Metabolic Brain PET Connectivity.

This review examines the role of metabolic connectivity based on fluorodeoxyglucose-PET in understanding brain network organization across neurologic disorders, with a focus on neurodegenerative diseases. The article explores key methodologies for metabolic connectivity study and highlights altered connectivity patterns in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, frontotemporal dementia, and other conditions. It also discusses emerging applications, including single-subject analyses and brain-organ interactions.

Brain PET Imaging in the Presurgical Evaluation of Drug-Resistant Focal Epilepsy.

Presurgical evaluation aims to localize the seizure onset zone (SOZ) for a tailored resection. Interictal [F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET is now an established test to lateralize and/or localize the SOZ, particularly if MR imaging is negative or if the noninvasive assessment shows discrepancies. PET can show hypometabolic areas associated with SOZ and the potential altered metabolic brain networks.

18F-FDG brain PET: a metabolic predictive factor for gait improvement after cerebrospinal fluid shunting in normal pressure hydrocephalus?

Background: The pathophysiology of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) has not been fully elucidated. Treating NPH with cerebrospinal fluid shunts to improve gait disturbances may have some risks and inconsistent benefits. No clear predictive factor has been identified thus far.

RING1 missense variants reveal sensitivity of DNA damage repair to H2A monoubiquitination dosage during neurogenesis.

Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) modifies chromatin through catalysis of histone H2A lysine 119 monoubiquitination (H2AK119ub1). RING1 and RNF2 interchangeably serve as the catalytic subunit within PRC1. Pathogenic missense variants in PRC1 core components reveal functions of these proteins that are obscured in knockout models.

[Geriatric failure to thrive: between illusory diagnosis and clinical reality].

The geriatric failure to thrive, a controversial French concept not present in the international literature, was first characterized by Jean Carrié in 1956. It is described as a process of aging and physical and psychological decline associated with advanced age, manifesting as a pronounced overall deterioration. In this case report, we present the case of an 88-year-old patient, admitted to a general medicine service for geriatric failure to thrive, whose management eventually leads to the diagnosis of endocarditis with digestive cancer complicated by a characterized depressive episode.

[Geriatric failure to thrive: between illusory diagnosis and clinical reality].

The geriatric failure to thrive, a controversial French concept not present in the international literature, was first characterized by Jean Carrié in 1956. It is described as a process of aging and physical and psychological decline associated with advanced age, manifesting as a pronounced overall deterioration. In this case report, we present the case of an 88-year-old patient, admitted to a general medicine service for geriatric failure to thrive, whose management eventually leads to the diagnosis of endocarditis with digestive cancer complicated by a characterized depressive episode.

Persistent brain metabolic impairment in long COVID patients with persistent clinical symptoms: a nine-month follow-up [F]FDG-PET study.

Purpose: A hypometabolic profile involving the limbic areas, brainstem and cerebellum has been identified in long COVID patients using [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET. This study was conducted to evaluate possible recovery of brain metabolism during the follow-up of patients with prolonged symptoms.

Methods: Fifty-six adults with long COVID who underwent two brain [F]FDG-PET scans in our department between May 2020 and October 2022 were retrospectively analysed, and compared to 51 healthy subjects.

Molecular Imaging in CANVAS: A Contribution for Differential Diagnosis?

Background: Phenotypes of CANVAS are increasingly diversified, including bradykinesia and dysautonomia, so that its primary differential diagnoses are multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-c), and spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3). This case series aims to highlight key molecular imaging findings in CANVAS.

Cases: We report a case series of six patients with CANVAS who underwent nuclear medicine examinations in our center and 13 patients from the literature.

Peptide radionuclide radiation therapy with Lutathera in multirecurrent nonanaplastic meningiomas: antitumoral activity study by growth rate analysis.

Purpose: Several retrospective studies and meta-analyses of Peptide Radionuclide Radiation Therapy in meningiomas suggest six-month progression-free survival improvement for WHO grade 1 and 2 meningiomas. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of such treatment on three-dimensional volume growth rate (3DVGR) in nonanaplastic meningiomas.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective study including eight patients treated with Lutathera®.

