A novel layered culture device reveals spatial dynamics of root element uptake and optimal silicon application site for mitigating chromium uptake by rice.

Understanding root uptake mechanisms for various elements is crucial for optimizing heavy metal remediation strategies and enhancing plant-nutrient interactions. However, simple and effective methods to differentiate the contributions of specific root segments in element uptake are lacking. Here, we developed a layered culture device consisting of a culture box and a plant suspension mechanism, which isolates different root segments through solid media and waterproof coating.

Ultrahigh Responsivity and Robust Semiconducting Fiber Enabled by Molecular Soldering-Governed Defect Engineering for Smart Textile Optoelectronics.

Semiconducting fibers (SCFs) are of significant interest to design next-generation wearable and comfortable optoelectronics that seamlessly integrate with textiles. However, the practical applications of current SCFs are always limited by poor optoelectronic performance and low mechanical robustness caused by uncontrollable multiscale structural defects. Herein, a versatile in situ molecular soldering-governed defect engineering strategy is proposed to construct ultrahigh responsivity and robust wet-spun MoS SCFs, by using a π-conjugated dithiolated molecule to simultaneously patch microscale sulfur vacancies within MoS nanosheets, diminish mesoscale interlayer voids/wrinkles, promote macroscale orientation, build long-range photoelectron percolation bridges, and provide n-doping effect.

Long-term addition of organic manure stimulates the growth and activity of comammox in a subtropical Inceptisol.

The discovery of complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) has dramatically altered our perception of nitrogen (N) biogeochemistry. However, their functional importance vs. the canonical ammonia oxidizers (i.

Spatial variation in stability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) straw phytolith-occluded carbon in China.

Global climate warming, driven by human activities emitting greenhouse gases like CO, results in adverse effects, posing significant challenges to human health and food security. In response to this challenge, it is imperative to enhance long-term carbon sequestration, including phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC). Currently, there is a dearth of research on the assessment and distribution of the stability of PhytOC.

Unveiling mechanisms of silicon-mediated resistance to chromium stress in rice using a newly-developed hierarchical system.

Silicon (Si) has been well-known to enhance plant resistance to heavy-metal stress. However, the mechanisms by which silicon mitigates heavy-metal stress in plants are not clear. In particular, information regarding the role of Si in mediating resistance to heavy-metal stress at a single cell level is still lacking.

Silicon-phosphorus pathway mitigates heavy metal stress by buffering rhizosphere acidification.

Heavy metal pollution threatens food security, and rhizosphere acidification will increase the bioavailability of heavy metals. As a beneficial element in plants, silicon can relieve heavy metal stress. However, less attention has been paid to its effects on plant rhizosphere processes.

From promoting aggregation to enhancing obstruction: A negative feedback regulatory mechanism of alleviation of trivalent chromium toxicity by silicon in rice.

Trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] is a threat to the environment and crop production. Silicon (Si) has been shown to be effective in mitigating Cr(III) toxicity in rice. However, the mechanisms by which Si reduces Cr(III) uptake in rice are unclear.

On a hyperbolic-parabolic chemotaxis system.

Stability of steady state solutions associated with initial and boundary value problems of a coupled fluid-reaction-diffusion system in one space dimension is analyzed. It is shown that under Dirichlet-Dirichlet type boundary conditions, non-trivial steady state solutions exist and are locally stable when the system parameters satisfy certain constraints.

The spatial distribution of phytoliths and phytolith-occluded carbon in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ecosystem in China.

Phytolith is a form of SiO in plants. Carbon can be sequestrated as phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) during the formation of phytoliths. PhytOC is characterized by its high resistance to temperature, oxidation and decomposition under protection of phytoliths and can be stored in the soil for thousands of years.

Phytolith-occluded carbon in residues and economic benefits under rice/single-season Zizania latifolia rotation.

Zizania latifolia is a wild rice that contains phytoliths (Phyt) that have considerable potential for carbon sequestration. We hypothesized that the capacity of phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) sequestration in residues might increase by 20%, and economic profit would be twice as high under a rice/single-season Z. latifolia rotation as under rice monoculture.

Programmable Asymmetric Nanofluidic Photothermal Textile Umbrella for Concurrent Salt Management and In Situ Power Generation During Long-Time Solar Steam Generation.

Although solar-driven seawater desalination affords a highly promising strategy for freshwater-electricity harvesting by employing abundant solar energy and ocean resources, the inevitable salt crystallization on the surface of evaporators causes a sharp decline in evaporation performance and the poor electricity output of most coupled inflexible evaporation-power generation devices limits the scalability and durability in long-time practical applications. Herein, we report a simple programmable nanofluidic photothermal textile umbrella by asymmetrically depositing MoS nanosheets on cotton textiles, which allows for controllable gravity-assisted edge-preferential salt crystallization/harvesting via self-manipulated saline solution transportation in the wet umbrella and simultaneous drenching-induced electrokinetic voltage generation (0.535 V)/storage (charging a capacitor to 12.

Unidirectionally Driving Nanofluidic Transportation via an Asymmetric Textile Pump for Simultaneous Salt-Resistant Solar Desalination and Drenching-Induced Power Generation.

