Next-Generation Rapid and Ultrasensitive Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted the need for rapid and accurate viral detection at the point-of-care testing (POCT). Compared with nucleic acid detection, lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is a rapid and flexible method for POCT detection. However, the sensitivity of LFIA limits its use for early identification of patients with COVID-19.

Erythromycin resistance of clinical and in Shanghai, China.

species are zoonotic pathogens, as well as the prevalent cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis. The spread of antimicrobial-resistant strains poses a serious threat to global public health and attracts attention worldwide, but information about clinical is relatively limited compared to isolates from food and animals. The current study illustrated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of and isolates collected from a consecutive surveillance program between 2012 and 2019 in Shanghai, China, using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.

Development of databases for O- and K-antigen genotyping.

is an important food-borne human pathogen and presents immunogenic surface polysaccharides, which can be used to distinguish problematic and disease-causing lineages. is divided in 16 O-serotypes (O-antigen) and 71 K-serotypes (K-antigen). Agglutination tests are still the gold standard for serotyping, but many isolates are not typable by agglutination.

A pan-sarbecovirus vaccine based on RBD of SARS-CoV-2 original strain elicits potent neutralizing antibodies against XBB in non-human primates.

The recently emerged Omicron subvariants XBB and BQ.1.1 have presented striking immune evasion against most monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and convalescent plasma.

Characteristics and Genomic Diversity of Measles Virus From Measles Cases With Known Vaccination Status in Shanghai, China.

Although the highly effective measles vaccine has dramatically reduced the incidence of measles, measles, and outbreaks continue to occur in individuals who received the measles vaccine because of immunization failure. In this study, patients who have definite records of immunization were enrolled based on measles surveillance in Shanghai, China, from 2009 to 2017, and genomic characteristics regarding viruses retrieved from these cases provided insights into immunization failure. A total of 147 complete genomes of measles virus (MV) were obtained from the laboratory-confirmed cases through Illumina MiSeq.

Resistance Phenotype and Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Isolates in Shanghai.

The emergence and wide global spread of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) isolates are of great concern, and the aim of this study was to investigate drug resistance, molecular epidemiology, and genetic relationship of CRKP isolates from patients in Shanghai, China. A retrospective study was conducted from April 2018 to July 2019, and a total of 133 CRKP isolates were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by VITEK-2 automated microbiology analyzer platform (bioMérieux, France) and the broth microdilution method.

Evaluation of superinfection, antimicrobial usage, and airway microbiome with metagenomic sequencing in COVID-19 patients: A cohort study in Shanghai.

Background: In COVID-19 patients, information regarding superinfection, antimicrobial assessment, and the value of metagenomic sequencing (MS) could help develop antimicrobial stewardship.

Method: This retrospective study analyzed 323 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients for co-infection rate and antimicrobial usage in the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (SPHCC) from January 23rd to March 14th 2020. The microbiota composition was also investigated in patients with critically severe COVID-19.

Virology features of a family cluster of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Shanghai, China.

The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 is currently continuing, and the World Health Organization has announced the risk assessment of the viruses as high. In this study, we analyzed virology features of SARS-CoV-2 causing a family cluster outbreak. Among the six family members, five have been laboratory-confirmed infection of SARS-CoV-2 viruses.

Is lymph node dissection mandatory among early stage endometrial cancer patients? A retrospective study.

Background: Whether routine lymph node dissection for early endometrial cancer is beneficial to survival is still controversial. However, surgeons usually perform lymph node dissection on all patients with early endometrial cancer. This study aimed to prove that the risk of lymph node metastasis, as defined by our standard, is very low in such patients and may change the current surgical practice.

Visible-Light-Enabled Oxidative Coupling of Alkenes with Dialkylformamides To Access Unsaturated Amides.

A practical and direct method for oxidative cross-coupling of alkenes with dialkylformamides is established employing visible-light-enabled photoredox catalysis. This strategy allows efficient access to diverse unsaturated amides under mild reaction conditions. The application of an appropriate diaryliodonium salt was demonstrated to be critical to the success of this process.