Optic Nerve Sheath Meningiomas: Solving Diagnostic Challenges with Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT.

Ga-DOTATOC PET could be a noninvasive, highly sensitive, and specific technique for the challenging diagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningioma (ONSM). Our objective was to report the use and results of Ga-DOTATOC PET in suspected ONSM. Twelve subjects who underwent Ga-DOTATOC PET for suspected ONSM in our department were retrospectively included.

Innovative treatments for meningiomas.

Multi-recurrent high-grade meningiomas remain an unmet medical need in neuro-oncology when iterative surgeries and radiation therapy sessions fail to control tumor growth. Nevertheless, the last 10years have been marked by multiple advances in the comprehension of meningioma tumorigenesis via the discovery of new driver mutations, the identification of activated intracellular signaling pathways, and DNA methylation analyses, providing multiple potential therapeutic targets. Today, Anti-VEGF and mTOR inhibitors are the most used and probably the most active drugs in aggressive meningiomas.

Contribution of nuclear medicine to the diagnosis and management of primary brain tumours.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful tool that can help physicians manage primary brain tumours at diagnosis and follow-up. In this context, PET imaging is used with three main types of radiotracers: F-FDG, amino acid radiotracers, and Ga conjugated to somatostatin receptor ligands (SSTRs). At initial diagnosis, F-FDG helps to characterize primary central nervous system (PCNS) lymphomas and high-grade gliomas, amino acid radiotracers are indicated for gliomas, and SSTR PET ligands are indicated for meningiomas.

Regional brain glucose metabolism is differentially affected by ketogenic diet: a human semiquantitative positron emission tomography.

Purpose: Ketogenic diet (KD) is recommended to avoid intense [F]FDG myocardial physiologic uptake in PET imaging. Neuroprotective and anti-seizure effects of KD have been suggested, but their mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This [F]FDG PET study aims to evaluate the effect of KD on glucose brain metabolism.

Somatostatin Receptor Theranostics for Refractory Meningiomas.

Somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) represents a promising approach for treatment-refractory meningiomas progressing after surgery and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to provide outcomes of patients harboring refractory meningiomas treated by 177Lu-DOTATATE and an overall analysis of progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS-6) of the same relevant studies in the literature. Eight patients with recurrent and progressive WHO grade II meningiomas were treated after multimodal pretreatment with 177Lu-DOTATATE between 2019 and 2022.

Establishing construct validity of neuropsychological tests in cancer survivors.

Objective: Cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) are frequently reported among cancer survivors, and attention is the most frequently assessed cognitive domain in CRCI. However, there is no consensus as to whether attention is impaired. We suggest that a major reason for this lack of agreement is a lack of construct validity for neuropsychological attention tests.

Advancing Research on Medical Image Perception by Strengthening Multidisciplinary Collaboration.

Medical image interpretation is central to detecting, diagnosing, and staging cancer and many other disorders. At a time when medical imaging is being transformed by digital technologies and artificial intelligence, understanding the basic perceptual and cognitive processes underlying medical image interpretation is vital for increasing diagnosticians' accuracy and performance, improving patient outcomes, and reducing diagnostician burnout. Medical image perception remains substantially understudied.

Correlation between fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography brain hypometabolism and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in temporal lobe epilepsy.

The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and focal epilepsy is poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that there is a complex and reciprocal potential reinforcement of the symptoms of each condition. In this study, we investigated whether there are PTSD-specific brain changes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).

Molecular imaging in Parkinsonism: The essential for clinical practice and future perspectives.

Nuclear medicine with positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) develops powerful tools in molecular imaging to help clinicians in the challenging diagnosis of parkinsonism. These techniques can provide biomarkers for neurodegenerative parkinsonism and to distinguish Parkinson disease (PD) from atypical parkinsonism. This review summarizes the main SPECT and PET contributions to the diagnosis of parkinsonism.

The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on brain metabolism.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of French national lockdown of 55 days on brain metabolism of patients with neurological disorders. Whole-brain voxel-based PET analysis was used to correlate F-FDG metabolism to the number of days after March 17, 2020 (in 95 patients; mean age: 54.3 years ± 15.