Pelvic Incidence Affects Age-adjusted Alignment Outcomes in a Population of Adult Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: A single-center retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of patient height and pelvic incidence (PI) on age-adjusted alignment outcomes of surgical adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Patient height and PI have yet to be evaluated for their individual effects on achieving age-adjusted alignment targets.

Epidemiology of liver metastases.

Aims: The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the epidemiology of liver metastases at the time of primary cancer diagnosis (synchronous liver metastases), (2) characterize the incidence trends of synchronous liver metastases from 2010-2015 and (3) assess survival of patients with synchronous liver metastases.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015 was queried to obtain cases of patients with liver metastases at the time of primary cancer diagnosis. The primary cancers with an incidence rate of liver metastasis >0.

Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament in Cervical Spine Cases Trends in Surgical Treatments and Outcomes in the US from 2005 to 2013.

Background: Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is characterized by ectopic bone formation within the ligament and can elicit cervical spinal canal stenosis. Surgical treatment for OPLL is debated in the literature. This study examined nationwide data to estimate the prevalence of cervical OPLL (C-OPLL) and investigated trends in surgical treatment and outcomes.

Continuous rhPTH (1-34) treatment in chronic hypoparathyroidism.

Summary: Standard treatment of hypoparathyroidism consists of supplementation of calcium and vitamin D analogues, which does not fully restore calcium homeostasis. In some patients, hypoparathyroidism is refractory to standard treatment with persistent low serum calcium levels and associated clinical complications. Here, we report on three patients (58-year-old male, 52-year-old female, and 48-year-old female) suffering from severe treatment-refractory postsurgical hypoparathyroidism.

ODI Cannot Account for All Variation in PROMIS Scores in Patients With Thoracolumbar Disorders.

Study Design: Retrospective review of single institution.

Objective: To assess the relationship between Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores in thoracolumbar patients.

Methods: Included: Patients ≥18 years with a thoracolumbar spine condition (spinal stenosis, disc herniation, low back pain, disc degeneration, spondylolysis).

Targeting the innate immunoreceptor RIG-I overcomes melanoma-intrinsic resistance to T cell immunotherapy.

Understanding tumor resistance to T cell immunotherapies is critical to improve patient outcomes. Our study revealed a role for transcriptional suppression of the tumor-intrinsic HLA class I (HLA-I) antigen processing and presentation machinery (APM) in therapy resistance. Low HLA-I APM mRNA levels in melanoma metastases before immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) correlated with nonresponsiveness to therapy and poor clinical outcome.

Mitigating the Effects of a Pandemic: Facilitating Improved Nursing Home Care Delivery Through Technology.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been particularly challenging for nursing home staff and residents. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services regulation waivers are burdening staff and affecting how care is delivered. Residents are experiencing social isolation, which can result in physical and behavioral health issues, particularly for persons with dementia.

Insight Into the Movement Behaviors of Nursing Home Residents Living With Obesity: A Report of Two Cases.

Unlabelled: Obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) can have a profound influence on the likelihood of developing a pressure injury (PrI); little is known about the movement behaviors (movement frequency, body position frequency, and position duration) of obese individuals.

Purpose: This report examines 2 cases of obese nursing home residents and their movement behaviors in relation to their potential influence on overall PrI risk.

Methods: Resident movements were monitored 24 hours/day using a wearable sensor, and repositioning events were observed as part of a larger study examining repositioning intervals.

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for monitoring proteolytic reactions using dry-films treated with trifluoroacetic acid.

In this study we explore the potential of using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of trifluoroacetate-protein and peptide complexes for monitoring proteolytic reactions. The idea of treating dry-films of protein hydrolysates with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) prior to FTIR analysis is based on the unique properties of TFA. By adding a large excess of TFA to protein hydrolysate samples, the possible protonation sites of the proteins and peptides will be saturated.

Quantification of soluble recalcitrant compounds in commercial thermal hydrolysis digestates.

Solid residues such as primary sludge (PS), waste activated sludge (WAS), and food waste (FW) can be stabilized through anaerobic digestion (AD). Application of the thermal hydrolysis process (THP) prior to AD results in several benefits in AD and dewatering. However, soluble recalcitrant compounds associated with Maillard reactions have been identified after THP which can impact downstream processes and water discharge limits.

Epidemiology of synchronous brain metastases.

Background: The objectives of this study were to characterize (1) epidemiology of brain metastases at the time of primary cancer diagnosis, (2) incidence and trends of synchronous brain metastases from 2010 to 2015, and (3) overall survival (OS) of patients with synchronous brain metastases.

