Factors influencing engagement and utilisation of opium tincture-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder: A qualitative study in Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: In response to a high burden of opioid use disorder (OUD), Iran established a network of opioid agonist treatment (OAT) centres beginning in 2002. To increase treatment diversity, particularly for patients who use opium as their drug of choice, opium tincture (OT)-assisted treatment was introduced to the network. This study aimed to explore factors influencing OT-assisted treatment selection for OUD in Tehran, Iran.

Opium tincture-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder: A systematic review.

Background: Some countries have used opioid agonist medications other than methadone and buprenorphine as a strategy to increase treatment diversity. In Iran and other countries where opium use is common and culturally tolerated, opium tincture (OT) has gained growing popularity and been approved to treat opioid use disorder (OUD). Given the increasing interest in this intervention, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the safety and efficacy of OT-assisted treatment for OUD.

Evaluation of anxiety and depression among female spouses of Iranian male drug dependents.

Background: Existing evidences suggest the more vulnerability of spouses of drug dependents, in exposure to mental disorders.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the associated parameters of anxiety and depression among female spouses of male drug dependents.

Patients And Methods: With a cross-sectional design in 2010, a total of 237 Iranian women were selected and divided into three groups: 1.

Characteristics of drug demand reduction structures in Britain and Iran.

Administrative structure of drug demand reduction and the way in which involved organizations interact with each other has been neglected by researchers, policy makers, and administrators at the national level and even in international institutions in this field. Studying such structures in different countries can reveal their attributes and features. In this study, key experts from the addictive behavior department of St George's University of London and a group of Iranian specialists in the field of drug demand reduction first wrote on a sheet the name of organizations that are in charge of drug demand reduction.

Having Multiple Sexual Partners among Iranian Intra-Venous Drug Users.

Background: Transmission of HIV from intra-venous drug users (IDUs) to the community occurs predominantly through high-risk sexual behaviors. Limited information exists regarding the high-risk sexual behaviors of IDUs in Iran.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with having multiple sexual partners among Iranian IDUs.

Drug Injection to Sites other than Arm: A Study of Iranian Heroin Injectors.

For almost all injecting drug users (IDUs), the first site of injection is the arm. Years after injection, IDUs may shift to using other sites for intravenous (IV) access. Although injection to sites other than the arm is associated with higher risks, literature is limited regarding this behavior.

Inconsistent Condom Use among Iranian Male Drug Injectors.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of inconsistent condom use among Iranian male injecting drug users (IDUs).

Materials And Methods: Data came from the national Iranian behavioral survey of drug dependence, which sampled 7743 individuals with drug dependence, from medical centers, prisons, and streets in 29 provinces in Iran, in 2007. This study included all individuals who were male, IDUs, and were sexually active (n = 1131).

Amphetamine use and its associated factors in body builders: a study from Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Epidemiological studies on all types of illicit drug use among athletes are essential for both the sport community and drug control achievements. Here, we investigated the prevalence and associated factors of amphetamine use in body builders in Tehran, Iran, 2007.

Material And Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a substance use survey done in 103 randomly selected gymnasia in Tehran (capital city of Iran).

Initiation to the first drug use among substance-dependent persons in Iran.

In the present study, we report the initiation to the first drug in a representative sample of drug dependents in Iran. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 7,743. The participants were characterized as drug dependents according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-Fourth Edition and were sampled from the medical centers, prisons, and streets of the capitals of 29 provinces in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Needle and syringe sharing among Iranian drug injectors.

Objective: The role of needle and syringe sharing behavior of injection drug users (IDUs) in spreading of blood-borne infections - specially HIV/AIDS - is well known. However, very little is known in this regard from Iran. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and associates of needle and syringe sharing among Iranian IDUs.

Substance-dependent professional drivers in Iran: a descriptive study.

Objective: To determine characteristics of a nationwide sample of Iranian dependent drug users whose main profession is driving.

Methods: Data were derived from a larger study, which aimed to describe pattern of drug dependency in Iran. A "driver" was defined as a person whose main profession was driving a motor vehicle to earn a living.