Combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and serum CA 19-9 as a prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Traditionally, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) has been used as a key biomarker for pancreatic cancer and recently other biomarkers which reflect the systemic immune and inflammatory responses also have been explored as potential prognostic factors. The study aims to evaluate the significance of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum CA 19-9 as prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 153 consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer in Instituto Nacional de Cancerología from 2013 to 2018.

Clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer patients under 30 years of age.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second cause of cancer death in the world and is estimated to have been responsible for almost 935,000 deaths during 2020.

Objective: Describe clinicopathological features, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in CRC patients under 30 years.

Method: This is a retrospective cohort study in patients under 30 years diagnosed with CRC.

Latin American young patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: worst prognosis and outcomes.

Background: Incidence of young patients (aged 40 years or younger) diagnosed with gastric carcinoma has increased worldwide. Young GC diagnosis, have clinicopathological features that differ from elderly, and is correlated with bad prognosis factors. The purpose of this work is to describe the prevalence, clinic-pathological features, and prognosis of overall survival (OS) of young Latin-American patients with GC.

Impact of ileostomy in the adjuvant treatment and outcome of colon cancer.

Background: After tumor resection, a preventive diverting loop ileostomy creation is a routine surgical procedure to prevent anastomotic leakage and infections and to preclude secondary surgeries. Despite its benefits, several studies have proposed potential complications that extend the disease course by impairing the feasibility of adjuvant chemotherapy and adherence.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ileostomy complications on the adherence to adjuvant treatment and overall survival (OS) of colon cancer (CC) patients.

Progress in Metabolic Studies of Gastric Cancer and Therapeutic Implications.

Background: Worldwide, gastric cancer is ranked the fifth malignancy in incidence and the third malignancy in mortality. Gastric cancer causes an altered metabolism that can be therapeutically exploited.

Objective: The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the significant metabolic alterations caused by gastric cancer and propose a blockade.

Simultaneous expression of steroid sulfatase and androgen receptor reduced overall survival of patients with epithelial ovarian tumors.

Background: Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its early asymptomatic course and late-stage non-specific symptoms. This highlights the importance of researching the molecular mechanisms involved in ovarian carcinogenesis as well as the discovery of novel prognostic markers that could help improve the survival outcome of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the steroid sulfatase (STS) in 154 samples of primary ovarian tumors.

Clinically Relevant Response to Treatment with Olaparib in a Patient with Refractory Multidrug-Resistant Ovarian Cancer and Central Nervous System Involvement: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) continues to be highly lethal. Undoubtedly, the introduction of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors such as olaparib will alter this clinical picture. Phase III studies have already documented clinically relevant outcomes, particularly among patients with BRCA mutations and homologous recombination deficiency.

Expression of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 is associated to the presence of androgen receptor in epithelial ovarian tumors.

Background: The current study evaluated the metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in epithelial cells and the surrounding stroma in ovarian tumors and the association of MMPs with the histological subtypes, the clinical stage and the presence of steroid hormone receptors. Tumor samples were obtained from 88 patients undergoing surgical cytoreduction of primary ovarian tumors in Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, from México City. The formalin fixed and paraffin embedded samples were processed in order to demonstrate the presence of androgen receptor,estrogen receptor alpha, progesterone receptor, MMP-2,MMP-9 and collagen IV by immunohistochemistry and/or immunofluorescence.

Prognostic importance of lymph node ratio after resection of ampullary carcinomas.

Background: The prognosis of the lymph node ratio (LNR) in Vater's ampulla carcinomas (VACs) is recently studied. However, there are not enough data in several populations like Latin American people. Our aim is to demonstrate the prognosis significance of the LNR in this setting.

Role of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of gastric origin have a poor prognosis of life with an average survival of 1-3 months. Systemic chemotherapy has improved the survival of those patients with gastric metastatic cancer at 7-10 months. However, this benefit could not be reproduced in those patients with PC.

Medullary colonic carcinoma with microsatellite instability has lower survival compared with conventional colonic adenocarcinoma with microsatellite instability.

Introduction: Colorectal medullary carcinoma (MC) is a rare subtype of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA) with unclear prognostic significance. Microsatellite instable (MSI) colorectal carcinomas have demonstrated better prognosis in clinical stage II.

Aim: To analyze the survival and clinicopathological characteristics of MCs versus PDAs with MSI in clinical stage III.

Metastatic pheochromocytoma to liver without elevation of metanephrines and catecholamines.

