Profiling host- and parasite-derived miRNAs associated with Strongylus vulgaris infection in horses.

The equine bloodworm, Strongylus vulgaris, is a common and highly pathogenic parasite in horses due to its migratory life cycle involving the intestinal arteries. Current diagnostic techniques cannot detect the prepatent migrating stages of S. vulgaris, highlighting the need for new biomarkers.

The microRNAome of Strongylus vulgaris larvae and their excretory/secretory products with identification of parasite-derived microRNAs in horse arterial tissue.

The equine bloodworm, Strongylus vulgaris, is a highly pathogenic parasite causing potentially fatal vascular and intestinal damage. Parasites express and release microRNAs (miRNAs) for internal regulation and to modulate host immunity. The complete set of miRNAs expressed by S.

Classification of myo-connective tissue injuries for severity grading and return to play prediction: A scoping review.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic literature search to identify currently used classifications of acute non-contact muscle injuries in sporting adults.

Designs: Scoping review.

Methods: A systematic literature search from January 1, 2010 to April 19, 2022 of Medline and SPORTDiscus yielded 13,426 articles that were screened for eligibility.

Advice from local/site evaluators: How to manage "up" within a large-scale initiative.

BUilding Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD), an initiative of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), provides grants to undergraduate institutions to implement and study innovative approaches to engaging and retaining students from diverse backgrounds in biomedical research. The NIH awarded BUILD grants to 10 higher education institutions in multiple states, including funding for local evaluations. This chapter presents findings from an online survey and interviews with 15 local evaluators from nine of the 10 BUILD sites.

Differentiating Strongylus vulgaris-associated, non-strangulating intestinal infarctions from idiopathic peritonitis and acute colitis in horses.

Background: Horses with non-strangulating intestinal infarction (NSII) are often misdiagnosed with idiopathic peritonitis or acute colitis. Early diagnosis is essential to ensure early surgical intervention and improve survival.

Methods: Clinical and laboratory data from horses admitted to the University of Copenhagen Large Animal Teaching Hospital with NSII, idiopathic peritonitis or acute colitis between 2009 and 2018 were used for univariate comparisons and a multivariable logistic regression model for prediction of NSII.

Investigation of two different human d-dimer assays in the horse.

Background: D-dimer has value as a marker of thrombosis in critically ill horses and can provide additional information about prognosis. However, there are currently no equine species-specific d-dimer assays available, nor has there been any formal investigation of the applicability of human d-dimer assays in horses, so it is unknown, which assay performs best in this species. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate and compare two human d-dimer assays for their applicability in horses.

Short-term survival rates of 1397 horses referred for colic from 2010 to 2018.

Background: Up-to-date and hospital-specific knowledge of prognoses for horses with various forms of colic is essential for helping to guide owners' decisions on costly treatments, and for assessing the continuous development of standards of care in the hospital. This study aimed to determine the short-term survival rates of horses admitted with colic to the University Hospital for Large Animals (UHLA), University of Copenhagen, Denmark, from 2010 to 2018, and to compare these to a previous local study as well as recent, comparable international studies. Short-term survival rates were calculated for horses grouped by treatment (surgical, medical) and diseases.

A pilot study evaluating the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram assay and application of plasma-thromboelastography for detection of hemostatic aberrations in horses with gastrointestinal disease.

Background: Critically ill horses, such as horses with gastrointestinal (GI) disease, often suffer from hemostatic aberrations. Global hemostatic tests examining the initiation of coagulation, clot strength and fibrinolysis, such as the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) and plasma-thromboelastography (TEG) have not been evaluated in horses. This study aimed to evaluate CAT and apply plasma-TEG in horses.

Contributions Made by Undergraduates to Research Projects: Using the CREDIT Taxonomy to Assess Undergraduate Research Experiences.

The authors developed a novel tool, the CREDIT URE, to define and measure roles performed by undergraduate students working in research placements. Derived from an open-source taxonomy for determining authorship credit, the CREDIT URE defines 14 possible roles, allowing students and their research mentors to rate the degree to which students participate in each role. The tool was administered longitudinally across three cohorts of undergraduate student-mentor pairs involved in a biomedical research training program for students from diverse backgrounds.

What is the effect of spinal manipulation on the pressure pain threshold in young, asymptomatic subjects? A randomized placebo-controlled trial, with a cross-over design.

Background: Spinal manipulation (SM) has been shown to have an effect on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) in asymptomatic subjects, but SM has never been compared in studies on this topic to a validated sham procedure. We investigated the effect of SM on the PPT when measured i) in the area of intervention and ii) in an area remote from the intervention. In addition, we measured the size and duration of the effect.

The effect of a single spinal manipulation on cardiovascular autonomic activity and the relationship to pressure pain threshold: a randomized, cross-over, sham-controlled trial.

