The effect of sho-saiko-to on concentration of vitamin E in serum and on granuloma formation in carrageenin cotton pellet-induced granuloma rats.

The effect of Sho-saiko-to on the concentration of vitamin E in serum and on the granuloma formation in Carrageenin cotton pellet-induced rats was investigated. As a result, in the granuloma rats of Sho-saiko-to group, a significantly improved inhibitory effect on granuloma formation and a higher concentration of vitamin E in serum, cholesterol and phospholipid were observed compared to the control group. Despite this lipid-increasing action by Sho-saiko-to, the concentration of serum lipid peroxide was significantly lower than in the control group.

Analgesic effect of Ga-Al-As diode laser irradiation on hyperalgesia in carrageenin-induced inflammation.

This study concerned the effect of Ga-Al-As diode laser irradiation (780 nm, continuous wave, 31.8 J/s/cm2, spot size od 0.2 mm, 3 minutes/dose) on hyperalgesia induced in the hind paw of rats by injecting carrageenin.

The effect of orengedokuto on experimentally-inflamed rats.

The inhibitory effect of Orengedokuto on lipid peroxide and sialidase was investigated using rats affected with carrageenin cotton pellet-induced granuloma and adjuvant arthritis. As a result, in the case of rats with carrageenin cotton pellet-induced granuloma, a significant inhibitory effect on granuloma formation was observed in the Orengedokuto treated rats (150 mg/kg/day) which showed a decrease in serum lipid peroxide (p < 0.001) and an increase in acid soluble glycoprotein (p < 0.

The effect of sho-saiko-to on the concentration of acid soluble glycoprotein in serum and on granuloma formation in carrageenin cotton pellet-induced granuloma rats.

The effect of sho-saiko-to on the concentration of acid soluble glycoprotein in serum and on the granuloma formation in carrageenin cotton pellet-induced rats was investigated. As a result, a significant negative correlation between the concentration of acid soluble glycoprotein and granuloma weight was observed. Furthermore, both the concentration of acid soluble glycoprotein and the inhibition rate of the granuloma formation were significantly higher in the sho-saiko-to group than in the control group.

Effect of intrahypothalamic injection of neostigmine on the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine and on plasma glucose level.

We previously reported that the injection of neostigmine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, into the third cerebral ventricle of fasted rats produced hyperglycemia associated with the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. However, the central nervous system site of action of neostigmine by which the plasma catecholamine and glucose concentrations were increased is not known. In this study we injected neostigmine into the ventromedial hypothalamus, lateral hypothalamus, paraventricular hypothalamus, median site of the lateral-preoptic area, lateral site of the lateral-preoptic area, anterior site of the anterior hypothalamic area, mammillary body (posterior mamillary nucleus), and cortex of anesthetized fasted rats and measured the plasma levels of glucose, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.

Therapeutic effect of Ga-Al-As diode laser irradiation on experimentally induced inflammation in rats.

We produced experimental inflammation models in rats by carrageenin and studied the effect of Ga-Al-As diode laser irradiation (780 nm, continuous wave, 31.8 j/sec/cm2, spot size of 0.2 mm) on inflamed regions compared with those of indomethacin, a potent anti-inflammatory agent.

Involvement of the hippocampus in central nervous system-mediated glucoregulation in rats.

To find out whether the hippocampus is involved in central nervous system-mediated glucoregulation, we injected saline, neostigmine, dopamine, norepinephrine, bombesin, beta-endorphin, somatostatin, and prostaglandin F2 alpha into the dorsal hippocampus in anesthetized fed rats. After injection of dopamine, norepinephrine, bombesin, beta-endorphin, somatostatin, or prostaglandin F2 alpha, the level of hepatic venous plasma glucose did not differ from that in saline-treated control rats. However, neostigmine, an inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase, caused a dose-dependent increase in the hepatic venous plasma glucose concentration.

Influence of electrical stimulation of the limbic structure on adrenocortical steroidogenesis in hypophysectomized rats.

The effects of electrical stimulation of the medial amygdala (AMYG) and dorsal hippocampus (DHPC) on the rates of 14C transfer from 14C-1-acetate into adrenocortical steroids in adrenal slices of hypophysectomized rats were investigated. The 14C transfer rates into corticosterone were increased by stimulation of the AMYG and DHPC. The 14C transfer rates into cortisol were increased by the AMYG stimulation but were not altered by the DHPC stimulation.

Nerve growth factor-mediated sexual differentiation of the rat hypothalamus.

Injection of antibody to nerve growth factor into the cerebral lateral ventricle blocked testosterone-induced behavioral defeminization of neonatal female rats. When tested as adults following ovariectomy and combined estrogen-progesterone treatment, the injected animals showed a significantly higher lordosis quotient than the testosterone-treated, normal rabbit serum-infused controls. Failure of vaginal opening and clitoral enlargement manifested the well-documented masculinizing effect of testosterone on the genitalia in the experimental as well as the control animals.

Relative contributions of the nervous system and hormones to CNS-mediated hyperglycemia.

We quantitatively determined the relative contributions of hormonal factors and the nervous system to the total glucose response after stimulation of the cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system of fed rats. Hepatic venous plasma glucose, glucagon, insulin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine were measured during 120 min after injection of neostigmine (5 X 10(-8) mol) into the third cerebral ventricle in rats subjected to bilateral adrenodemedullation (ADMX) to prevent epinephrine secretion (observed insulin secretion), with and without intravenous infusion of somatostatin to prevent glucagon and insulin secretion. Injection of neostigmine in intact rats resulted in increases in glucose, glucagon, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.

Influence of electrical stimulation of the limbic structure on ovarian steroidogenesis in hypophysectomized and adrenalectomized rats.

The effects of electrical stimulation of the medial amygdala (AMYG) and dorsal hippocampus (DHPC) on the rates of 14C transfer from 14C-1-acetate into ovarian steroids in hypophysectomized and adrenalectomized rats (H-A rats) were investigated. The 14C transfer rates into estrogen were increased by stimulation of AMYG and DHPC. The 14C transfer rates into progesterone and 20 alpha-hydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one (20 alpha-OH-P) were increased by the AMYG stimulation but decreased by the DHPC stimulation.

Mechanism of central hyperglycemic effect of cholinergic agonists in fasted rats.

The influence of cholinergic agonists on central nervous system (CNS) regulation of blood sugar homeostasis was studied in fasted rats. When carbachol, muscarine, bethanechol, methacholine, or neostigmine was injected into the third cerebral ventricle, it caused a dose-dependent increase in the hepatic venous plasma glucose concentration. However, in the case of 1,1-dimethylphenyl-4-piperazinium iodide (DMPP) or nicotine, the level of hepatic venous glucose did not differ from that of the saline-treated control rats.