Rare case of spontaneous duodeno-colic fistula.

A 48-year-old woman presented to the outpatient clinic with a 4-month history of alternating diarrhea and constipation with bloating. Physical examination revealed a body mass index of 22.89 kg/m², normal development, and no tenderness or rebound tenderness in the abdomen.

Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced biliary malignancy and associations between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and clinical outcomes.

Background: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) is a highly heterogeneous aggressive tumor, and advanced patients have poor prognosis. This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced BTC, and to explore predictive biomarkers for distinguishing effective population.

Methods: 183 advanced BTC patients admitted from September 2018 to September 2021 were retrospectively selected.

Collagen Peptides as a Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α-Stabilizing Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor to Stimulate Intestinal Iron Absorption by Upregulating Iron Transport Proteins.

Iron intervention is not always safe and effective to correct iron deficiency. Host iron absorption stimulation is emerging as a promising adjunctive/alternative treatment. Here, porcine collagen hydrolysate (CH) and collagen-derived dipeptide prolyl-hydroxyproline, rather than collagen amino acids, namely, glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline, were found to increase cellular iron reduction, absorption, and transportation, to upregulate duodenal cytochrome b (Dcytb), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), ferroportin (FPN), and hephaestin, and to nongenomically activate hypoxia-inducible factor-2α signaling in polarized Caco-2 cells.

Rare Case of Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Associated With Prostatic Cancer.

The combination of paraneoplastic pemphigus and prostate cancer is extremely unusual and has not been reported yet. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is caused by tumor-induced autoantibodies, which cause damage to the skin and mucosa. The essential treatment is active tumor control.

Crocetin Protected Human Hepatocyte LO2 Cell From TGF-β-Induced Oxygen Stress and Apoptosis but Promoted Proliferation and Autophagy AMPK/m-TOR Pathway.

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of crocetin against transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced injury in LO2 cells.

Methods: Human hepatocyte LO2 cells were pre-treated with crocetin (10 μM) for 6, 12, and 24 h, and then induced by TGF-β. Proliferation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and related proteins were assessed.

An extracellular matrix-based signature associated with immune microenvironment predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: Increased data showed that genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) are important to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. In contrast, no research was carried out that proposed that ECM-related genes should be reliable prognostic signature.

Methods: This study used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas along with The International Cancer Genome Consortium to gather ECM-related gene expression as well as clinical information related to the extracellular matrix.

Crocetin protects against fulminant hepatic failure induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine by decreasing apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden and severe liver dysfunction. Apoptosis and inflammation are essential for the pathogenesis of FHF. Crocetin, the major component present in saffron, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions; however, its role in FHF is poorly understood.

Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Dietary Flavonoid Hyperoside Using as a Model.

Oxidative stress leads to various diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. The dietary flavonol glycoside, hyperoside (quercetin-3--galactoside), exerts health benefits by preventing oxidative damage. To further understand its antioxidative defence mechanisms, we systemically investigated the regulation of hyperoside on oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide, carbon tetrachloride, and cadmium in .

[Crocetin promotes autophagy in injured rat hepatocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine ].

Objective: To observe the effect of crocetin on autophagy in rat hepatocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (D-gal) and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Cultured rat hepatocytes were exposed to LPS (1 mg/L) and Dgal (60 mg/L) to induce cell injury and treated with crocetin, 3MA, or crocetin+3MA. Twelve hours after the treatments, the cells were examined for levels of ALT, AST and LDH in the supernatant using ELISA.

miR-224 suppresses HBV replication posttranscriptionally through inhibiting SIRT1-mediated autophagy.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) enters the host and successfully completes replication by using several mechanisms, including autophagy. However, previous studies revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) widely participate in regulation of various cellular processes, such as autophagy and viral replication. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of miR-224 in HBV infection and to determine whether its role depended on the miR-224/SIRT1/autophagy axis.

Surface expression of anti-CD3scfv stimulates locoregional immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma depending on the E1A-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.

Tumor antigens is at the core of cancer immunotherapy, however, the ideal antigen selection is difficult especially in poorly immunogenic tumors. In this study, we designed a strategy to modify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by surface expressing anti-CD3scfv within the tumor site strictly, which depended on the E1A-engineered human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC.E1A) delivery system.

Dendritic cell-derived exosomes elicit tumor regression in autochthonous hepatocellular carcinoma mouse models.

Background & Aims: Dendritic cell (DC)-derived exosomes (DEXs) form a new class of vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. However, their potency in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a life-threatening malignancy with limited treatment options in the clinic that responds poorly to immunotherapy, remains to be investigated.

Methods: Exosomes derived from α-fetoprotein (AFP)-expressing DCs (DEX) were investigated in three different HCC mouse models systemically.

[Early acute liver injury in paraquat poisoning rats].

Objective: To observe hepatocellular apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines expression and their mechanisms after paraquat poisoning in rat.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into control group (n=8) and model group (n=32) by random number table. Rats in model group were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg 20% paraquat concentrate, while those in control group were injected with normal saline.

Extracellular domain of human 4-1BBL enhanced the function of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte induced by dendritic cell.

Interaction of costimulatory molecules and their receptors is crucial for tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells (sensitized DC, sDC) to promote T cell activation, clonal expansion and its antitumor immunity. To augment the costimulatory signal may regulate the interaction between DC and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and consequently enhance the antitumor response. The costimulatory ligand and receptor pair of 4-1BB/4-1BBL is one of the main factors in the costimulation of CTL.

Efficient inhibition of human B-cell lymphoma in SCID mice by synergistic antitumor effect of human 4-1BB ligand/anti-CD20 fusion proteins and anti-CD3/anti-CD20 diabodies.

Here we constructed and produced a recombinant human 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL)/anti-CD20 fusion protein and examined its antitumor activity, alone and in combination with an anti-CD3/anti-CD20 bispecific diabody. The 4-1BBL/anti-CD20 fusion protein retained both the costimulatory activity of 4-1BBL on T cells and the tumor targeting ability of CD20 antibody on B cells. The fusion protein bound as efficiently to 4-1BB- and CD20-positive cells as its respective parental antibodies, and was capable of cross-linking human T lymphocytes and CD20-positive tumor cells.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from leukemia patients inhibit growth and apoptosis in serum-deprived K562 cells.

Background: The regulation of growth and apoptosis in K562 cells by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from leukemia patients was investigated.

Methods: K562 cells were cocultured with leukemic MSCs under serum deprivation. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), PI staining, Annexin V/PI binding and FACS assays were used to investigate cell proliferation, cell cycle status, and apoptosis of K562 cells cultures in the presence or absence of 10% serum.