Introduction: Malignant pheochromocytoma represents 10% of all patients with pheochromocytoma. Of these cases, only 5-9% presents without elevation of metanephrines and catecholamines.

Presentation Of Case: A 43-year-old female patient presented with an abdominal tumor.

High levels of pretreatment CA125 are associated to improved survival in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Serum levels of CA125 measured before any treatment have been evaluated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as a predictor of patient survival; however, results in survival index are controversial, as CA125 levels are influenced by several variables. Taking this into consideration, the present study evaluated the association of pretreatment levels of CA125 serum with the clinical stage, histology and differentiation grade of the tumor and the survival rate in a group of patients from an oncology referral center in Mexico, all of them diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma. This retrospective study consisted of 1009 patients with EOC, diagnosed between 2006 and 2013 at the National Cancerology Institute (Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-INCan), considering only those with CA125 measurements before any chemotherapy or surgical cytoreduction.

Primary retroperitoneal Merkel cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma that affects elderly patients and typically arises in sun-exposed skin. The disease is very rare and only few cases present with no apparent skin lesion. In the retroperitoneum there are only two cases reported in the literature.

Primary gastric hemangioblastoma: report of a case.

Capillary hemangioblastoma (CHB) is a benign, highly vascularized tumor that generally occurs in central nervous system either in the setting of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease or, more often, as a solitary sporadic lesion that is increasingly recognized in extraneural sites. We present the case of a 18 year-old man with abdominal pain, nausea and hematemesis, the endoscopy showed polypoid tumor bleeding of 5 cm in gastric antrum. The patients had not signs of VHL disease and was subjected to subtotal gastrectomy and referred to our institution.

Organ dysfunction in critically ill cancer patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

The aim of the present study was to observe the incidence of organ dysfunction and the intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes of critically ill cancer patients during the cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy post-operative period. The present study included 25 critically ill cancer patients admitted to the ICU of the National Cancer Institute (Mexico City, Mexico) between January 2007 and February 2013. The incidence of organ dysfunction was 68% and patients exhibiting ≤1 organ system dysfunction during ICU admittance remained in hospital for a significantly shorter period compared with patients who exhibited ≥2 organ system dysfunctions (12.

Intensive care unit admission after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Is it necessary?

Introduction. Cytoreductive surgery (CS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a new approach for peritoneal carcinomatosis. However, high rates of complications are associated with CS and HIPEC due to treatment complexity; that is why some patients need stabilization and surveillance for complications in the intensive care unit.

Gastric cancer in young people under 30 years of age: worse prognosis, or delay in diagnosis?

Background: Gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with nonspecific early symptoms. Its incidence and prognosis in young patients has shown considerable variability.

Purpose Of The Study: Our objective was to retrospectively study patients from our institution aged <30 years with gastric carcinoma.

Pelvic exenteration for colorectal cancer: oncologic outcome in 59 patients at a single institution.

Background: Pelvic exenteration (PE) continues to be the only curative option in selected patients with advanced or recurrent pelvic neoplasms. A current debate exists concerning the appropriate selection of patients for PE, with the most important factor being the absence of extrapelvic disease.

Aim: To evaluate the outcome of patients submitted to exenterative surgery.

Morbidity and mortality of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: national cancer institute, Mexico city, Mexico.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is generally considered a lethal disease, with a poor prognosis. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has emerged as a new approach for peritoneal surface disease. This study investigated the early experience with this combined modality treatment at a single institute.

[Third National Ovarian Consensus. 2011. Grupo de Investigación en Cáncer de Ovario y Tumores Ginecológicos de México "GICOM"].

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the third most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Most of cases it is of epithelial origin. At the present time there is not a standardized screening method, which makes difficult the early diagnosis.

Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and dacarbazine has no effect in recurrence-free survival of malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast treated at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología of Mexico. Twenty-eight patients with malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast enrolled in a observational study from January 1993 to December 2003 to receive four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin 65 mg/m(2) over 48 hours intravenous infusion and dacarbazine 960 mg/m(2) over 48 hours intravenous infusion (n = 17) versus observation (n = 11). All patients had surgical resection, and 38% had an axillary dissection.

[Open splenectomy: ten-year experience in an oncological referral center].

Background: Open splenectomy is a useful procedure for some diseases with splenomegaly >1500 g. We undertook this study to evaluate open splenectomy morbidity and mortality at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia in Mexico City.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical files of patients with benign and malignant hematological diseases, as well as other diseases, who underwent splenectomy from 1994 to 2005.