnourished mice.

This work evaluated the effect of orally or nasally administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 on the resistance of immunocompromised protein-malnourished mice to pneumococcal infection. In particular, we aimed to gain knowledge of the mechanism involved in the immunomodulatory effect of L. rhamnosus CRL1505 in malnourished hosts by evaluating its impact on the immuno-coagulative response.

Nasally administered Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains differentially modulate respiratory antiviral immune responses and induce protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background: Some studies have shown that nasally administered immunobiotics had the potential to improve the outcome of influenza virus infection. However, the capacity of immunobiotics to improve protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was not investigated before.

Objective: The aims of this study were: a) to evaluate whether the nasal administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 (Lr05) and L.

Modulation of the immuno-coagulative response in a pneumococcal infection in malnourished mice nasally treated with Lactobacillus casei.

We studied the systemic effects of the intranasal administration of Lactobacillus casei on the immuno-coagulative response in pneumoccocal infection in immunocompromised mice. Weaned mice consumed a protein-free diet (PFD) for 21 days and were therefore malnourished. Malnourished mice were fed a balanced conventional diet (BCD) for 7 days (BCD group) or a BCD for 7 days with nasal administration of viable L.

Inflammation-hemostasis relationship in infected malnourished mice: modulatory effect of Lactobacillus casei CRL 431.

Objective And Design: The coagulation system is considered part of the defense machinery, but its excessive activation can lead to additional damage. We studied the effects of oral administration of Lactobacillus casei CRL 431--a probiotic bacterium--on the activation of coagulation and the relationship with inflammatory parameters during a respiratory infection in malnourished mice.

Materials And Methods: Malnourished Swiss albino mice were nourished with a balanced commercial diet (BCD) for 7 days or BCD with L.

Coagulation activation in an experimental pneumonia model in malnourished mice.

Malnutrition induces a decrease in immunity that affects the ability of the organism to deal with an infectious challenge. The clotting system is considered a branch of immunity and its activation is important in the pathogenesis of an infectious disease. This work was conducted to determine coagulation modifications in malnourished hosts before and during infection.

Lactobacillus casei modulates the inflammation-coagulation interaction in a pneumococcal pneumonia experimental model.

Background: We have previously demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 administration improved the resistance to pneumococcal infection in a mouse model.

Methods: This study examined the effects of the oral administration of Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 (L. casei) on the activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems as well as their inhibitors during a Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice.

Lactobacillus casei: influence on the innate immune response and haemostatic alterations in a liver-injury model.

Unlabelled: Lactobacilllus casei CRL 431 has the ability to modulate the local and systemic immune responses, which are significantly involved in liver injury caused by hepatotoxins. This work was conducted to determine whether L. casei has a preventive effect on the hepatic damage undergone during an acute liver injury (ALI).

Yogurt: effect on leukocytes and blood coagulation in an acute liver injury model.

This study determined whether cow or goat yogurt administration has a preventive effect on the hepatic damage undergone during an acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of d-galactosamine. Groups of mice were fed with cow or goat yogurt for 2 days or 7 days before the d-galactosamine injection.