Refining Surveillance Guidelines after Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC). Surveillance guidelines vary after treatment. While patients are more likely to locally recur within 2 years of treatment, there remains a paucity of data on the benefit of frequent and long-term surveillance.

The effect of treatment package time on locally advanced oral cavity cancer outcomes.

Objective(s): To assess the influence of treatment package time (TPT) on overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) in oral cavity cancer (OCC) patients treated with surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) with or without concurrent chemotherapy (CHT).

Materials/methods: 354 adult OCC patients treated at a single, high-volume center between 2012-2022 with various pathologic risk features were included. TPT was defined as days from surgery to RT completion.

Analysis of the fecal metagenome in long-term survivors of pancreas cancer.

Background: The 5-year overall survival of pancreas adenocarcinoma (PCa) remains less than 10%. Clinical and tumor genomic characteristics have not differentiated PCa long-term survivors (LTSs) from unselected patients. Preclinical studies using fecal transplant experiments from LTSs of PCa have revealed delayed tumor growth through unknown mechanisms involving the fecal microbiota.

Patterns of Failure After Neoadjuvant Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy or Fractionated Chemoradiation in Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to compare outcomes of patients with borderline and resectable pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) versus fractionated chemoradiation.

Methods: Patients with borderline or resectable pancreatic cancer treated with neoadjuvant intent between November 2011 and December 2017 were reviewed. The SBRT volume/dose was 33 Gy in 5 fractions to gross tumor plus abutting vessel with or without 25 Gy in 5 fractions to pancreatic head/body and celiac/superior mesenteric artery.

Increased Pain Reporting by Head and Neck Cancer Patients at Radiation Oncology Consultation: A Quality-of-Life Analysis.

Objectives: Head and neck cancers (HNC) are associated with significant morbidity. Quality-of-life (QoL) analyses can assist with understanding subjective factors shaping the patient experience. Here, we assess for patient and/or tumor factors associated with increased pain reporting at the time of initial radiation oncology consultation at a single institution in 2015.

Pattern of Marginal Local Failure in a Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreas Cancer.

Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to prospectively evaluate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the neoadjuvant setting for resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen patients were enrolled from November 2014 to June 2017. Following 3 cycles of chemotherapy, SBRT was delivered to the tumor and abutting vessel and a 3 mm planning target volume (PTV) margin to 33 Gy (6.

Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling and dosing simulation of propofol maintenance anesthesia in severely obese adolescents.

Background: Optimal dosing of propofol to maintain appropriate anesthetic depth is challenging in severely obese (SO) adolescents. We previously reported that total body weight (TBW) is predictive of propofol clearance. This study was aimed at characterizing pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of propofol in SO adolescents, using bispectral index (BIS), and toward developing PK/PD model-based dosing guidelines.

Genetics of pain perception, COMT and postoperative pain management in children.

Background: Effective perioperative analgesia is lacking for children owing to interindividual variations and underdosing of opioids caused by fear of adverse effects. We investigated the role of COMT SNPs on postoperative pain management in children.

Methods: One hundred and forty nine children undergoing adenotonsillectomy were enrolled.

Maternal hypotension during fetoscopic surgery: incidence and its impact on fetal survival outcomes.

In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the incidence of intraoperative maternal hypotension during fetoscopic surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and to evaluate the impact of intraoperative hypotension on fetal survival. A total of 328 TTTS patients with recipient twin cardiomyopathy who underwent fetoscopic surgery under epidural anesthesia were included. The exposure of interest was maternal medical therapy with nifedipine for the treatment of fetal cardiomyopathy.

Codeine-related adverse drug reactions in children following tonsillectomy: a prospective study.

Objectives/hypothesis: To prospectively determine factors associated with codeine's adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at home in a large homogenous population of children undergoing outpatient tonsillectomy.

Study Design: Prospective, genotype blinded, observational study with a single group and repeated ADR measures documented by parents at home.

Methods: A total of 249 children 6 to 15 years of age scheduled for tonsillectomy were enrolled.

OCT1 genetic variants influence the pharmacokinetics of morphine in children.

Aim: Large interindividual variability in morphine disposition could contribute to unpredictable variability in morphine analgesia and adverse events. Caucasian children have more adverse effects and slower morphine clearance than African-American children. To study variations in intravenous morphine pharmacokinetics in children, we examined the influence of genetic polymorphisms in OCT1.

Evaluation of propofol anesthesia in morbidly obese children and adolescents.

Background: Poor characterization of propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the morbidly obese (MO) pediatric population poses dosing challenges. This study was conducted to evaluate propofol total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in this population.

Methods: After IRB approval, a prospective study was conducted in 20 MO children and adolescents undergoing laparoscopic surgery under clinically titrated propofol TIVA.

Morphine clearance in children: does race or genetics matter?

Objective: Interindividual variability in analgesic response and adverse effects of opioids because of narrow therapeutic indices are major clinical problems. Morphine is an opioid commonly used in children to manage perioperative pain. Al-though size and age often are considered primary covariates for morphine pharmacokinetic models, the impact of other factors important in personalizing care such as race and genetic variations on morphine disposition is not well documented.

Propofol Clearance in Morbidly Obese Children and Adolescents : Influence of Age and Body Size.

Background And Objective: Given the alarming increase in obesity among children undergoing surgery, the main aim of this study was to characterize propofol clearance in a cohort of morbidly obese children and adolescents in relation to their age and body weight characteristics.

Methods: A prospective pharmacokinetic study in morbidly obese children and adolescents undergoing elective surgery was conducted. Serial blood samples were collected and nonlinear mixed-effects modelling using NONMEM® was performed to characterize propofol pharmacokinetics with subsequent evaluation of age and body size descriptors.

Propofol clearance in morbidly obese children and adolescents: influence of age and body size.

Background And Objective: Given the alarming increase in obesity among children undergoing surgery, the main aim of this study was to characterize propofol clearance in a cohort of morbidly obese children and adolescents in relation to their age and body weight characteristics.

Methods: A prospective pharmacokinetic study in morbidly obese children and adolescents undergoing elective surgery was conducted. Serial blood samples were collected and nonlinear mixed-effects modelling using NONMEM(®) was performed to characterize propofol pharmacokinetics with subsequent evaluation of age and body size descriptors.

Race and unequal burden of perioperative pain and opioid related adverse effects in children.

Background: Interindividual variability in pain perception and analgesic response is a major problem in perioperative practice. Adult studies suggest pain management is influenced by patient's race. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of race on perioperative pain treatment in children.