Methods: A total of 42 047 patients with synchronous brain metastases from 2010 to 2015 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Descriptive analysis was utilized to analyze demographics and incidence.

Hospital-acquired conditions occur more frequently in elective spine surgery than for other common elective surgical procedures.

Hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) have been the focus of recent initiatives by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in an effort to improve patient safety and outcomes. Spine surgery can be complex and may carry significant comorbidity burden, including so called "never events." The objective was to determine the rates of common HACs that occur within 30-days post-operatively for elective spine surgeries and compare them to other common surgical procedures.

Probability of severe frailty development among operative and nonoperative adult spinal deformity patients: an actuarial survivorship analysis over a 3-year period.

Background: Little is known of how frailty, a dynamic measure of physiological age, progresses relative to age or disability status. Operative treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD) may play a role in frailty remediation and maintenance.

Purpose: Compare frailty status, severe frailty development, and factors influencing severe frailty development among ASD patients undergoing operative or nonoperative treatment.

Long-term causes of death among pediatric patients with cancer.

Background: The objectives of this study were to characterize the risk of death (1) from the primary cancer vs competing cause of death; and (2) from various causes of death vs the general poplation. The relative risk of death after a pediatric cancer diagnosis versus the general population and the risk of death from a primary cancer diagnosis versus competing causes of death.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (1980-2015) and included patients aged 0 to 19 years at the time of diagnosis.

Incidence of Extravascular Perivertebral Artery Contrast Flow During Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Injections.

Background: During a cervical transforaminal epidural injection, injectate flows along the path of least resistance. Given the proximity of the vertebral artery to the intervertebral foramen, injected contrast may flow along the external wall of the artery. The incidence of this contrast flow pattern during cervical transforaminal epidural injections is unknown.

The Many Faces of Parkinson's Disease.

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Day-of-Injury Computed Tomography and Longitudinal Rehabilitation Outcomes: A Comparison of the Marshall and Rotterdam Computed Tomography Scoring Methods.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the relative predictive value of Marshall Classification System and Rotterdam scores on long-term rehabilitation outcomes. This study hypothesized that Rotterdam would outperform Marshall Classification System.

Design: The study used an observational cohort design with a consecutive sample of 88 participants (25 females, mean age = 42.

Bullied and Punished: Exploring the Links between Bullying and Discipline for Sexual and Gender Minority Youth.

This study investigated connections between sexual and gender minority youths' (SGMY) experiences with bullying victimization and their experiences with punishment. We interviewed 20 diverse adolescents (X = 18.45) about their experiences with bullying and school discipline.

Bariatric Surgery Population at Significantly Increased Risk of Spinal Disorders and Surgical Intervention Compared With Morbidly Obese Patients.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with acceleration of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases and functional impairment secondary to spinal disorders. Bariatric surgery (BS) is an increasingly common treatment for severe obesity but can affect bone and mineral metabolism. The effect of BS on degenerative spinal disorders is yet to be fully described.

Boundary Zonal Flow in Rotating Turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard Convection.

For rapidly rotating turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a slender cylindrical cell, experiments and direct numerical simulations reveal a boundary zonal flow (BZF) that replaces the classical large-scale circulation. The BZF is located near the vertical side wall and enables enhanced heat transport there. Although the azimuthal velocity of the BZF is cyclonic (in the rotating frame), the temperature is an anticyclonic traveling wave of mode one, whose signature is a bimodal temperature distribution near the radial boundary.

GNAQ and GNA11 mutant nonuveal melanoma: a subtype distinct from both cutaneous and uveal melanoma.

Background: GNAQ and GNA11 mutant nonuveal melanoma represent a poorly characterized rare subgroup of melanoma with a gene mutation profile similar to uveal melanoma.

Objectives: To characterize these tumours in terms of clinical behaviour and genetic characteristics.

Methods: Patients with nonuveal GNAQ/11 mutated melanoma were identified from the prospective multicentre tumour tissue registry ADOREG, Tissue Registry in Melanoma (TRIM) and additional cooperating skin cancer centres.

Production and characterization of yeasts grown on media composed of spruce-derived sugars and protein hydrolysates from chicken by-products.

Background: A possible future shortage of feed protein will force mankind to explore alternative protein sources that can replace conventional soymeal or fishmeal. Several large industrial organic side-streams could potentially be upgraded to feed protein using a fermentation process to generate single cell protein. Yeast is the most widely accepted microorganism for production of single cell protein, because of its superior nutritional quality and acceptability among consumers.