An Intrahepatic Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT False-Positive Tumor Secondary to Foreign Body Granuloma Masquerading as Colon Cancer Liver Metastasis: A Case Report.

A suture placed next to a dissected liver section during the initial hepatectomy may become an unlikely intrahepatic foreign body granuloma. In this report, we describe a case where a silk suture in the liver section plane placed during initial hepatectomy for synchronous colon cancer metastasis became an intrahepatic foreign body granuloma that exhibited fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). The granuloma was resected as the second metachronous liver metastatic lesion.

Resurgence of human metapneumovirus infection and influenza after three seasons of inactivity in the post-COVID-19 era in Hokkaido, Japan, 2022-2023.

Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in February 2020, incidences of various infectious diseases decreased notably in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. However, Japan began gradually easing COVID-19 infection control measures in 2022. Here, we conducted a survey of children hospitalized with human metapneumovirus (hMPV), influenza A and B, and respiratory syncytial virus infections in 18 hospitals across Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, spanning from July 2019 to June 2023.

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Caused by Functional Gonadotroph Pituitary Adenoma.

Functional gonadotroph adenomas (FGAs) are rare, manifesting symptoms like menstrual irregularities or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). We present a case of OHSS caused by an FGA during the follow-up of a pituitary tumor initially considered nonfunctioning. The patient presented with lower abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, and dyspnea.

A Case of Lymphocytic Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis Exhibiting Spontaneous Regression.

Lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis (LINH) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory process that selectively affects the neurohypophysis and the pituitary stalk, typically presenting with central diabetes insipidus (CDI). LINH is considered underdiagnosed because the definitive diagnosis requires invasive pituitary surgery with a high risk of complications. We present a case of CDI resulting from LINH, which was treated with conservative management, eschewing both glucocorticoid treatment and pituitary surgery.

Nocturnal Scratching and Quality of Sleep in Children with Atopic Dermatitis.

Itching due to atopic dermatitis causes sleep disorders in children, but its pathology is unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate nocturnal scratching as an indirect index of itching during sleep and its relationship with depth of sleep in children with atopic dermatitis. Nocturnal scratching was measured in a total of 20 children with atopic dermatitis, using a smartwatch installed with the application Itch Tracker.

Changing Patterns of Infectious Diseases Among Hospitalized Children in Hokkaido, Japan, in the Post-COVID-19 Era, July 2019 to June 2022.

Background: Many reports have reported a reduction in respiratory infectious diseases and infectious gastroenteritis immediately after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but data continuing into 2022 are very limited. We sought to understand the current situation of various infectious diseases among children in Japan as of July 2022 to improve public health in the post-COVID-19 era.

Methods: We collected data on children hospitalized with infectious diseases in 18 hospitals in Japan from July 2019 to June 2022.

A vanished gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Background: Local resection is the standard treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) is a minimally invasive surgery used to resect GISTs. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of a gastric GIST that grossly vanished during LECS.

Polymorphism of genes encoding drug-metabolizing and inflammation-related enzymes for susceptibility to cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an intractable cancer, and its incidence in northeastern Thailand is the highest worldwide. Infection with the liver fluke (OV) has been associated with CCA risk. However, animal experiments have suggested that OV alone does not induce CCA, but its combination with a chemical carcinogen like nitrosamine can cause experimentally induced CCA in hamsters.

Sequence analysis of a feline- and porcine-origin G3P[9] rotavirus A strain in a child with acute gastroenteritis in Japan.

We isolated the rare G3P[9] rotavirus strain RVA/Human-wt/JPN/R11-035/2015/G3P[9] from a 2-year-old girl presenting with vomiting and diarrhea who had daily contact with cats in Japan, 2015. Full-genome analysis revealed that the R11-035 strain had an AU-1-like genetic constellation, except for the NSP3 (T) gene: G3-P[9]-I3-R3-C3-M3-A3-N3-T1-E3-H6. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain R11-035 is closely related to human/feline-like human strains, and only the NSP3 (T1) gene was clustered together with Taiwanese porcine strains.

Characteristics of intussusception among children in Hokkaido, Japan, during the pre- and post-rotavirus vaccine eras (2007-2016).

