Acidophilic partial nitrification rapid startup and robustness validation for municipal wastewater treatment: Operation performance and microorganism insights.

Acidophilic partial nitrification (a-PN) is a promising short-flow nitrogen conversion biotechnology, but achieving a rapid startup remains a significant challenge. This study explored strategies for starting up a-PN in real municipal wastewater treatment using sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). The influent alkalinity-to-NH molar ratio was maintained at 0.

Metagenomic insights into nitrite accumulation in sulfur-based denitrification systems utilizing different electron donors: Functional microbial communities and metabolic mechanisms.

Sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SADN) offers new pathway for nitrite supply. However, sequential transformation of nitrogen and sulfur forms, and the functional microorganisms driving nitrite accumulation in SADN with different reduced inorganic sulfur compounds (RISCs), remain unclear. Desirable nitrite accumulation was achieved using elemental sulfur (S-group), sulfide (S-group) and thiosulfate (SO-group) as electron donors.

Zeolitic Framework Ta and MoO Confined in Beta Zeolite Cooperatively Enhance Activity and Stability for Oxidative Desulfurization.

Oxidative desulfurization (ODS), as a novel desulfurization technique of fuel oil, possesses high desulfurization efficiency for aromatic sulfide and low cost, making it a promising approach. The key to the technology lies in the rational design of catalysts with high activity and stability. Polyoxometalates, which are environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and abundantly available, face constraints in the development of ODS applications due to their low specific surface area and difficulty in regeneration.

Preparation of MAZ-Type Zeolite with High Silica.

The Si/Al molar ratio of MAZ aluminosilicate zeolite prepared by the direct hydrothermal method is generally less than five, thus giving rise to poor thermal and hydrothermal stability for this low-silica zeolite. With the purpose of enhancing the Si/Al molar ratio of MAZ zeolite, post-synthesized methods including acetic acid treatment and steaming treatment, as well as interzeolite transformation from FAU zeolite, were employed to prepare MAZ zeolite with high silica. It was found that steaming treatment was more effective in increasing the Si/Al molar ratio in comparison with acetic acid treatment, affording a maximum Si/Al molar ratio of 16.

Exosomes regulate SIRT3-related autophagy by delivering miR-421 to regulate macrophage polarization and participate in OSA-related NAFLD.

Purpose: To analyze the role of and mechanism underlying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-derived exosomes in inducing non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD).

Methods: The role of OSA-derived exosomes was analyzed in inducing hepatocyte fat accumulation in mice models both in vivo and in vitro.

Results: OSA-derived exosomes caused fat accumulation and macrophage activation in the liver tissue.

Combined intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis in hyperacute cerebral ischemia without significant corresponding vascular occlusion/stenosis: A Preliminary investigation.

Objective: In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of various thrombolytic treatment protocols in patients with hyperacute cerebral infarction.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke within 6 h of symptom onset and with brain computer tomography angiography confirming the absence of major vessel stenosis or occlusion were eligible for this study. The enrolled patients were subsequently randomized into two groups: all the groups received the standard intravenous thrombolysis treatment with rt-PA (0.

Adipocyte-derived exosomes from obstructive sleep apnoea rats aggravate MASLD by TCONS_00039830/miR-455-3p/Smad2 axis.

A correlation exists between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and the severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), OSA can induce more severe MASLD. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism between the two is unclear. To this end, this study explored the role and possible molecular mechanisms of adipocyte-derived exosomes under OSA in aggravating MASLD.

Phase-Controlled Cobalt Catalyst Boosting Hydrogenation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-Dimethylfuran.

The search for non-noble metal catalysts for chemical transformations is of paramount importance. In this study, an efficient non-noble metal catalyst for hydrogenation, hexagonal close-packed cobalt (HCP-Co), was synthesized through a simple one-step reduction of β-Co(OH) nanosheets via a temperature-induced phase transition. The obtained HCP-Co exhibited several-times-higher catalytic efficiency than its face-centered cubic cobalt (FCC-Co) counterpart in the hydrogenation of the C=C/C=O group, especially for the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) hydrogenation (8.

Dipolarophile-Controlled Regioselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition: A Switchable Divergent Access to Functionalized -Fused Pyrrolidinyl Spirooxindoles.

-fused pyrrolidinyl spirooxindole belongs to a class of privileged heterocyclic scaffolds and is prevalent in natural alkaloids and synthetic pharmaceutical molecules. To realize the switchable synthesis of divergent -fused pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles for further biological activity evaluation via a substrate-controlled strategy, a chemically sustainable, catalysis-free, and dipolarophile-controlled three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of isatin-derived azomethine ylides with diverse dipolarophiles is described in this work. A total of 40 functionalized -fused pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles were synthesized in 76-95% yields with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >99:1 dr).

Deep eutectic solvents coupled with (NH)HCoMoO trigger aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid.

An Anderson-type polyoxometalate (NH)HCoMoO in deep eutectic solvents exhibited outstanding catalytic performance for the selective aerobic oxidation of HMF to FFCA. It is potentially a promising and highly environmentally friendly approach for biomass conversion.

miR-150-5p affects AS plaque with ASMC proliferation and migration by STAT1.

