The emerging role of a Stroke Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) in Early Supported Discharged: Developing a pathway for stroke nursing for secondary prevention in the community. A scoping review protocol.

Background: Stroke represents a major source of mortality and morbidity globally. The role of a stroke Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) as an expert team member in early supported discharge (ESD) for stroke, is not well defined or described although it is well established in other models of after-hospital and out-reach specialist care in the community. A greater focus has been on patients receiving rehabilitation post-stroke, however there is a need for a more holistic approach to care which clinical nurse specialists can offer to patients as part of ESD.

Virulence Adaptation by Rice Planthoppers and Leafhoppers to Resistance Genes and Loci: A Review.

In recent decades, research on developing and deploying resistant rice has accelerated due to the availability of modern molecular tools and, in particular, advances in marker-assisted selection. However, progress in understanding virulence adaptation has been relatively slow. This review tracks patterns in virulence adaptation to resistance genes (particularly , , , and ) and examines the nature of virulence based on selection experiments, responses by virulent populations to differential rice varieties (i.

From Hospital to Home: Applying a Co-Design Approach to Determine the Key Components of an Intervention to Support Transition-To-Home After Stroke.

Background: People with stroke and their families face numerous challenges as they leave hospital to return home, often experiencing multifaceted unmet needs and feelings of abandonment. The essential elements of an intervention intended to support transition-to-home after stroke are unclear.

Objective: The aim of the project was to engage in a co-design process to identify the key components of a pragmatic intervention to inform a transition-to-home support pathway following stroke.

Origins of Susceptibility to Insect Herbivores in High-Yielding Hybrid and Inbred Rice Genotypes.

Several studies have reported higher damage from insect herbivores to hybrid compared to inbred (pure line) rice. We used a collection of 20 hybrid and 12 inbred genotypes from diverse origins to test the hypotheses that hybrid rice susceptibility is due to (a) the hybrid plant type and/or (b) rice phylogeny. We challenged the genotypes with (BPH), (WBPH) and (YSB) in greenhouse and screenhouse bioassays and monitored herbivores in field plots.

Experiences and preferences of people with stroke and caregivers, around supports provided at the transition from hospital to home: a qualitative descriptive study.

Background: Transitioning home from the structured hospital setting poses challenges for people with stroke (PWS) and their caregivers (CGs), as they navigate through complex uncertainties. There are gaps in our understanding of appropriate support interventions for managing the transition home. In this qualitative study, we explored the perspectives of PWS and their CGs regarding their support experiences and preferences during this period.

Contextual factors and intentional rounding in acute hospitals: understanding what works, for whom, in what settings: a realist synthesis protocol.

Background: This study aims to understand and explain the influence of contextual factors on the implementation of Intentional Rounding in acute hospitals using the realist synthesis methodology.Falls of hospital admitted patients are one of the most frequent concerns for patient safety in the acute hospital environment. The reasons why people fall are complex.

Heterosis for Interactions between Insect Herbivores and 3-Line Hybrid Rice under Low and High Soil Nitrogen Conditions.

Hybrid rice results from crossing a male-sterile line (the A line) with a pollen doner (the restorer or R line). In 3-line hybrid breeding systems, a fertile B line is also required to maintain A line populations. Heterosis is defined as a condition of traits whereby the hybrid exceeds the average of the parental lines.

Transitioning to home and beyond following stroke: a prospective cohort study of outcomes and needs.

Introduction: Understanding of the needs of people with stroke at hospital discharge and in the first six-months is limited. This study aim was to profile and document the needs of people with stroke at hospital discharge to home and thereafter.

Methods: A prospective cohort study recruiting individuals with stroke, from three hospitals, who transitioned home, either directly, through rehabilitation, or with early supported discharge teams.

Heterosis for Resistance to Insect Herbivores in a 3-Line Hybrid Rice System.

Three-line hybrid rice is produced by crossing male sterile (A line) rice with a fertility-restorer (R line). Fertile lines (B lines) are also required to maintain A line seed for breeding programs. We used a range of hybrids and their parental lines to assess the frequency and nature of heterosis for resistance to the whitebacked planthopper (), brown planthopper () and yellow stemborer ().

A scoping review protocol of the rehabilitation needs of people with brain tumours.

Background: Every year 480 people are diagnosed with a primary brain tumour in Ireland. Brain tumours can vary in type, location, treatment, and progression but neurological impairments are a consistent feature. Such neurological disability creates significant symptom burden that can seriously impact peoples' functional ability and quality of life.

Occupational therapists' assessment and reporting of functional cognition in stroke care.

Purpose: To investigate how functional cognition of people post-stroke is evaluated and reported by occupational therapists in Ireland. Functional cognition refers to the use and integration of cognitive skills for daily function.

Methods: This study used a qualitative design.

Priorities for developing stroke care in Ireland from the perspectives of stroke survivors, family carers and professionals involved in stroke care: A mixed methods study.

Introduction: Increasing numbers of people are living with stroke, due to population ageing and improved survival, leading to a need for evidence to inform future policy decision-making. This study aimed to engage with stakeholders in Ireland to identify priorities for stroke services development.

