Morphological and functional changes of microglia cultured under different oxygen concentrations and the analysis of related mechanisms.

This study investigated the effects of different concentrations of oxygen exposure on the morphology and function of N9 microglia and analyzed its mechanisms. N9 microglia were cultured under the condition of high (95% O and 5% CO), normal (95% air and 5% CO) and low oxygen (95% CO and 5% O) concentrations. The cell morphologies were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope after 24 h.

Effect of History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Changes after Valsalva Maneuver.

Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured by transocular ultrasound is a marker of real-time intracranial pressure (ICP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between optic nerve sheath (ONS) dilation after a Valsalva maneuver and a prior history of mild to moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in a heterogeneous sample of participants. Participants were excluded if they had had a recent brain injury, were symptomatic from a prior brain injury, had a history consistent with severe TBI and/or had undergone intracranial surgery.

Activation of p53 in Immature Myeloid Precursor Cells Controls Differentiation into Ly6cCD103 Monocytic Antigen-Presenting Cells in Tumors.

CD103 dendritic cells are critical for cross-presentation of tumor antigens. Here we have shown that during immunotherapy, large numbers of cells expressing CD103 arose in murine tumors via direct differentiation of Ly6c monocytic precursors. These Ly6cCD103 cells could derive from bone-marrow monocytic progenitors (cMoPs) or from peripheral cells present within the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) population.

Salient object segmentation based on active contouring.

Traditional saliency detection algorithms lack object semantic character, and the segmentation algorithms cannot highlight the saliency of the segmentation regions. In order to compensate for the defects of these two algorithms, the salient object segmentation model, which is a novel combination of two algorithms, is established in this paper. With the help of a priori knowledge of image boundary background traits, the K-means++ algorithm is used to cluster the pixels for each region; in line with the sensitivity of the human eye to color and with its attention mechanism, the joint probability distribution of the regional contrast ratio and spatial saliency is established.

A continuous 13.3-ka record of seismogenic dust events in lacustrine sediments in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

Lacustrine sediments on the eastern Tibetan Plateau (TP) contain a wealth of information on local and regional tectonic activity. High-resolution grain-size and magnetic susceptibility measurements were conducted on the 23.4-m-thick Lixian lacustrine sedimentary sequence spanning from 19.

Differential sensitivities to dioxin-like compounds PCB 126 and PeCDF between Tg(cyp1a:gfp) transgenic medaka and zebrafish larvae.

It has been intensively documented that there are species-differences in the sensitivity to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in mammalian and avian. However, this issue is still unclear in fish. This study aimed at evaluating the differential sensitivities to DLCs in fish larvae.

A novel immunohistochemical score to predict early mortality in acute myeloid leukemia patients based on indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase expression.

Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) is an enzyme in the kynurenine pathway which augments tumor-induced immune tolerance. Previous studies in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have shown a negative correlation of IDO-1 mRNA expression with outcomes. The aim of our study was to develop a practical and objective immunohistochemical technique to quantify IDO-1 expression on diagnostic bone marrow biopsies of AML patients in order to facilitate its use in routine clinical practice.

Hydroxyurea differentially modulates activator and repressors of γ-globin gene in erythroblasts of responsive and non-responsive patients with sickle cell disease in correlation with Index of Hydroxyurea Responsiveness.

Hydroxyurea (HU), the first of two drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), produces anti-sickling effect by re-activating fetal γ-globin gene to enhance production of fetal hemoglobin. However, approximately 30% of the patients do not respond to HU therapy. The molecular basis of non-responsiveness to HU is not clearly understood.

Physiological responses and gene expression changes in the western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to progesterone at environmentally relevant concentrations.

Progesterone (P4) is a natural and synthetic steroid, widely distributed in the aquatic environments. It can lead to adverse effects on the endocrine system in aquatic organisms. This study investigated the toxicological effects of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations (4, 44, and 410ng/L) of progesterone for 42 d on adult female mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis.

A faster and simpler way of operation for Meckel's diverticulum: basal ligation combined with intraoperative frozen section.

Background: The key step in Meckel's diverticulectomy (MD) is to achieve complete resection of MD along with the ectopic epithelium. Currently main treatment methods for Meckel's diverticulum are either intestinal resection and anastomosis or wedge resection. Here we introduced a new method to treat MD.