We explore miR-150-5p in atherosclerosis (AS). The AS model was constructed using Apo E mice with an injection of the miR-150-5p mimic or an inhibitor. Pathological characteristics were assessed using Oil red O staining and Masson staining.

Association Between Vitamin D Status and Undernutrition Indices in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Undernutrition, defined as stunting, wasting, and underweight, still implicates millions of infants and children worldwide. Micronutrients have pivotal effects on growth rate. The outcomes of vitamin D deficiency on undernutrition indices have stayed controversial.

Urban growth drives trait composition of urban spontaneous plant communities in a mountainous city in China.

Urban ecosystems feature intense anthropogenic activities and environmental stressors that filter species with varying life-history traits. The traits therefore provide an essential aspect to understanding how species respond to urban environments. We conducted this study in Chongqing, a mountainous city in southwestern China, and tested the hypothesis that the velocity of urban growth can alter functional compositions of urban plant communities through selection on species' taxonomic distributions and functional traits.

Deep eutectic solvents as non-traditionally multifunctional media for the desulfurization process of fuel oil.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been intensively pursued in the field of separation processes, catalytic reactions, polymers, nanomaterial science, and sensing technologies due to their unique features such as the low cost of components, ease of preparation, tunable physicochemical properties, negligible vapor pressure, non-toxicity, renewability, and biodegradability in the recent decade. Considering these appealing merits, DESs are widely used as extraction agents, solvents and/or catalysts in the desulfurization process since 2013. This review is focused on summarizing the physicochemical properties of DESs (i.

Innovative Protocols in the Catalytic Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural.

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been identified as one of the most promising biomass-based multi-purpose platform molecules. Innovative protocols, namely electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and microwave (MW)-assisted chemistry, as well as continuous-flow systems, add a new dimension and another promising toolbox for the oxidation of HMF in recent years. This Minireview deals with recent progress in the catalytic oxidation of HMF to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and other intermediates using noble, non-noble, and metal-free systems deploying emerging protocols.

lncRNA IGHC1 Acts as a ceRNA to Regulate Macrophage Inflammation via the miR-6891-3p/TLR4 Axis in Osteoarthritis.

Accumulating data have implicated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA), which may function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of microRNAs (miRNAs). lncRNA IGHC1 has been demonstrated to regulate inflammation and autoimmunity. Nonetheless, the altering effect of IGHC1 in OA remains unclear.

Dynamics and controllability of droplet fusion under gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow in a microfluidic reactor.

Gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow systems have unique advantages of controlling reagent manipulation and improving reaction performance. However, there remains a lack of insight into the dynamics and controllability of water droplet fusion assisted by gas bubbles, particularly scaling laws for use in the design and operation of complex multiphase flow processes. In the present work, a microfluidic reactor with three T-junctions was employed to sequentially generate gas bubbles and then fuse two dispersed water droplets.

Hydrothermal synthesis of boron-free Zr-MWW and Sn-MWW zeolites as robust Lewis acid catalysts.

An innovative strategy based on dual structure-directing agent-facilitated crystallization was proposed to hydrothermally synthesize boron-free Zr-MWW and Sn-MWW metallosilicates that bear great structural diversity for potential pore engineering. The metallosilicates show distinctive features in Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions as efficient heterogeneous solid catalysts.

Oxidative desulfurization of model oil over Ta-Beta zeolite synthesized via structural reconstruction.

As to metallosilicate zeolites, ions with larger size such as Ta in the gels greatly retarded their crystallization during the hydrothermal synthesis, affording long-winded synthesis periods, up-limited framework-substituted metal contents, or even frustrated outcome. An efficient hydrothermal synthesis strategy for metallosilicate, in this case of Ta framework-substituted *BEA zeolite, via structural reconstruction was proposed to stride the gap. The Ta content in our developed Ta-Beta-Re-50 zeolite achieved up to 5.

Non-coding RNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Bench to Bedside.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a common systemic and autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical and inflammatory destruction of distal joints. Its primary pathological characters are synovitis and vasculitis. Accumulating studies have implicated the critical role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in inflammation and autoimmune regulation, primarily including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA).

METTL3 Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Macrophages via NF-B Signaling Pathway.

Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), an RNA N-methyladenosine (mA) methyltransferase, is essential for the mA mRNA modification. As a key enzyme of mA methylation modification, METTL3 has been implicated in immune and inflammation regulation. However, little is known of the role and underlying mechanism of METTL3 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Intensified interzeolite transformation: ultrafast synthesis of active and stable Ti-Beta zeolites without solvents.

This study proposes a novel strategy for preparing Ti-Beta zeolite with nanosized crystals and incredibly stable isolated Ti4+ ions under solvent-free conditions via intensified interzeolite transformation from a commercially available Ti-MWW source. The obtained Ti-Beta exhibited unique catalytic performance in the oxidation of cyclohexene with aqueous hydrogen peroxide.

Long Non-coding RNA HIX003209 Promotes Inflammation by Sponging miR-6089 via TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Accumulating studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have drawn more and more attention in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which can function as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in inflammation and immune disorders. Previously, we have found that lncRNA HIX003209 is differentially expressed in RA. However, the precise mechanism of lncRNA HIX003209 in RA is still vague.