Methods: A sequential mixed methods design was used.

The Structure of Rice Stemborer Assemblages: A Review of Species' Distributions, Host Ranges, and Interspecific Interactions.

This review describes global rice stemborer assemblages based on published species distributions, apparent host preferences, and reported shifts in assemblage composition in response to environmental factors. At least 56 moth (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pyralidae, Noctuidae) and fly (Diptera: Diopsidae, Chloropidae) species have been associated with rice; however, only 21 species are of potential, large-scale economic importance with a further 2 species of localized concern; most of the remaining species' associations with rice are based on dubious records without economic impacts on rice production. A list of stemborer-host associations indicates that rice stemborers are largely oligophagous on grasses (Poaceae), but a few species are polyphagous (also attacking Cyperaceae, Typhaceae, and some Eudicotyledon plants).

Healthcare professionals' experiences of delivering a stroke Early Supported Discharge service - An example from Ireland.

Objective: To explore healthcare professionals' experiences of the development and delivery of Early Supported Discharge for people after stroke, including experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Qualitative descriptive study using one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Dung removal increases under higher dung beetle functional diversity regardless of grazing intensification.

Dung removal by macrofauna such as dung beetles is an important process for nutrient cycling in pasturelands. Intensification of farming practices generally reduces species and functional diversity of terrestrial invertebrates, which may negatively affect ecosystem services. Here, we investigate the effects of cattle-grazing intensification on dung removal by dung beetles in field experiments replicated in 38 pastures around the world.

Comprehensive geriatric assessment-where are we now, where do we need to be in the context of global ageing?

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the cornerstone of modern geriatric medicine and the framework around which conventional and new models of care for older people are developed. Whilst there are a substantial number of reviews synthesising the evidence on patient and service outcomes from CGA, as an intervention it remains poorly described. There is a lack of detail on how a CGA plan is coordinated, delivered and followed up, especially outside of acute care.

Diversified Rice Farms with Vegetable Plots and Flower Strips Are Associated with Fewer Pesticide Applications in the Philippines.

Ecological engineering is defined as the design of sustainable ecosystems for the benefit of both human society and the environment. In Southeast Asia, researchers have applied ecological engineering by diversifying farms using flower strips to restore regulatory services to rice ecosystems and thereby reduce herbivore-related yield losses and overall pesticide use. We conducted a survey of 302 rice farmers across four regions of the Philippines to assess their farm diversification practices and determine possible associations with pesticide use.

A prospective assessment of gait kinematics and related clinical examination measures in cerebral palsy crouch gait.

Background While prospectively assessed crouch gait in cerebral palsy (CP) does not necessarily progress, prospective changes in clinical examination measures have not been reported. This study prospectively examined the association between selected clinical examination variables and change in crouch gait in a cohort with bilateral CP. Methods Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of ambulant bilateral CP, knee flexion at mid-stance >19 and a minimum of two-years between gait analyses.

A qualitative evidence synthesis exploring people after stroke, family members, carers and healthcare professionals' experiences of early supported discharge (ESD) after stroke.

Objective: Early supported discharge (ESD) after stroke has been shown to generate significant cost savings and reduce both hospital length of stay, and long-term dependency. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesise qualitative studies of the experiences and views of ESD from the perspective of people after stroke, their family members, carers and healthcare professionals.

Method: A systematic search of eleven databases; CINAHL, PubMed Central, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Sage, Academic Search Complete, Directory of Open Access Journal, The Cochrane Library, PsycARTICLES and SCOPUS, was conducted from 1995 to January 2022.

Slowing virulence adaptation in Asian rice planthoppers through migration-based deployment of resistance genes.

Advances in molecular biology have accelerated rice breeding for resistance to Asian planthoppers. However, experience shows that planthoppers quickly adapt to resistance in tropical overwintering areas. With only limited sources available, the large-scale deployment of resistance genes can rapidly reduce the utility of these public goods.

"Older People Want to Be in Their Own Homes": A Service Evaluation of Patient and Carer Feedback after Pathfinder Responded to Their Emergency Calls.

Objective: Older people experience high rates of adverse outcomes following emergency department (ED) presentation. There is growing evidence to support alternative care pathways for certain types of emergency medical services (EMS) calls. Pathfinder is one such service and targets patients aged 65 years and over, whose presenting issues can be safely managed at home by immediate paramedic, occupational therapy, and/or physiotherapy interventions.

A phase III, multi-arm multi-stage covariate-adjusted response-adaptive randomized trial to determine optimal early mobility training after stroke (AVERT DOSE).

Rationale: The evidence base for acute post-stroke rehabilitation is inadequate and global guideline recommendations vary.

Aim: To define optimal early mobility intervention regimens for ischemic stroke patients of mild and moderate severity.

Hypotheses: Compared with a prespecified reference arm, the optimal dose regimen(s) will result in more participants experiencing little or no disability (mRS 0-2) at 3 months post-stroke (primary), fewer deaths at 3 months, fewer and less severe complications during the intervention period, faster recovery of unassisted walking, and better quality of life at 3 months (secondary).