AND IMMUNOMODULATORY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TOTAL FLAVONOIDS OF ASTRAGALUS.

Background: has long been used to improve immune function in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its main active components and potential immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory activities have not been elucidated. In the present study, the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities of total flavonoids of (TFA) isolated from were evaluated by using animal models and cell models.

Visualization of macrophage recruitment in head and neck carcinoma model using fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of infiltrating macrophages in murine models of single and double mutation head and neck tumors using a novel fluorine-19 ( F) MRI technology.

Methods: Tumor cell lines single-hit/SCC4 or double-hit/Cal27, with mutations of TP53 and TP53 & FHIT, respectively, were injected bilaterally into the flanks of (n = 10) female mice. With tumors established, perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion was injected intravenously, which labels in situ predominantly monocytes and macrophages.

Data set for fabrication of conformal two-dimensional TiO by atomic layer deposition using tetrakis (dimethylamino) titanium (TDMAT) and HO precursors.

The data and complementary information presented hare are related to the research article of "http://dx.doi.org/10.

Sequence analysis of chromosome 1 revealed different selection patterns between Chinese wild mice and laboratory strains.

Both natural and artificial selection play a critical role in animals' adaptation to the environment. Detection of the signature of selection in genomic regions can provide insights for understanding the function of specific phenotypes. It is generally assumed that laboratory mice may experience intense artificial selection while wild mice more natural selection.

Chromosome 1 Sequence Analysis of C57BL/6J-Chr1 Mouse Strain.

The Chinese Kunming (KM) mouse is a widely used outbred mouse stock in China. However, its genetic structure remains unclear. In this study, we sequenced the genome of the C57BL/6J-Chr1 (B6-Chr1) strain, the chromosome 1 (Chr 1) of which was derived from one KM mouse.

A Novel Dynamic Expression of vasa in Male Germ Cells during Spermatogenesis in the Chinese Soft-Shell Turtle (Pelidiscus sinensis).

vasa gene encodes a highly conserved DEAD-box RNA helicase, required for germ cell development across animal kingdom. Vasa mutations cause male infertility in mammals. It has been widely used as a biomarker for studying animal fertility or manipulating germ cells in organisms.

Best anthropometric discriminators of incident type 2 diabetes among white and black adults: A longitudinal ARIC study.

Objective: To determine which anthropometric measures are the strongest discriminators of incident type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among White and Black males and females in a large U.S. cohort.

Cell Compatibility of an Eposimal Vector Mediated by the Characteristic Motifs of Matrix Attachment Regions.

The characteristic sequence of β-interferon matrix attachment regions (MARs) can mediate transgene expression via episomal vectors in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. However, the host cells were from hamster ovaries, which are not suitable target cells for gene therapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the suitability of 12 different human cell lines as target cells for gene therapy.

Cell Cycle M-Phase Genes Are Highly Upregulated in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for only 3% of thyroid cancers, yet strikingly, it accounts for almost 40% of thyroid cancer deaths. Currently, no effective therapies exist. In an effort to identify ATC-specific therapeutic targets, we analyzed global gene expression data from multiple studies to identify ATC-specific dysregulated genes.

Progressing Preemptive Genotyping of CYP2C19 Allelic Variants for Sickle Cell Disease Patients.

Aims: Interindividual variability in drug response and adverse effects have been described for proton pump inhibitors, anticonvulsants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and anti-infectives, but little is known about the safety and efficacy of these medications in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We genotyped the CYP2C19 gene which has been implicated in the metabolism of these drugs in an SCD patient cohort to determine the frequencies of reduced function, increased function, or complete loss-of-function variants.

Materials And Methods: DNAs from 165 unrelated SCD patients were genotyped for nine CYP2C19 (*2, *3, *4, *5, *6, *7,*8, *12, and *17) alleles using the iPLEX ADME PGx multiplex panel.

Genome Sequencing of Chromosome 1 Substitution Lines Derived from Chinese Wild Mice Revealed a Unique Resource for Genetic Studies of Complex Traits.

Mouse resources such as Collaborative Cross, outbred stocks, Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel, and chromosome substitution strains have been instrumental to many progresses in the studies of complex traits genetics. We have established a population of chromosome 1 (Chr 1) substitution lines (C1SLs) in which donor chromosomes were derived from Chinese wild mice. Genome sequencing of 18 lines of this population showed that Chr 1 had been replaced by the donor chromosome.