Radionuclide therapy of bevacizumab-based PNA-mediated pretargeting.

Background: The radionuclide-labeled bevacizumab (BV) is a potential therapeutic approach for vascular endothelial growth factor overexpressed tumors. Because of its large molecular weight, BV is cleared slowly in vivo , which caused damage to healthy tissues and organs. On account of this situation, using the pretargeting strategy with DNA/RNA analogs, such as peptide nucleic acid (PNA), is an effective way of treating solid tumors.

Coacervating behavior of amino acid anionic and amphoteric mixed micelle-polymer.

In this paper, coacervates were formed with mixed micelles consisting of the anionic amino acid surfactant sodium lauroylsarcosinate (NLS) and amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) in combination with cationic guar gum. Based on personal care formulation studies, coacervates were prepared by diluting a concentrated system with water to better suit the product application process. The phase behavior during dilution was revealed by turbidity, which was influenced by the mixed micelle ratio (), salt concentration, and dilution ratio ().

A novel multifunctional SERS microfluidic sensor based on ZnO/Ag nanoflower arrays for label-free ultrasensitive detection of bacteria.

This study proposes a microfluidic platform for rapid enrichment and ultrasensitive SERS detection of bacteria. The platform comprises ZnO nanoflower arrays decorated with silver nanoparticles to enhance the SERS sensitivity. The ZnO nanoflower array substrate with a 3D reticular columnar structure is prepared using the hydrothermal method.

Integrating g-CN nanosheets with MOF-derived porous CoFeO to form an S-scheme heterojunction for efficient pollutant degradation via the synergy of photocatalysis and peroxymonosulfate activation.

When confronted with wastewater that is characterized by complex composition, stable molecular structure, and high concentration, relying solely on photocatalytic technology proves inadequate in achieving satisfactory degradation results. Therefore, the integration of other highly efficient degradation techniques has emerged as a viable approach to address this challenge. Herein, a novel strategy was employed whereby the exfoliated g-CN nanosheets (CNs) with exceptional photocatalytic performance, were intimately combined with porous rod-shaped cobalt ferrite (CFO) through a co-calcination process to form the composite CFO/CNs, which exhibited remarkable efficacy in the degradation of various organic pollutants through the combination of photocatalysis and Fenton-like process synergistically, exemplified by the representative case of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH, 200 mL, 50 mg/L).

Labeling of graphene oxide with [I]AgI and its stability analysis.

To explore the new iodine labeling method of nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) was labeled by I with AgI nanoparticles. As a control, GO was also labeled by I with chloramine-T method. The stability of the two I labeling materials, viz.

Candidate genes potentially involved in molting and body size reduction in the male of the horned gall aphid, .

In general, insects grow (increase in body size) through molting. To the opposite, the body size of the males of the horned gall aphid, , gets smaller after molting and as they age. To understand the molecular bases of this rare phenomenon, transcriptomes were generated from 1-5 days old male and the data were analyzed a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).

A novel pH-sensitive antibacterial bilayer film for intelligent packaging.

Intelligent single-layer packaging is widely used in food monitoring and storage. However, most single-layer intelligent packaging has poor mechanical strength and water barrier properties. In this study, a bilayer intelligent detector film based on polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan (PVA-CS)/nano-ZnO/sodium alginate (SA) combined with anthocyanin extract (cyanidin chloride) was prepared using a layer-by-layer solution casting assembly technique.

Review on recent progress in on-line monitoring technology for atmospheric pollution source emissions in China.

Emissions from mobile sources and stationary sources contribute to atmospheric pollution in China, and its components, which include ultrafine particles (UFPs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other reactive gases, such as NH and NO, are the most harmful to human health. China has released various regulations and standards to address pollution from mobile and stationary sources. Thus, it is urgent to develop online monitoring technology for atmospheric pollution source emissions.

Anchoring black phosphorous quantum dots on BiWO porous hollow spheres: A novel 0D/3D S-scheme photocatalyst for efficient degradation of amoxicillin under visible light.

