Long-term outcome, complications and disease progression in 23 dogs after placement of tracheal ring prostheses for treatment of extrathoracic tracheal collapse.

Objective: To report complications, long-term outcome, and disease progression in dogs with extrathoracic tracheal collapse treated by surgical placement of commercially available extraluminal rings.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Dogs (n = 23).

Blood gas analysis and cooximetry in retired racing Greyhounds.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin (Hb) in healthy retired racing Greyhounds via cooximetry, and to establish reference intervals for blood gases and cooximetry in this breed.

Design: Prospective clinical study.

Setting: University Teaching Hospital.

The role of CD4-dependent signaling in interleukin-16 induced c-Fos expression and facilitation of neurite outgrowth in cerebellar granule neurons.

Neuronal interleukin 16 (NIL-16) is the larger neural-specific splice variant of the interleukin-16 (IL16) gene and shows restricted expression to post-mitotic neurons of the mammalian hippocampus and cerebellum. Although the N-terminus of NIL-16 is unique to the neuronal variant, the C-terminus is identical to pro-IL-16, the IL-16 precursor expressed primarily in T-cells. IL-16 was originally described as a proinflammatory cytokine and has diverse immunoregulatory effects which involve signaling through CD4.