Long term variations in erythema effective solar UV at Chilton, UK, from 1991 to 2015.

In this paper erythema effective UV radiant exposure data from the PHE solar network Chilton site for the 25 year period from 1991 to 2015 are presented. The year with the highest average daily erythema effective radiant exposure was 2003 at 1577 J m and the year with the lowest average daily radiant exposure was 2010 at 1149 J m. Overall, the average daily radiant exposure per year ranged from 5655 J m to 9.

TEMPERATURE CORRECTION OF HISTORIC ERYTHEMA EFFECTIVE SOLAR UV DATA RESULTING IN A CONTINUOUS 25-YEAR DATA SET AT CHILTON, UK.

Public Health England has a solar network which has been established for over 25 years which measures erythema effective UV, UVA and photopic radiation. At the Chilton site there are erythema effective solar UV data available for 25 years from 1991 to 2015. Until October 2004, the data were gathered using a Solar Light R-B 500 radiometer (SL-500), which is not temperature regulated.

International Intercomparison of Solar UVR Spectral Measurement Systems in Melbourne in 2013.

Monitoring ambient solar UVR levels provides information on how much there is in both real time and historically. Quality assurance of ambient measurements of solar UVR is critical to ensuring accuracy and stability and this can be achieved by regular intercomparisons of spectral measurement systems with those of other organizations. In October and November of 2013 a solar UVR spectroradiometer from Public Health England (PHE) was brought to Melbourne for a campaign of intercomparisons with a new Bentham spectrometer of Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) and one at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), supported by New Zealand's National Institute for Water and Atmosphere (NIWA).

Effects of ambient temperature on the performance of CCD array spectroradiometers and practical implications for field measurements.

The performance of miniature CCD array spectroradiometers, which are widely used for the assessment of personal and environmental exposures, may be affected by variations in ambient temperature. The dark signal, spectral sensitivity and wavelength position of six different array spectroradiometer models, produced by two different manufacturers, were assessed in ambient temperatures ranging from 5 °C to 40 °C. The results are presented with a discussion of the practical implications for field measurements when the instruments are used outside of a temperature controlled environment.

Autonomous portable solar ultraviolet spectroradiometer (APSUS) - a new CCD spectrometer system for localized, real-time solar ultraviolet (280-400 nm) radiation measurement.

Terrestrial solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has significant implications for human health and increasing levels are a key concern regarding the impact of climate change. Monitoring solar UV radiation at the earth's surface is therefore of increasing importance. A new prototype portable CCD (charge-coupled device) spectrometer-based system has been developed that monitors UV radiation (280-400 nm) levels at the earth's surface.

Temporal variation of erythemally effective UVB/UVA ratio at Chilton, UK.

An analysis of the temporal variation in the erythemally weighted UVB/UVA irradiance ratio using spectral data collected from a monitoring site in Chilton, UK (51°N) for the 5-y period from 2004 to 2008 is presented. The variation in the diurnal ratio was found to be bell-shaped, with minima on average 1 h after sunrise and before sunset. The minima were found to be indicative of the point at which UVB becomes undetectable by the spectroradiometer and therefore the outer boundary of useful data.

Organizational culture: a guide for the foundation year doctor.

On your travels as a foundation doctor, you will experience different organizations and the way they work. You will notice certain features - for instance, one place may have a particularly congenial atmosphere - but some of these traits are almost imperceptible. You will learn what is and is not the 'done thing', which may be the opposite of what you have encountered elsewhere.

Managing personal communication: a guide for the foundation year doctor.

Everyone conducts private communication during work time at some point. This may be purely personal, such as with: your partner about when you will be home, a car salesman about delivery of a car for own use, your landlord about your home, your nanny about your child. Alternatively, it maybe work-related.