Reasonable regulation of the micro-morphology of material can significantly enhance the related performance. Herein, bismuth tungstate (BiWO, simplified as BWO) porous hollow spheres with flower-like surface were prepared successfully, and this unique morphology endowed BWO with improved photocatalytic performance by reflecting and absorbing the light multiple times inside the cavity. To inhibit the rapid recombination of photogenerated e-h pairs within BWO itself, black phosphorous quantum dots (BPQDs) were anchored onto the nanosheets of BWO sphere closely by a facile self-assembly process, which will not shade the pores of BWO owing to the small size of BPQDs, but the BP nanosheets have the chance to do that.

Gut Microbiome Alterations in Men Who Have Sex with Men-a Preliminary Report.

Background: Studies have found that HIV is mainly transmitted through the mucosal surface, and the entrance of early progression of the disease is the rectal and colonic mucosa. So, this paper aimed to explore and analyze the structural differences of gut microbiome between men who have sex with men (MSM) and those who haven't sex with men (Non-MSM), expecting finding novel biological factors that potentially impact transmission and/or disease in MSM population.

Methods: We collected a total of 33 stool samples, 16 were MSM and 17 were Non-MSM.

Chromosome-level genome assembly for the horned-gall aphid provides insights into interactions between gall-making insect and its host plant.

The aphid is an economically important insect that can induce horned galls, which are valuable for the medicinal and chemical industries. Up to now, more than twenty aphid genomes have been reported. Most of the sequenced genomes are derived from free-living aphids.

Investigating Antibacterial Efficiency and Mechanism of Oligo-thiophenes under White Light and Specific Biocidal Activity against in Dark.

More strategies are required to develop better photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). As oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) electrolytes (OPE), oligo(thiophene)s with primary amine as pendant groups (P-OT), and oligo(thiophene ethynylene) (OTE) exhibit excellent light-induced biocidal activity, we desire to converge the molecular design principles of these three kinds of antibacterial agents to combine their advantages to obtain high efficiency and economic biocides. Thus, four oligo(thiophene)s (OTs) were designed and synthesized in this study.

MOF-Derived hierarchical porous 3D ZnO/Ag nanostructure as a reproducible SERS substrate for ultrasensitive detection of multiple environmental pollutants.

The three-dimensional (3D) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for trace molecule detection has recently attracted considerable interest; however, these substrates generally either show poor sensitivity or require a complex preparation process. In this work, we have fabricated a 3D ZnO/Ag substrate using porous zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIF-8) derived ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) followed by evaporation-induced self-assembly of Ag NPs over it, which can detect multiple environmental pollutants by a facile and cost-effective method. This 3D porous substrate showed an ultra-sensitivity for detecting various types of molecules, e.

Quantitative evaluation for fluid components on 2D NMR spectrum using Blind Source Separation.

During oil and gas exploration, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate fluid components and accurately calculate the saturation of different fluids because of the overlapping of fluid components on 2D NMR spectrum. In this paper, Blind Source Separation (BSS) is proposed to separate fluid components, which utilizes the statistical independence of fluid signals on 2D NMR spectrum. Fast Independent Component Analysis (FastICA) is employed for the inverted NMR spectrums in an entire logged interval to obtain the residual information to determine the number of fluid components.

Comparison and Mechanism Study of Antibacterial Activity of Cationic and Neutral Oligo-Thiophene-Ethynylene.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential approach to resolve antibiotic resistance, and phenylene/thiophene-ethynylene oligomers have been widely studied as effective antibacterial reagents. Oligomers with thiophene moieties usually exhibit good antibacterial activity under light irradiation and dark conditions. In the previous study, we verified that neutral oligo--phenylene-ethynylenes (OPEs) exhibit better antibacterial activity than the corresponding cationic ones; however, whether this regular pattern also operates in other kinds of oligomers such as oligo-thiophene-ethynylene (OTE) is unknown.

