Objectives: This study examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in the transition from healthy status to first cardiometabolic disease, subsequent cardiometabolic multimorbidity and further to death.
Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank of 47 484 participants without cardiometabolic diseases at baseline. CRF was assessed via a 6 min incremental ramp cycle ergometer test and expressed in metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs, 1 MET=3.
Background: The distinct and combined impacts of subjective well-being (SWB) and objective well-being (OWB) on cardiometabolic diseases and cardiometabolic multimorbidity remain largely unknown.
Methods: 141,086 participants (mean age 56 years) were included from the UK Biobank study from 2006 to 2010. The SWB included happiness and life satisfaction.
Nucleic Acids Res
January 2025
This chapter explores the transformative impact of deep learning (DL) on neurosurgery, elucidating its pivotal role in enhancing diagnostic performance, surgical planning, execution, and postoperative assessment. It delves into various deep learning architectures, including convolutional and recurrent neural networks, and their applications in analyzing neuroimaging data for brain tumors, spinal cord injuries, and other neurological conditions. The integration of DL in neurosurgical robotics and the potential for fully autonomous surgical procedures are discussed, highlighting advancements in surgical precision and patient outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Asthma poses a significant global health challenge, characterized by high rates of morbidity and mortality. Despite available treatments, many severe asthma patients remain poorly managed, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. This study aims to identify potential drug targets for asthma by examining the influence of circulating plasma proteins on asthma risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Stair climbing, a straightforward and impactful form of physical activity, has shown potential in reducing risks of cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, its association with the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains largely unexplored.
Methods And Results: 451,089 participants (mean age 56.
Background: The associations between sugary beverages and genetic predisposition to depression risk remain unclear.
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the associations of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and natural juices (NJs) with depression and to assess whether these associations were modified by genetic predisposition.
Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank of 180 599 individuals aged 39-72 years who were depression-free at baseline.
Background: Despite numerous risk factors being associated with hypertension, the breadth of research remains constrained, with a notable absence of systematic, data-driven exploration into established and novel factors across a broad spectrum of exposures. This study aims to construct an atlas on known and emerging factors for hypertension through comprehensive epidemiological and genetic analyses.
Methods: We conducted exposome-wide association studies (ExWAS) via Cox regression models on two equally sized datasets for discovery and replication in UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort study.
Background: Although chronic pain was deleteriously related to single cardiometabolic diseases, the relationship between chronic pain and cardiometabolic multimorbidity remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between chronic pain with the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity.
Methods: A prospective cohort study included 452 818 participants who were free of cardiometabolic multimorbidity at baseline.
Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that domestic water hardness is linked to health outcomes, but its association to all-cause and cause-specific cancers warrants investigation.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of domestic hard water with all-cause and cause-specific cancers.
Methods: In the prospective cohort study, a total of 447,996 participants from UK Biobank who were free of cancer at baseline were included and followed up for 16 y.
Physical activity (PA) has been shown to reduce diabetes mortality, but largely based on imprecise self-reported data, which may hinder the development of related recommendations. Here, we perform a prospective cohort study of 19,624 individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from the UK Biobank with a median follow-up of 6.9 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Genetic factors and night shift work both contribute to the risk of depression, but whether the association of night shift work with depression varies by genetic predisposition remains unclear.
Objectives: To assess whether night shift work is associated with a higher risk of depression regardless of genetic predisposition.
Methods: We used data from the UK biobank of 247,828 adults aged 38-71 free of depression at baseline from March 13, 2006, to October 1, 2010.
Objectives: To evaluate the performance of multiparametric neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) radiomics in distinguishing between glioblastoma (Gb) and solitary brain metastasis (SBM).
Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, NODDI images were curated from 109 patients with Gb (n = 57) or SBM (n = 52). Automatically segmented multiple volumes of interest (VOIs) encompassed the main tumor regions, including necrosis, solid tumor, and peritumoral edema.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hearing impairment has been linked to several cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between hearing disorders, genetic predisposition, and new-onset AF remains largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Current evidence on the association between plant-based diet indices (PDIs) and mortality is inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the association of PDIs with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and to examine whether such associations were modified by socioeconomic deprivation level.
Methods: A total of 189,003 UK Biobank participants with at least one 24-h dietary assessment were included.
Telomere length (TL) shortening is a pivotal indicator of biological aging and is associated with many human diseases. The genetic determinates of human TL have been widely investigated, however, most existing studies were conducted based on adult tissues which are heavily influenced by lifetime exposure. Based on the analyses of terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length of telomere, individual genotypes, and gene expressions on 166 healthy placental tissues, we systematically interrogate TL-modulated genes and their potential functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We created discriminative models of different regions of interest (ROIs) using radiomic texture features of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and evaluated the feasibility of each model in differentiating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) from solitary brain metastasis (SBM).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 204 patients with GBM (n = 146) or SBM (n = 58). Radiomic texture features were extracted from five ROIs based on three metric maps (intracellular volume fraction, orientation dispersion index, and isotropic volume fraction of NODDI), including necrosis, solid tumors, peritumoral edema, tumor bulk volume (TBV), and abnormal bulk volume.
Introduction: Although lung function measures are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), the added predictive values of these measures remain unclear.
Methods: From the UK Biobank, 308 415 participants free of CVD with spirometry parameters were included. The CVD outcomes included were defined by QRISK3, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) and the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) prediction models, respectively.
Background: Whether a low-inflammatory diet relates to type 2 diabetes risk remains unclear. We examined the association between a low-inflammatory diet and risk of type 2 diabetes among normoglycemic and prediabetic participants. We also explored whether a low-inflammatory diet modifies genetic risk for type 2 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) deficiency on cognitive decline have been consistently reported in animal studies, but the relationship between IGF-1 and human brain health remains controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the associations of serum IGF-1 concentrations with some brain-related disorders and neuroimaging features.
Methods: This prospective study included 369,711 participants (55.
Background: Diet is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for mental health. However, evidence regarding the association between diet pattern and depressive and anxiety symptoms is limited. We aimed to investigate the associations of dietary patterns characterized by a set of nutrients of interest with depressive and anxiety symptoms.
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