Background: The autonomic nervous system interacts with the pain system. Knowledge on the effects of high velocity low amplitude spinal manipulations (SM) on autonomic activity and experimentally induced pain is limited. In particular, the effects of SM on autonomic activity and pain beyond the immediate post intervention period as well as the relationship between these two outcomes are understudied.

Outcomes and learning curve for robotic-assisted radical cystectomy: an Australian experience.

Background: This study aimed to describe perioperative, oncological and learning curve outcomes for robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) across the first 100 cases performed by an Australian high-volume, fellowship-trained robotic surgeon.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on a consecutive group of 100 patients who underwent RARC between 2010 and 2016 in Brisbane, Australia. Perioperative, oncological and survival data were collected.

Profit Analysis of Papaya Crops under Greenhouses as an Alternative to Traditional Intensive Horticulture in Southeast Spain.

The high-yield agricultural model in Almería is based on eight different crops. Having led fruit and vegetable exports in Spain for more than 50 years, a decrease in melon and watermelon growing areas in Almería caused a change in supply that affected the model's profit. Papaya cultivation could reactivate the profit of the agricultural model in Almería and also improve the available product range.

Oro-dental characteristics in patients with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome compared to a healthy control group.

Background: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a hereditary disorder that affects the connective tissue and collagen structures in the body characterised by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility and tissue fragility.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the oro-dental characteristics including measurements of tooth size of 26 patients with hypermobile EDS (hEDS), differentiated by a genetic test, compared to 39 healthy controls.

Methods: Interview, clinical and radiological examination on panoramic radiograph and cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) scan were performed.

The Production and Quality of Different Varieties of Papaya Grown under Greenhouse in Short Cycle in Continental Europe.

In Europe, papaya consumption is growing due to its nutritional properties. The proximity of consumer markets to Southeast Spain allows fruits to be harvested at a more advanced stage of maturity compared to exporting countries from outside Europe, a timeline which improves the quality of the papaya. Experiments have been carried out to assess the adaptation of papaya to protected cropping systems (under greenhouse) in the region.

Outcomes following radical cystectomy: a population-based study from Queensland, Australia.

Background: Radical cystectomy (RC) is a complex uro-oncology surgical procedure with high surgical morbidity. We report on outcomes following RC for bladder cancer using a population-based cohort of patients.

Methods: Patients receiving an RC from 2002 to 2016 were included and linked to their cancer-related surgical procedures.

How big is the effect of spinal manipulation on the pressure pain threshold and for how long does it last? - secondary analysis of data from a systematic review.

Background: Spinal manipulation (SM) has been shown in a systematic review to have a statistically significant effect on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) in asymptomatic subjects, when SM is compared to a sham intervention. The magnitude and duration of this effect is unclear.

Objectives: To determine the effect-size of SM in asymptomatic subjects and its duration.

Identification of Selective Dual ROCK1 and ROCK2 Inhibitors Using Structure-Based Drug Design.

A HTS campaign identified compound 1, an excellent hit-like molecule to initiate medicinal chemistry efforts to optimize a dual ROCK1 and ROCK2 inhibitor. Substitution (2-Cl, 2-NH, 2-F, 3-F) of the pyridine hinge binding motif or replacement with pyrimidine afforded compounds with a clean CYP inhibition profile. Cocrystal structures of an early lead compound were obtained in PKA, ROCK1, and ROCK2.

The regional effect of spinal manipulation on the pressure pain threshold in asymptomatic subjects: a systematic literature review.

Background: Spinal manipulation (SM) has been shown to have an effect on pain perception. More knowledge is needed on this phenomenon and it would be relevant to study its effect in asymptomatic subjects.

Objectives: To compare regional effect of SM on pressure pain threshold (PPT) vs.

Outcomes of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in Crohn's disease patients: an initial Australian experience.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) in association with obesity is becoming an increasing issue in Australia and worldwide. This report looks at outcomes for patients with CD undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of our database of patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy from 2007 to 2016.

Mullerian Duct Cyst Causing Bladder Outlet Obstruction in a Patient with HNF-1β Gene Deletion.

A 24-year-old male was referred to a tertiary hospital for a possible prostatic abscess. The patient went into acute urinary retention. Transurethral drainage was performed.

The Impact of Appropriate Antibiotic Prescribing on Treatment Evaluation Parameters.

The therapeutic impact of inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics is debatable, particularly in situations where infections are treated empirically with multiply prescribed antibiotics. Prescribers may remain under the illusion that such prescriptions are appropriate on the basis of any observed positive treatment outcomes, even though an antibiotic prescribed in such combination therapy may actually be infective against infecting pathogens. This, inevitably, promotes inappropriate antibiotic prescribing.

Models of neuropathic pain in the rat.

There are now three models of neuropathic pain in the rat that are in widespread use: the chronic constriction injury, the partial sciatic ligation model, and the spinal nerve ligation model. The procedures to create these models and the behavioral assays used to quantify the resulting abnormal pain sensations are described in this unit.