Udder health, veterinary costs, and antibiotic usage in free stall compared with tie stall dairy housing systems: An optimized matching approach in Switzerland.

Observational studies are important in livestock science. As treatment is not assigned randomly in such studies, selection bias can be a problem. This is often addressed by matching methods.

Comparing the effect of positioning on cerebral autoregulation during radical prostatectomy: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Surgery in the prolonged extreme Trendelenburg position may lead to elevated intracranial pressure and compromise cerebral hemodynamic regulation. We hypothesized that robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with head-down tilt causes impairment of cerebral autoregulation compared with open retropubic radical prostatectomy in the supine position.

Methods: Patients scheduled for elective radical prostatectomy were included at a tertiary care prostate cancer clinic.

Postanesthesia care unit delirium following robot-assisted vs open retropubic radical prostatectomy: A prospective observational study.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of early postoperative delirium in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) between robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in the extreme Trendelenburg position and open retropubic radical prostatectomy (ORP) in supine position.

Methods: Patients were screened for delirium signs 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes following extubation.

Results: PACU delirium was present in 39.

Cutaneous disorders in the "bairro Inhamudima" of Beira, Mozambique.

Background: There are no reliable data on the prevalence of skin diseases in Mozambique.

Aim: To address this issue and to apply the findings to the dermatology teaching program at the Universidade Católica de Moçambique.

Methods: Medical students attempted to identify the most common skin disorders in the "bairro Inhamudima" of Beira, Mozambique by conducting a population survey.

Induction of eruptive benign melanocytic naevi by immune suppressive agents, including biologicals.

Background: Eruptive naevi have been described to potentially arise in immune compromised patients.

Objectives: We describe three patients with eruptive benign melanocytic naevi during a phase of immunosuppressive therapy. METHODS/DIAGNOSIS: Two patients with Crohn disease were treated with either azathioprine monotherapy or a combination of azathioprine and infliximab, when eruptive naevi arose particularly at the palms and soles.

Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of calcipotriol (Daivonex/Dovonex) and UVB phototherapy in the treatment of psoriasis: a Markov model for The Netherlands.

Background: The high prevalence and chronic nature of psoriasis leads to high costs in relation to the treatment and control of the disease. A number of clinical trials have shown that a combination therapy of calcipotriol cream (Daivonex/Dovonex), Leo Pharmaceutical Products) and ultraviolet B phototherapy (UVB) decreases the total number of UVB exposures required compared to UVB treatment alone. From a societal point of view, the addition of calcipotriol to UVB therapy could achieve cost savings due to the fewer UVB treatments needed and the reduced travelling and time off work for patients.

Patient compliance and disease management in the treatment of psoriasis in the Netherlands.

Background: Compliance behaviour and disease management are important issues in chronic skin diseases. Psoriasis patients are 'experts by experience' because of many years of treatment. Therefore, it is relevant to gather data from patients on the actual use of antipsoriatic treatments.

Scalp psoriasis, clinical presentations and therapeutic management.

Background: The scalp is a well-known predilection site for psoriasis. Many patients indicate that scalp psoriasis is both psychologically and socially distressing.

Objective: The aim of the present investigation is to provide epidemiological data on the various manifestations of scalp psoriasis, as well as on its therapeutic management.

In vitro and in vivo comparison of creams containing dithranol 0.5%.

In an in vitro model, the release and penetration through a silicon membrane of different cream formulations and ointments containing 0.5% dithranol were studied. The results indicated that the method is not suitable for predicting in vivo release and penetration.

Double-blind, right/left comparison of calcipotriol and betamethasone valerate in treatment of psoriasis vulgaris.

The therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of calcipotriol ointment and betamethasone valerate ointment in psoriasis were compared in a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, right/left trial. 345 inpatients and outpatients with psoriasis vulgaris of symmetrical distribution were treated twice daily for 6 weeks with calcipotriol ointment 50 micrograms/g and betamethasone ointment 0.1% randomly assigned to opposite sides of the body.

[The treatment of psoriasis in a day care center].

We describe the treatment of 196 patients with psoriasis, in the psoriasis day care centre at Ede. Treatments involve salt water baths followed by radiation of UVB, additional radiation of the scalp and therapy-resistant parts of the skin and anthralin 'short contact therapy'. During the anthralin therapy the hairy scalp is treated with liq.

Fumaric acid therapy in psoriasis: a double-blind comparison between fumaric acid compound therapy and monotherapy with dimethylfumaric acid ester.

In a 4-month double-blind study the effects of dimethylfumaric acid esters (DMFAE-EC) and DMFAE plus salts of monoethylfumaric acid esters (fumaric acid combination, FAC-EC) in enteric-coated tablets were compared in 22 respectively 23 patients with psoriasis. In both groups about 50% showed a considerable improvement, i.e.

[2 men with active syphilis infection and HIV-I infection].

We report the case histories of two men who were living together and who were seropositive for human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and also had positive syphilis tests. Conceivably, reactivation of an earlier syphilis infection (which had been treated) had occurred after infection with HIV. It is therefore recommended to treat such patients according to the standard of treatment of neurosyphilis.

Systemic therapy with fumaric acid derivates: new possibilities in the treatment of psoriasis.

For the past two decades fumaric acid (FA) therapy has become an increasingly popular treatment in Western Europe for psoriasis. FA therapy originally was developed by Schweckendiek and subsequently standardized by Schäfer. Schäfer's fumaric acid compound therapy (FACT) consists of the oral intake of dimethylfumaric acid ester (DMFAE) and several salts of monoethylfumaric acid ester (MEFAE) in combination with topical fumaric acid therapy (1% to 3% MEFAE in an ointment or FA in bathing oils) and a diet.

Hepatitis B antigen and antibody in the blood of prostitutes visiting an outpatient venereology department in Rotterdam.

We took blood samples from 128 prostitutes visiting the outpatient venereology department of the University Hospital, Rotterdam-Dijkzigt to test for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). The prevalence of anti-HBs was found to be significantly higher in the group of prostitutes than in "normal populations", and we concluded that more of the former had been in contact with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). We recommend that the advice on vaccination of the hepatitis B committee of the Health Council of The Netherlands should be followed by screening prostitutes for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HBs in the blood, and vaccinating those who have no anti-HBs.

Comparative study of treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea with thiamphenicol and cefotaxime.

Results of treatment of uncomplicated urogenital gonorrhea caused by penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae were compared. In The Hague treatment consisted of thiamphenicol (2.5 g given orally), whereas the treatment in Rotterdam was cefotaxime (1 g given im).

Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae antigen by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay.

The Gonozyme test (Abbott Laboratories) is a new enzyme immunoassay for detecting Neisseria gonorrhoeae antigens in specimens from the urethra in men and the endocervix in women. To evaluate the usefulness of the assay 249 patients were investigated. The results obtained with the immunoassay were compared with those of culture and microscopy of Gram-stained smears.

Infections with non-penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae treated with cefuroxime: treatment failures.

Two men who acquired acute gonococcal urethritis in The Netherlands and who were treated with cefuroxime (1.5 g given intramuscularly) failed to respond to this therapy. Pre- and post-treatment isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from these patients had MICs of 0.