Solar-driven seawater desalination provides a promising technology for sustainable water energy harvesting. Although tremendous efforts have been dedicated to developing efficient evaporators, the challenge of preventing salt accumulation while simultaneously realizing high-performance steam-electricity cogeneration remains to be addressed. In this work, inspired by the water and solute transportation in plants via the wicking mechanism, a one-way asymmetric nanofluidic photothermal evaporator fabricated by disproportionately depositing photothermal MXene nanosheets on a hydrophilic cotton textile is reported for simultaneous freshwater and power production.

Cost-effective resource utilization for waste biomass: A simple preparation method of photo-thermal biochar cakes (BCs) toward dye wastewater treatment with solar energy.

Waste biomass and dye wastewater pollution have been the serious environmental problems. The interfacial solar-steam generation technology is an effective and sustainable method for the water purification. However, the complex preparation process, high economic cost and probably secondary environmental pollution of traditional photo-thermal materials restricted their practical large-scale application.

Gross NO Production Process, Not Consumption, Determines the Temperature Sensitivity of Net NO Emission in Arable Soil Subject to Different Long-Term Fertilization Practices.

Chronic amendment of agricultural soil with synthetic nitrogen fertilization and/or livestock manure has been demonstrated to enhance the feedback intensity of net NO emission to temperature variation (i.e., temperature sensitivity, TS).

Reduction of NO emission by biochar and/or 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) is closely linked to soil ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nosZI-NO reducer populations.

Biochar has been demonstrated to reduce nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from soils, but its effect is highly soil-dependent. In particular, in soils with strong nitrification potential, biochar addition may increase NO emissions. Thus, in soils with strong nitrification potential, the combination of biochar with the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) may be more effective in reducing NO emissions than biochar alone.

The complete chloroplast genome of copper-tolerance plant .

is a copper-tolerance plant colonized in copper mines in southern China. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of . The complete chloroplast genome is 150,761 bp (37.

Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glycoside isolation from the highly copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens.

Elsholtzia splendens (Lamiaceae) is a copper-tolerant plant species growing on copper deposits in the south of China. Chromatographic separation of n-BuOH extracts from the flowering aerial biomass afforded apigenin-7-O-β-D-glycoside, using macroporous resin, Sephadex™ LH-20 gel, polyamide resin as well as preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (P-HPLC) columns. Chemical structure was elucidated using HPLC/ESI-MS (electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and (1)D- and (2)D-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasorelaxant actions and mechanisms induced by total flavonoids of Elsholtzia splendens in rat aortas.

Elsholtzia splendens (ES) is, rich in flavonoids, used to repair copper contaminated soil in China, which has been reported to benefit cardiovascular systems as folk medicine. However, few direct evidences have been found to clarify the vasorelaxation effect of total flavonoids of ES (TFES). The vasoactive effect of TFES and its underlying mechanisms in rat thoracic aortas were investigated using the organ bath system.

Simultaneous separation of apigenin, luteolin and rosmarinic acid from the aerial parts of the copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens.

Elsholtzia splendens is a copper-tolerant plant species which grows on copper deposits in China. The generation of a valuable E. splendens biomass on specific contaminated sites has become one of the promising phytotechnologies.

A compound containing substituted indole ligand from a hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance under Zn exposure.

Sedum alfredii Hance is a fast-growing and high-biomass zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulator native to China. A compound containing substituted indole ligand was isolated from this Zn hyperaccumulator plants by sonication/ethanol extraction, macroporous resin column as well as preparative HPLC (P-HPLC). Hydroponic experiment showed that the concentrations of both Zn and the compound containing substituted indole ligand were remarkably increased in stems and leaves of both hyperaccumulator and non-hyperaccumulator as Zn rising from 0.

Toxicity and deficiency of copper in Elsholtzia splendens affect photosynthesis biophysics, pigments and metal accumulation.

Elsholtzia splendens is a copper-tolerant plant species growing on copper deposits in China. Spatially and spectrally resolved kinetics of in vivo absorbance and chlorophyll fluorescence in mesophyll of E. splendens were used to investigate the copper-induced stress from deficiency and toxicity as well as the acclimation to excess copper stress.

Improved cadmium uptake and accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii: the impact of citric acid and tartaric acid.

The elucidation of a natural strategy for metal hyperaccumulation enables the rational design of technologies for the clean-up of metal-contaminated soils. Organic acid has been suggested to be involved in toxic metallic element tolerance, translocation, and accumulation in plants. The impact of exogenous organic acids on cadmium (Cd) uptake and translocation in the zinc (Zn)/Cd co-hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii was investigated in the present study.

Extraction and isolation of the salidroside-type metabolite from zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance.

The active metabolite in the post-harvested biomass of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance from phytoextraction is of great interest in China. The current study demonstrates that a salidroside-type metabolite can be yielded from the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator S. alfredii biomass by means of sonication/ethanol extraction and macroporous resin column (AB-8 type) isolation.

Caffeic acid product from the highly copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens post-phytoremediation: its extraction, purification, and identification.

In the current study, caffeic acid was an important metabolite in the highly copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens. Preparation and purification of caffeic acid were performed on the dried biomass of the plants by means of sonication/ethanol extraction, followed by purification using a macroporous resin (D101 type) column and silica gel chromatography. The faint-yellow caffeic acid product was yielded with a purity of 98.