Co-existence of multiple distinct lineages in serotype O4:K12.

is an important cause of foodborne gastroenteritis globally. Thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) and the TDH-related haemolysin are the two key virulence factors in pathogenicity islands harbour the genes encoding these two haemolysins. The serotyping of is based on the combination of O and K antigens.

Fluoroquinolone Resistance Mechanisms in Shigella Isolates in Shanghai, China, Between 2010 and 2015.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella isolated in Shanghai, China and to determine the genetic basis of its resistance to fluoroquinolones.

Materials And Methods: A total of 402 strains of Shigella, including 145 Shigella flexneri and 257 Shigella sonnei isolates, were analyzed. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the susceptibility of the strains to 13 antimicrobials.

Molecular and Conventional Analysis of Acute Diarrheal Isolates Identifies Epidemiological Trends, Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Profiles of Common Enteropathogens in Shanghai.

To investigate prevalence of acute diarrhea in Shanghai and analyze virulence associated-genes and antibiotic resistance of major enteropathogens using combination of conventional and molecular epidemiology methods. The 412 stool specimens were obtained by systematic sampling from diarrhea patients throughout entire year 2016. Bacterial and viral pathogens were identified and bacterial isolates were cultured and screened for antibiotic resistance profiles.

Genetic and serological identification of three Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains as candidates for novel provisional O serotypes.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, halophilic Vibrio that naturally inhabits marine and estuarine environments worldwide and has recently been recognized as one of the most important foodborne pathogens. To date, 13 O serotypes and 71 K serotypes of V. parahaemolyticus have been identified.

Exploring a photo-acousto-optic effect for noncontacting photoacoustic sensing.

To avoid the use of ultrasound transducers and coupling gel in photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), we propose photo-acousto-optic tomography (PAOT) for noncontact photoacoustic (PA) sensing. The process consists of two parts. The first portion is the same as typical PAM, which employs a pulsed laser to induce acoustic waves.

[Characterization of phenotype and molecular characteristics on Vibrio cholerae strains isolated in Shanghai, 1962-2011].

Objective: To describe the phenotype and molecular characteristics of Vibrio (V.) cholerae strains isolated in Shanghai, from 1962 to 2011.

Methods: K-B test was used to investigate the antibiotic resistance of V.

Development of O-serogroup specific PCR assay for detection and identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a human pathogen that is widely disseminated in estuarine, marine and coastal environments throughout the world, and is recognized as the leading cause of food-borne illness worldwide. V. parahaemolyticus infections have been characterized by causal associations with multiple, diverse serotypes.

[Study on the growth of Vibrio cholerae O139 within Acanthamoeba polyphaga and its survival in the cysts in low temperature].

Objective: To determine whether Acanthamoeba polyphaga could affect the survival and growth of Vibrio cholerae O139 in low temperature.

Methods: V. cholerae O139 was co-cultured with the Acanthamoeba polyphaga to be examined on its intracellular growth and survival rate within cysts at low temperature, using methods as Gram-staining, electron microscope and passage culture.

[A micro-culture method for continuous observation of free-living amoebae].

Objective: To establish a method for co-culture of amoebae and endosymbionts, also for continuously observing the microphenotype of amoebae.

Methods: 24 wells culture plate with cover glass on the wells was used as containers. Amoebae and Candida albicans were co-cultured in microdrop of medium in the wells at 37 degrees C, and observed under x1000.

[Gimenez staining: a rapid method for initial identification of legionella pneumophila in Amoeba trophozoite].

Objective: To establish a rapid staining method for facilitating initial identification of Legionella pneumophila in amoebal trophozoite.

Methods: Acanthamoeba polyphaga and Legionella pneumophila were co-cultured under laboratory condition. At consecutive time points during the culture, smears of the cultured products were made on glass slides for staining purposes.