Binocular contributions to motion detection and motion discrimination during locomotion.

During locomotion, the visual system can factor out the motion component caused by observer locomotion from the complex target flow vector to obtain the world-relative target motion. This process, which has been termed flow parsing, is known to be incomplete, but viewing with both eyes could potentially aid in this task. Binocular disparity and binocular summation could both improve performance when viewing with both eyes.

Recruitment Patterns and Environmental Sensitivity of Glass Eels of in the Yangtze Estuary, China.

The decline of Japanese eel () populations in the Yangtze River estuary represents a critical conservation concern. Eleven-years of daily catch data during recruitment periods (i.e.

Comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of ductal carcinoma of the submandibular gland: case report and literature review.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary gland and is most commonly found in the parotid gland, followed by the submandibular gland. Due to its rarity, there is no consensus on its treatment. Surgical resection is currently the only curative treatment.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals potential mechanisms for high tolerance to submergence in arbor willows.

Background: Submergence threatens plant growth and survival by decreasing or eliminating oxygen supply. Uncovering the complex regulatory network underlying the tolerance of to submergence and identifying the key regulators are important for molecular-assisted breeding of .

Methods: In this study, we screened germplasm resources of arbor willows and discovered both submergence-tolerant and submergence-sensitive varieties.

Integrated analysis of blood mRNAs and microRNAs reveals immune changes with age in the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis).

Populations of Yangtze finless porpoises (YFPs) have rapidly declined in recent decades, raising the specter of extinction. In order to protect YFPs, a greater understanding of their biology is needed, including studying how their immune functioning changes with age. Here, we systematically studied the hematologic and biochemical parameters, as well as mRNAs and miRNAs profiles of old, adult, and young YFPs.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the endangered humphead wrasse Cheilinus undulatus: Insight into the expansion of opsin genes in fishes.

Wrasses are dominant components of major coral reef systems. Among wrasses, Cheilinus undulatus is an endangered species with high economic and ecological value that exhibits sex reversal of females to males, while sexual selection occurs in breeding aggregations. However, the molecular-associated mechanism underlying this remains unclear.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of monolignol biosynthesis genes in Koidz and their relationship to accelerated growth.

Lignin plays an important role in plant growth and development. It serves as a raw material for the manufacture of paper, animal feed, and chemical fertilizers. However, the regulation of lignin biosynthesis genes and the composition of the relevant gene families remain unclear in many plant species.

Heterogeneity of neuromasts in a fish without lateral line canals: the pufferfish () model.

Fish detect water motion with their mechanosensory lateral line. The basic functional unit of the lateral line is the neuromast. In most fish species, neuromasts are located in lateral line canals (canal neuromasts) or on the skin (superficial neuromasts).

Sound production in marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) and implications for fisheries.

Recently, several rockfish species (genus Sebastes) have been reported to be soniferous. To determine whether an additional rockfish species produces sounds, passive acoustic recordings were analyzed from captive marbled rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) during the non-spawning season. Three distinct sounds were identified based on frequency features.

Potent antioxidative and UVB protective effect of water extract of Eclipta prostrata L.

Oxidative stress, including Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation-induced skin damage, is involved in numerous diseases. This study demonstrates that water extract of Eclipta prostrata L. (WEP) has a potent effect in scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radicals, and chelating ferrous ion, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.

Comparative evolution of S7 Intron 1 and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer in Coilia nasus (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae).

Coilia nasus is widely distributed in the Yangtze River, the coastal waters of China, Korea and the Ariake Sound of Japan. Several ecotypes exist and this provides a useful model for the study of comparative diversity between molecular markers. Here we analyze and compare the nucleotide sequences between single-copy ribosomal protein S7 gene intron 1 (rpS7) and multiple-copy ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) in this species to compare the phylogenetic signal of the two nuclear genes.

PCR and magnetic bead-mediated target capture for the isolation of short interspersed nucleotide elements in fishes.

Short interspersed nucleotide elements (SINEs), a type of retrotransposon, are widely distributed in various genomes with multiple copies arranged in different orientations, and cause changes to genes and genomes during evolutionary history. This can provide the basis for determining genome diversity, genetic variation and molecular phylogeny, etc. SINE DNA is transcribed into RNA by polymerase III from an internal promoter, which is composed of two conserved boxes, box A and box B.

Use of electrosense in the feeding behavior of sturgeons.

The electro-receptive lateral line system appeared early in the evolutionary history of fish. Sturgeons, members of the primitive Chondrostei group, are known for their electroreceptors (ampullae of Lorenzini) on the head, which are thought to be sensitive to weak electric fields in aquatic environments and involved in feeding, mating and migration. Here, we report the results of a set of behavioral and electrophysiological experiments designed to determine the function and characteristics of the electrosense in cultured sturgeons.

Behavioral migration diversity of the Yangtze River Japanese Eel, Anguilla japonica, based on otolith Sr/Ca ratios.

The Yangtze River estuary is the main production area of Anguilla japonica in China, as well as the only existing fishery area for adult eels. Japanese eels are distributed in the main rivers and many tributaries from the Yangtze River estuary to the upper Jinsha River, which extend to nearly 3 000 km. However, their migration behaviors remain relatively unknown.

Circulating secretory type IIA phospholipase A2, lipoprotein (a) and soluble cellular adhesion molecule levels in patients with angina pectoris.

Objectives: To examine the plasma levels of secretory type IIA phospholipase A2 (sPLA(2)-IIA), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble platelet endothelial CAM-1 (sPECAM-1), as well as ICAM-1 (K469E) and PECAM-1 (Leu125Val) gene polymorphisms, in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable AP (SAP).

Design And Methods: We enrolled 75 patients with SAP, 72 with UAP and 80 controls without angina. Blood samples were obtained before angiography.