Ionizing Radiation Combined with Gold Complex Compounds Causes Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Increasing the Level of Caspase-3.

Background: The anticancer activity and radiosensitizing effect of Auranofin, an an-tirheumatic and an approved gold metallic drug, have been investigated from multiple perspectives. In this study, the action of the new gold complex compound TPN-Au(I)-MM4 was compared with that of auranofin.

Methods: The inhibitory effect of 10 μM and 50 μM concentrations on cell proliferation was investigated using the human colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and SW480.

Primary intracranial sarcoma associated with DICER1 mutant: a case report and preclinical investigation.

Primary intracranial sarcoma (PIS) is a rare and aggressive pediatric brain tumor, which is partially associated with DICER1 mutant. Although the molecular genetic characteristics of this tumor have previously been investigated, novel therapeutic targets remain unclear. Further, the lack of faithful preclinical models has hampered the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

hsa‑miR‑455‑3P as a predictive biomarker of anemia in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The initial treatment of lung cancer depends on the definition of the tumor type and its staging. The most common treatment is chemotherapy, and the first-line treatment is a combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel.

Three-dimensional vessel wall imaging with 1.5-T MRI to visualize invisible occluded cerebral artery.

Background: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is performed for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessel occlusion; therefore, preoperative visualization of the occluded invisible vessel course reduces complications and ensures success. Three-dimensional (3D) proton density-weighted (PDW) vessel wall imaging (VWI) using variable refocusing flip angle pulse-turbo spin-echo sequences (VRFA-TSE) with 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide this information.

Genetic diversity of viruses infecting cnidium plants () in Japan.

Unlabelled: Cnidium vein yellowing virus (CnVYV), cnidium virus X (CnVX), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and cnidium virus 1 (CnV1) were detected at extremely high levels in plants showing viral symptoms collected from Iwate and Hokkaido Prefectures, Japan. The complete nucleotide sequence of the newly detected CnVYV and CnV1, and genetic diversity of the cnidium-infecting viruses (CnVYV, CnVX, and CnV1) indicated that South Korean and Japanese cnidium plants had close relationship with each other. All three viruses can infect vegetatively propagated perennials and are vertically transmitted once infection occurs.

[A Surgical Case of Chiari Malformation Type I in Elderly Patient].

Chiari malformation type I (CM-1) is a disease in which part of the cerebellum and brainstem invades into the spinal canal beyond the foramen magnum. Patients with CM-1 can present with various symptoms; however, most cases of CM-1 are asymptomatic. Symptomatic cases are distributed bimodally in children and middle-aged adults, but occur very rarely in elderly individuals.

Importance of preoperative total colonoscopy and endoscopic resection after self-expandable metallic stent placement for obstructive colorectal cancer as a bridge-to-surgery.

Background And Aim: Colonic self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement enables preoperative total colonoscopy (TCS) in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer. Following SEMS placement, it is possible to assess the presence or absence of synchronous proximal colon cancers and perform preoperative endoscopic resection (ER) for neoplastic lesions proximal to the primary lesion. The objective of this study was to determine the usefulness and safety of preoperative TCS and ER after SEMS placement in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer.

Utility of a rapid assay for prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite as a biomarker in pediatric ulcerative colitis.

Prostaglandin E-major urinary metabolite (PGE-MUM) is a urinary biomarker reflecting ulcerative colitis (UC) activity. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of PGE-MUM via rapid chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay in detecting endoscopic remission (ER) and histologic remission (HR) in pediatric UC (6-16 years) in comparison with fecal calprotectin (FCP). ER and HR were defined as Mayo endoscopic score (MES) of 0 and Matts' histological grades (Matts) of 1 or 2, respectively.

Analysis of genome instability and implications for the consequent phenotype in containing mutated MSH2-1 (P513T).

Malarial parasites exhibit extensive genomic plasticity, which induces the antigen diversification and the development of antimalarial drug resistance. Only a few studies have examined the genome maintenance mechanisms of parasites. The study aimed at elucidating the impact of a mutation in a DNA mismatch repair gene on genome stability by maintaining the mutant and wild-type parasites through serial cultures for approximately 400 days and analysing the subsequent spontaneous mutations.

