Reducing Cd and Pb Accumulation in Potatoes: The Role of Soil Passivators in Contaminated Mining Soils.

This work aimed to explore safe techniques for the utilization of farmland surrounding mining areas contaminated with heavy metals-specifically cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)-in order to achieve food security in agricultural production. A potato variety (Qingshu 9) with high Cd and Pb accumulation was used as the test crop, and seven treatments were set up: control (CK), special potato fertilizer (T1), humic acid (T2), special potato fertilizer + humic acid (T3), biochar (T4), calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (T5), and biochar + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (T6). The remediation effect of the combined application of different passivators on the accumulation of cadmium and lead in potatoes in the contaminated soil of a mining area was studied.

Analyzing the quality differences between healthy and moldy cigar tobacco leaves during the air-curing process through fungal communities and physicochemical components.

Introduction: The air-curing process of cigar tobacco, as a key step in enhancing the quality of cigars, is often susceptible to contamination by mold spores, which severely constrains the quality of cigar tobacco.

Methods: This study employed high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology and a continuous flow analysis system to analyze the differences between the microbial communities and physicochemical components of moldy and healthy cigar tobacco leaves. Furthermore, correlation analysis was performed to reveal the impact of mold on the quality of cigar tobacco.

Improvement and the relationship between chemical properties and microbial communities in secondary salinization of soils induced by rotating vegetables.

Choosing a good crop rotation plan helps maintain soil fertility and creates a healthy soil ecosystem. However, excessive fertilization and continuous cultivation of vegetables in a greenhouse results in secondary salinization of the soil. It remains unclear how crop rotation affects Yunnan's main place for vegetable growing in the greenhouse.

Wood fiber biomass pyrolysis solution as a potential tool for plant disease management: A review.

Wood vinegar is a high-value acidic byproduct of biomass pyrolysis used for charcoal production. It is widely used in agriculture and forestry. The adverse effects of synthetic fungicides on the environment and human health have prompted the increasing use of biofungicides as alternatives to traditional products in integrated plant disease management programs.

Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Wood Vinegar-Induced Stress Response against Tomato Fusarium Wilt Disease.

Wood vinegar, a by-product of charcoal biomass pyrolysis, has been used as a biofungicide in plant disease management because of its antimicrobial properties. However, the physiological and biochemical mechanisms through which wood vinegar alleviates biotic stress are poorly understood. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the resistance and regulation mechanism of wood vinegar prepared from different raw materials (ZM) and from a single raw material (SM) in controlling tomato ( "Bonny Best") Fusarium wilt at different concentrations (0.

[Effects of Different Control Measures on Cadmium and Lead Accumulation and Quality in Lettuce].

To explore the safe utilization technology of farmland polluted by the heavy metals cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) and to realize the safe production of agricultural products, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two soil passivators and five foliar inhibitors on Cd and Cd-accumulation and quality of lettuce with low Pb and Cd accumulation (KCW). The results showed that different control measures had different effects on the soil pH value of lettuce, and the application of 45 g·mbiochar-based passivator had the most significant difference in improving the soil pH value, which was increased by 0.8 units compared with that in CK.

Synergistic Reduction of Arsenic Uptake and Alleviation of Leaf Arsenic Toxicity in Maize ( L.) by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Exogenous Iron through Antioxidant Activity.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play key roles in enhancing plant tolerance to heavy metals, and iron (Fe) compounds can reduce the bioavailability of arsenic (As) in soil, thereby alleviating As toxicity. However, there have been limited studies of the synergistic antioxidant mechanisms of AMF () and Fe compounds in the alleviation of As toxicity on leaves of maize ( L.) with low and moderate As contamination.

Tunable on-chip mode converter enabled by inverse design.

Tunable mode converter is a key component of channel switching and routing for optical communication system by adopting mode-division multiplexing. Traditional mode converter hardly implements high-order mode conversion and dynamic tunability simultaneously. In this study, we design a tunable mode converter filled with liquid crystal, which can convert fundamental mode into multiple high-order modes (TE, TE, and TE) with a good performance and low intrinsic loss.

Palindrome-Embedded Hairpin Structure and Its Target-Catalyzed Padlock Cyclization for Label-Free MicroRNA-Initiated Rolling Circle Amplification.

Highly sensitive detection of microRNAs (miRNAs) is of great significance in early diagnosis of cancers. Here, we develop a palindrome-embedded hairpin structure and its target-catalyzed padlock cyclization for rolling circle amplification, named PHP-RCA for simplicity, which can be applied in label-free ultrasensitive detection of miRNA. PHP-RCA is a facile system that consists of only an oligonucleotide probe with a palindrome-embedded hairpin structure (PHP).

Exponential and efficient target-catalyst rolling circle amplification for label-free and ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of miR-21 and p53 gene.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and p53 gene can serve as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, although the development of the DNA nanostructure on the detection of cancer-related biomarkers was initially demonstrated several years ago, the challenges of developing simpler, cheaper, and multi-level detection DNA biosensors persist. Herein, based on the rolling circle amplification (RCA) coupled with the target-triggered skill, we have developed a well-designed detecting platform.

FMRP regulates STAT3 mRNA localization to cellular protrusions and local translation to promote hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.

Most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated mortalities are related to the metastasis of cancer cells. The localization of mRNAs and their products to cell protrusions has been reported to play a crucial role in the metastasis. Our previous findings demonstrated that STAT3 mRNA accumulated in the protrusions of metastatic HCC cells.

TDP-43 induces EMT and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

The trans-activation response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a nuclear protein that has been shown to be involved in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer, neuroblastoma, and melanoma. However, the effect of TDP-43 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that TDP-43 was highly upregulated in both clinical samples and cell lines of HCC.

Developing water and nitrogen budgets of a wheat-maize rotation system using auto-weighing lysimeters: Effects of blended application of controlled-release and un-coated urea.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of best management practices for reducing nitrate leaching in agricultural systems requires detailed water and nitrogen (N) budgets. A 3-year field experiment using 15 auto-weighing lysimeters was set up to quantify nitrate leaching, crop evapotranspiration (ET), and N and water use efficiencies within an intensive wheat-maize rotation system in the Northern China Plain. The lysimeter consists mainly of the following: (1) high-resolution weighing cells; (2) ceramic solution samplers for soil solutions collection; and (3) circular stainless steel leaching trays for collecting seepage water.