Paid- and family-carers' views on supporting women with intellectual disability through breast screening.

The cancer needs of people with intellectual disabilities are increasingly being debated. This paper explores the views and experiences of paid- and family-carers when supporting women with intellectual disabilities through breast screening. An ethnographic approach was drawn on and purposive sampling methods were employed.

Towards a values-based person specification for recruitment of compassionate nursing and midwifery candidates: a study of registered and student nurses' and midwives' perceptions of prerequisite attributes and key skills.

Selection and retention of preregistration nursing and midwifery students are issues that exercise educators, universities and commissioning bodies both nationally and internationally. It has recently become an expectation that a values-based approach is used within recruitment and selection activities in the UK. The desirability of a person specification to support transparent recruitment and selection is well recognised.

Care and compassion: the experiences of newly qualified staff nurses.

Aims And Objectives: To explore newly qualified staff nurses' perceptions of compassionate care and factors that facilitate and inhibit its delivery.

Background: It is known that the transition from student to staff nurse is challenging due to a variety of factors including increased expectations of competence, inadequate staffing levels and eclectic support.

Methods: A qualitative approach was taken.

A review of the literature relating to psychological interventions and people with intellectual disabilities: issues for research, policy, education and clinical practice.

The aim of this review is to identify and analyse the published evidence base and wider literature in relation to psychological interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities. The review suggests that the evidence base regarding psychological interventions is sparse yet growing, and if the therapeutic approaches are modified and adapted to meet the distinct needs of people with intellectual disabilities these may be life enhancing. The lack of access to psychotherapies for people with intellectual disabilities has led to their exclusion from mainstream research, thereby limiting the evidence base on effective interventions and treatment approaches.

A pilot study to assess if urine specific gravity and urine colour charts are useful indicators of dehydration in acute stroke patients.

Aim: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine whether urine specific gravity and urine colour could provide an early warning of dehydration in stroke patients compared with standard blood indicators of hydration status.

Background: Dehydration after stroke has been associated with increased blood viscosity, venous thrombo-embolism and stroke mortality at 3-months. Earlier identification of dehydration might allow us to intervene to prevent significant dehydration developing or reduce its duration to improve patient outcomes.

The isolating and insulating effects of hepatitis C: a substantive grounded theory.

Hepatitis C has a global prevalence of 3%, causing chronic infection in 75% of cases, and is currently the main cause of liver transplant in the United Kingdom. This study reviewed patients' and service providers' perspectives on hepatitis C as an enduring condition, using a constructivist grounded theory approach. A constant comparative approach to data collection and analyses incorporating a coding paradigm was applied to semistructured interviews, focus groups, and memos.

Stroke research questions: a nursing perspective.

Background: stroke is a national research priority. However, in the literature there is still minimal systematic investigation of stroke nursing - especially practice. The aim of this study was to explore stroke nurses' research priorities through a series of focus groups.

How, and when, can I restrain a patient?

The need to restrain service users will vary according to the area of practice within which practitioners are employed. Many of the principles that relate to the issue of restraining service users are, however, applicable to all, or most, health and social care settings. While the emphasis should be on pre-emptive action, wherever possible, in order to prevent the need to restrain, there are some occasions on which the risks to the service user, or others, of inaction may outweigh those of taking action.

The ethical implications and legal aspects of patient restraint.

Restraint can be applied in a physical way, via medication or by more subtle means. An attempt by an individual to restrain another is legally justifiable in limited situations, for example to prevent a person committing a crime. In other circumstances, restraint is unjustifiable.

Evaluation of qualitative research.

It is necessary to subject published research to critical scrutiny, in order to evaluate the robustness of the findings. The criteria used in evaluation require to be appropriate for the research paradigm, i.e.

Adenomyomatous polyp of the stomach.

An unusual and rare benigh tumor of the distal antrum is described with radiologic and photomicrographic illustrations. Often confused with leiomyomas or pancreatic rests, the diagnosis has been made only at operation. With the newer technics that are now available, such as snare cautery or large-particle endoscopic biopsy, surgery may be avoided.