Cytotoxic Activity of Unique Synthesized Five-membered Heterocyclic Compounds Coordinated with Tiopronin Monovalent.

Background: We recently synthesized a compound in which 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole (MM4) was coordinated to tiopronin monovalent (TPN-Au(I)) and reported its cytotoxic activity against human leukemia cells in vitro.

Objective: We further synthesized other heterocyclic compounds coordinated with TPN-Au(I) and assessed their cytotoxic activity against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and lung cancer cell line H1299 in vitro.

Methods: Seven kinds of compounds were synthesized by introducing a five-membered heterocyclic compound into TPN-Au(I).

Production of dendritic cell vaccines using different methods with equivalent results: Implications for emerging centers.

Introduction: Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have demonstrated good efficacy in preventing relapse and in increasing survival of patients affected by a variety of both solid and hematological tumors. Most protocols used to generate these cells involve the automated separation of peripheral blood monocytes from patients. This approach requires specialized equipment, which elevates the cost of this type of therapy, potentially limiting the widespread access to patients.

Potentially inappropriate medications at admission among elderly patients transported to a tertiary emergency medical institution in Japan.

Aim: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) have been reported to be associated with lower adherence, higher rates of adverse events, and higher health-care costs in elderly patients with high comorbidity. However, inappropriate prescribing has not been adequately reported in studies of patients transported to tertiary care hospitals. In this study, we investigated PIMs at the time of admission, on the basis of the prescription status of elderly patients admitted to a tertiary emergency room (ER).

HSP90 Inhibition Overcomes Resistance to Molecular Targeted Therapy in BRAFV600E-mutant High-grade Glioma.

Purpose: Molecular targeted therapy using BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors has been applied to BRAFV600E-mutant high-grade gliomas (HGG); however, the therapeutic effect is limited by the emergence of drug resistance.

Experimental Design: We established multiple paired BRAFV600E-mutant HGG patient-derived xenograft models based on tissues collected prior to and at relapse after molecular targeted therapy. Using these models, we dissected treatment-resistant mechanisms for molecular targeted therapy and explored therapeutic targets to overcome resistance in BRAFV600E HGG models in vitro and in vivo.

Progress in understanding the phylogeny of the Plasmodium vivax lineage.

There has been some controversy about the evolutionary origin of Plasmodium vivax, particularly whether it is of Asian or African origin. Recently, a new malaria species which closely related to ape P. vivax was found in chimpanzees, in addition, the host switches of P.

Cytotoxic Activity of a Unique Monomeric Heterogeneous Two-Coordinate Ligand Monovalent Gold Complex with Tiopronin and a Heterocyclic Mercapto-Tetrazole Compound.

Background: The importance of the role of NF-κB is recognized in situations such as malignant transformation and metastasis of cancer, and it has been suggested that inhibiting this role can be one of the cancer treatment strategies. Gold preparations such as auranofin are known to have an indirect NF-κB inhibitory effect.

Objective: We synthesized a novel gold complex [tiopronin monovalent gold-5-mercapto- 1-methyl tetrazole, abbreviated as TPN-Au(I)-MM4], with different physical properties and chemical structure from auranofin, and evaluated its cytotoxic activity and radiation sensitizing effect on human THP1 cells.

Depth-based branching level estimation for bronchoscopic navigation.

Purpose: Bronchoscopists rely on navigation systems during bronchoscopy to reduce the risk of getting lost in the complex bronchial tree-like structure and the homogeneous bronchus lumens. We propose a patient-specific branching level estimation method for bronchoscopic navigation because it is vital to identify the branches being examined in the bronchus tree during examination.

Methods: We estimate the branching level by integrating the changes in the number of bronchial orifices and the camera motions among the frames.

Comparing the Efficacy of a Microperforated Titanium Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration with an Existing Mesh Retainer in Dog Mandibles.

Acute-type lateral ridge defects (25 mm × 6 mm × 5 mm) were bilaterally created in the mandibles of four dogs (two defects per animal). The defects were reconstructed with particulate autologous bone and covered with a microperforated titanium membrane (Ti-honeycomb membrane, TiHM) or an existing conventional titanium mesh as control. The samples were dissected after 16 weeks postoperatively and processed for radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses.