Psychological resilience and intolerance of uncertainty in coping with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Anxiety and depression are lower than to be expected in a considerable portion of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This outcome might be a result of substantial resilience and/or tolerance of uncertainty in coping with adversity. Research into resilience in cystic fibrosis is in its infancy.

[Depressives have the better view - the influence of mood on the recognition of emotional expression].

Objectives: There are different approaches to whether depressed people perceive their environment differently than nondepressed.We analyzed whether depressed patients show greater deficits in decoding emotional expressions than nondepressives.

Methods: A sample of 52 depressed patients and a sample of 72 nondepressed persons were investigated as to their ability to identify emotionally laden facial expressions (computer-assisted presentation of photos).

[Officer in charge, that unknown being - an explorative, qualitative study of unconscious fears, wishes, and defense mechanisms].

Objectives: The stress and coping strategies found among emergency relief personnel have been studied in detail but without considering their function in the team. However, specifically officers in charge have to be addressed and investigated separately. This study focuses on the unconscious desires, fears, and defense mechanisms present in order to improve our understanding of the stress experienced during operations.

[Changes in self-referent emotions during inpatient psychotherapy: the role of mindfulness and acceptance].

Objectives: Current theoretical and clinical approaches conceive the avoidance and acceptance of emotions as critical factors in the maintenance and alleviation of psychological problems. This study investigates the role of mindfulness, experiential avoidance (EA), and positive and negative meta-emotions (emotional reactions towards the emotional self) on the symptoms and psychological well-being of inpatients.

Method: Changes of mindfulness measured during a 6-week stay at a psychosomatic clinic were explored in a sample of 293 inpatients with diverse psychological problems.

[The clinical relevance of defense mechanisms in inpatients and outpatients].

Objectives: How clearcut is the clinical significance of mature and immature defense mechanisms in psychological symptoms?

Methods: Defense mechanisms, symptoms and well-being were assessed in 293 inpatients, 316 outpatients and 157 students.

Results: The factors "mature defense" and "immature defense" predict well-being/symptoms to a substantial degree.

Discussion: The assessment of defense mechanism via self-report is clinically useful.

[Treatment outcome of psychodynamic trauma therapy in an inpatient setting].

Objective: Chronic traumatization with the beginning in childhood may result in a number of additional problems not included in the diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The efficacy of a three-stage psychodynamically oriented inpatient treatment program (PITT) and the role of chronic childhood threat on treatment outcome was investigated.

Methods: A six-week treatment group of 84 inpatients were compared with 43 wait-list controls with "treatment as usual" (outpatient psychotherapy or psychiatric treatment in the meanwhile).