Aim: To analyse the epidemiology of intussusception in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan during a 10-year period spanning the introduction of the rotavirus (RV) vaccine (2007-2016).

Methods: Using a standard questionnaire, a retrospective surveillance was conducted across 17 hospitals with paediatric beds in Hokkaido Prefecture. We compared the data between the pre-vaccine era (2007-2011) and post-vaccine era (2012-2016).

Exploratory study on glycemic control improvement for patients with diabetes mellitus by appropriate re-education on insulin self-injection technique during COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: To conduct a study on glycemic control improvement by appropriate re-education on the self-injection technique (SIT) in patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing insulin therapy.

Methods: Patients who received appropriate SIT and were treated with insulin for more than a year were re-educated. For the observation period of six months, the subjects' SIT was checked, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were measured at each visit.

Necessity and choice of therapy for Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis often resolves spontaneously, without treatment, making decisions regarding therapeutic interventions difficult.

Methods: Fifty-four patients who were diagnosed as having Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis between April 2004 and March 2018, and developed hematuria and/or proteinuria, were studied retrospectively. The observation period ended at the disappearance of hematuria or proteinuria, or the last observation date before December 2019 for each patient.

Rare presentation of emphysematous pyelonephritis due to faulty catheter insertion.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe necrotizing infection that occurs predominately among individuals with diabetes mellitus. The mortality rate is >10% only medical therapy. We report a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by , precipitated by faulty catheter insertion.

Genotypes and transmission routes of noroviruses causing sporadic acute gastroenteritis among adults and children, Japan, 2015-2019.

Noroviruses (NoVs) are major causes of acute viral gastroenteritis at all ages worldwide. The molecular epidemiology of sporadic cases remains poorly understood, especially in adults. Additionally, no studies have analyzed the transmission route in sporadic acute gastroenteritis.

Plant sterol hyperabsorption caused by uncontrolled diabetes in a patient with a heterozygous ABCG5 variant.

Plant sterol intake is widely recommended for patients with cardiovascular risk factors based on the inhibitory effect on intestinal cholesterol absorption. Although plant sterols, once absorbed, can promote atherosclerosis, their intake is believed to be safe because of poor absorption, except in rare hyperabsorbers with homozygous ABCG5/8 mutations. We report a case of new-onset type 1 diabetes accompanied by hypercholesterolemia.

Changes in clinical features of food-related anaphylaxis in children during 5 years.

Background: Despite being frequently recommended, adrenaline auto-injectors (AAIs) are insufficiently prescribed and used for the prehospital management of anaphylaxis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate recent changes in the clinical features and prehospital management of food-related anaphylaxis in children.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the clinical features of children who were hospitalized for food-related anaphylaxis in 2013 and 2018.

Exploring a Suitable Marker of Glycemic Response to Dulaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Previous studies suggested that β-cell function markers such as fasting and postprandial serum C-peptide and C-peptide increment (FCPR, PCPR, and ΔCPR, respectively) may be useful in estimating glycemic response to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. However, it remains elusive whether baseline glycemic control confounds these markers. Here we aimed to identify the least confounded β-cell function markers and investigate whether these markers could predict glycemic response to dulaglutide.

First Japanese Family With -MODY (MODY4): A Novel Frameshift Mutation, Clinical Characteristics, and Implications.

Context: The gene encodes pancreatic and duodenal homeobox, a critical transcription factor for pancreatic β-cell differentiation and maintenance of mature β-cells. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations cause -MODY (MODY4).

Case Description: Our patient is an 18-year-old lean man who developed diabetes at 16 years of age.

Sporadic Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1B in Monozygotic Twins: Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Methylation Defects.

Context: Sporadic pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B (sporPHP1B) is an imprinting disease without a defined genetic cause, characterized by broad methylation changes in differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the GNAS gene.

Objective: This work aims to provide insights into the causative event leading to the GNAS methylation defects through comprehensive molecular genetic analyses of a pair of female monozygotic twins concordant for sporPHP1B who were conceived naturally, that is, without assisted reproductive techniques.

Methods: Using the leukocyte genome of the twins and family members, we performed targeted bisulfite sequencing, methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (MSRE)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), whole-genome sequencing (WGS), high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and Sanger sequencing.