Optimized circular RNA vaccines for superior cancer immunotherapy.

Circular RNA (circRNA) has gained attention as a promising platform for mRNA vaccines due to its stability, sustained protein expression, and intrinsic immunostimulatory properties. This study aimed to design and optimize a circRNA cancer vaccine platform by screening for efficient internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) and enhancing circRNA translation efficiency for improved cancer immunotherapy. We screened 29 IRES elements to identify the most efficient one for immune cell translation, ultimately discovering the A (EV-A) IRES.

Circular RNA landscape in extracellular vesicles from human biofluids.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as a prominent class of covalently closed single-stranded RNA molecules that exhibit tissue-specific expression and potential as biomarkers in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from liquid biopsies. Still, their characteristics and applications in EVs remain to be unveiled.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive analysis of EV-derived circRNAs (EV-circRNAs) using transcriptomics data obtained from 1082 human body fluids, including plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and bile.

A-Site Columnar-Ordered Perovskite CaZnVO as a Pauli-Paramagnetic Metal.

In this study, we successfully synthesized a novel A-site columnar-ordered perovskite CaZnVO. This compound features a square-planar-coordinated Zn disorder, which is the same characteristic as the centrosymmetric paraelectric CaMnTiO. Unlike CaMnTiO, which shows a centrosymmetric paraelectric-noncentrosymmetric ferroelectric transition, CaZnVO retains Pauli-paramagnetic metallicity arising from itinerant V d electrons and centrosymmetry down to 5 K.

Nonlinear Optical Properties in an Epitaxial YbFeO Film Probed by Second Harmonic and Terahertz Generation.

An epitaxial film of YbFeO, a candidate for oxide electronic ferroelectrics, was fabricated on yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate by magnetron sputtering technique. For the film, second harmonic generation (SHG), and a terahertz radiation signal were observed at room temperature, confirming a polar structure of the film. The azimuth angle dependence of SHG shows four leaves-like profiles and is almost identical to that in a bulk single crystal.

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BiPbFeO with 1:1 mixture of Bi and Pb having charge degrees of freedom at the A-site of perovskite oxide ABO is obtained for the first time by high-pressure synthesis. Comprehensive synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, optical second harmonic generation, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements revealed that BiPbFeO is a canted antiferromagnetic insulator crystalizing in a nonpolar tetragonal 4/ structure with √2 × √2 × 2 unit cell and has unusually Pb charge disproportionated BiPbPbFeO charge distribution. The valence of transition metal in BiPbO changes from 3.

[Effect of acupuncture on inflammatory factor and cartilage matrix in adjuvant arthritis rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture (acupuncture for invigorating spleen and kidney) on inflammatory factor and synovial cartilage matrix in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: A total of 60 clean male Wistar rats were randomized into a normal group, a model group, a tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet (TWP) group and an acupuncture group, 15 rats in each group. Rats in the model group, the TWP group and the acupuncture group received intradermal injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) at right hind foot pad to induce the AA model.

[Acupuncture regulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and up-regulates cell autophagy to protect sy-novial tissue of adjuvant arthritis rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture of "Yinlingquan"(SP9) and "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) on expression of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target protein of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of AA.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control, AA model, acupuncture and medication (tripterygium wilfordii) groups, with 12 rats in each group. The AA model was established by putting the rats in a windy, cold and wet environment for 12 h, once every day for 21 days and injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) into the sole of the right hindlimb on the 21 day.

[Effect of moxibustion at "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Shenshu"(BL23) on miR-155-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling involving amelioration of synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis rats].

Objective: To explore the effect of moxibustion at "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Shenshu"(BL23) on synovitis, and expressions of miR-155, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), interlukine（IL-1） receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-α and IL-6 mRNA and protein of synovial membrane in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of RA.

Methods: A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, moxibustion and antagonist groups (=12 rats in each group). The RA model was replicated by placing the rats in a wind, cold and wet environment and injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA, 0.

TEFM Enhances Transcription Elongation by Modifying mtRNAP Pausing Dynamics.

Regulation of transcription elongation is one of the key mechanisms employed to control gene expression. The single-subunit mitochondrial RNA polymerase (mtRNAP) transcribes mitochondrial genes, such as those related to ATP synthesis. We investigated how mitochondrial transcription elongation factor (TEFM) enhances mtRNAP transcription elongation using a single-molecule optical-tweezers transcription assay, which follows transcription dynamics in real time and allows the separation of pause-free elongation from transcriptional pauses.

[Acupuncture combined with western medicine on rheumatoid arthritis and effects on blood stasis].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with western medicine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its effect on blood stasis, and to explore ways to improve the clinical curative effect.

Methods: A total of 56 patients of RA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 28 cases in each one. ① ibuprofen sustained-release tablets, 2 times a day, each time 0.

Curcin C, a novel type I ribosome-inactivating protein from the post-germinating cotyledons of Jatropha curcas.

A novel type I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), designated as curcin C, was purified from Jatropha curcas, an important feedback source of bio-fuel. Molecular mass and isoelectric point of curcin C were 31.398 kDa and 7.

[Clinical efficacy of moxibustion as supplement on rheumatoid arthritis and the exploration on its mechanism].

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of moxibustion on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the patients and the impacts on the inflammatory indices.

Methods: Forty RA patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 20 cases in each one. In the control group, diclofenac sodium sustained release tablets were used, 0.

[Clinical observation of pricking blood combined with moxibustion for acute gouty arthritis].

Objective: To compare the clinical effective differences between pricking blood combined with moxibustion and west medication for acute gouty arthritis.

Methods: Forty patients with acute gouty arthritis were randomly divided into a pricking blood combined with moxibustion group (a combination group) and a western medication group, 20 cases in each one. In the combination group, pricking blood was used at the most painful points of the red turgid and painful joint once three days, total 3 times; moxibustion was applied at the same joint for 15-20 min, once a day.

JcCBF2 gene from Jatropha curcas improves freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana during the early stage of stress.

High chilling-susceptibility is becoming the bottleneck for cultivation and commercialization of Jatropha curcas L. For insights to chilling resistance ability of this plant species, a cold response transcription factor, JcCBF2, was cloned and studied. It codes a 26 kDa protein, which contains all conserved motifs unique to the C-repeat binding factor (CBF) family and has high similarity to CBFs of Ricinus communis and Populus.

Designing new chiral ketone catalysts. Asymmetric epoxidation of cis-olefins and terminal olefins.

This paper describes a new class of chiral oxazolidinone ketone catalyst for asymmetric epoxidation. High ee values have been obtained for a number of cyclic and acyclic cis-olefins. The epoxidation was stereospecific with no isomerization observed in the epoxidation of acyclic systems.