Genetic risk factors for autism-spectrum disorders: a systematic review based on systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Background: Based on recent evidence, more than 200 susceptibility genes have been identified to be associated with autism until now. Correspondingly, cytogenetic abnormalities have been reported for almost every chromosome. While the results of multiple genes associated with risk factors for autism are still incomplete, this paper systematically reviews published meta-analyses and systematic reviews of evidence related to autism occurrence.

Phase Behavior and Rheological Properties of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/AES/Water System.

In this work, the phase behavior of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alkyl ethoxysulfate (AES)/water ternary system is investigated at 25 °C. The PVA/AES/water ternary phase diagram is conducted which shows that there are two main phases corresponding to the solid phase and the hexagonal liquid crystalline phase (H) in the ternary system. Besides these two phases, a high-viscosity liquid phase (L) and a micellar phase (L) can also be found in the phase diagram, although they just occupy small areas.

Multimodality labeling of NGR-functionalized hyaluronan for tumor targeting and radiotherapy.

Hyaluronan (HA) is a negatively charged linear polysaccharide that can interact with cluster determinant 44 (CD44) overexpressed cancers. However, HA can also bind to excess substrates in the human body leading to the lower specificity of tumor targeting. Conjugation of other targeting group to HA could enhance the uptake by cancer cell comparing to that of native HA.

Acid hydrolysis of amylose granules and effect of molecular weight on properties of ethanol precipitated amylose nanoparticles.

Amylose granules hydrolyzed with 2 M hydrochloric acid for various periods of time were used to prepare amylose nanoparticles through ethanol precipitation. Value of dextrose equivalent, viscosity average molecular weight and molecular chain length distribution of the acid hydrolyzed amylose granules were determined. The precipitated amylose nanoparticles were characterized by using dynamic light scattering and X-ray diffraction.

Biocidal Activity and Mechanism Study of Unsymmetrical Oligo-Phenylene-Ethynylenes.

Bacterial contamination and the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria demand alternate methods to deal with bacterial infections. With particular advantages, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach. As a kind of photosensitizer for PDT, light-induced antibacterial compounds like oligo--phenylene-ethynylenes (OPEs) have been widely investigated while these studies mainly focus on OPEs with quaternary ammonium salts.

Research Progress of Radiolabeled Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) Peptides for Imaging and Therapy.

Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motifs have vasculature-homing properties via interactions with the aminopeptidase N (CD13) expressed on tumor neovasculature. Numerous NGR peptides with different molecular scaffolds have been exploited for targeted delivery of different compounds for imaging and therapy. When conjugated with NGR, complexes recognize the CD13 receptor expressed on the tumor vasculature, which improves the specificity to tumor and avoids systematic toxic reactions.

Wax glands of the horned gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, at different stages.

The horned gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, inhabits the productive species of Chinese gallnuts, which have economic value. Aphid wax glands are crucial for the survival of the insects, since the secreted waterproofing wax is important to protect the aphids from predators, pathogens and honeydew contamination. In this study, we investigated the structure of wax glands and their role in different aphid stages using light and electron microscopy.

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analyses of Wolbachia in natural populations of nine galling Aphid species.

Wolbachia is one of the most abundant facultative intracellular symbionts in arthropods. It alters host biology in diverse ways, including the induction of reproductive manipulation, association of nutrient supplier and protection against pathogens. Aphids are a group of insects which exhibit interesting biological characteristics such as complex life cycles, alteration of sexual and asexual reproduction and shifts between two different hosts.

Evaluating the Photodynamic Biocidal Activity and Investigating the Mechanism of Thiazolium Cyanine Dyes.

In order to develop ideal photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT), a thiazolium group was introduced in cyanine dyes to possess the advantages of intense absorption in the visible region and anti-microbial activity. We evaluated the anti-bacterial activity of the three thiazolium cyanine dyes against (Gram-positive bacteria) and (Gram-negative bacteria) . This is the first time that such kinds of cyanine dyes are applied in the photodynamic antibiotic area.