[Phylogenetic analysis for Fritillaria hupehensis: evidence from ITS, rpl16 and matK sequences].

The systematic position of Fritillaria hupehensis has been in dispute. Phylogentic analyses were conducted on sequences of ITS, rpl16, matK sequences for species of F. hupehensis and allies.

Genus Kadsura, a good source with considerable characteristic chemical constituents and potential bioactivities.

In China, the plants of genus Kadsura had been used as the folk medicines for a long time and showed good effect of activating blood and dissolving stasis, promoting qi circulation to relieve pain, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness. The bioactivities of genus Kadsura were attributed to the existence of its characteristic chemical constituents. This review systematically summarized the traditional efficacy and medicinal application of genus Kadsura in China, chemical constituents and bioactivities of the plants of genus Kadsura.

Effects of hydroxypropyl degree on physiochemical activities of chitosan from squid pens.

Chitosan was prepared by alkaline N-deacetylation of β-chitin and hydroxypropyl derivatives with different degrees of substitution (DS) were synthesized. It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and elemental analysis. The DS of hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS) calculated by an element analyzer were 0.

Comprehensive chemical analysis of Schisandra chinensis by HPLC-DAD-MS combined with chemometrics.

The fruit of Schisandra chinensis, namely "Wuweizi" in China, is a well-known herbal medicine and health food. In this paper, an accurate and reliable high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and mass spectrometry was developed for quality evaluation of Wuweizi. Nine lignans, including schisandrol A, schisandrol B, angeloylgomisin H, gomisin G, schisantherin A, schisanhenol, schisandrin A, schisandrin B, and schisandrin C were determined simultaneously in forty-three batches of Wuweizi samples collected from different localities.

Biochemical activities of 6-carboxy β-chitin derived from squid pens.

TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated 6-carboxy β-chitin derivatives (T-chitin) with different carboxylate content were successfully synthesized by controlling the addition level of NaClO as the primary oxidant. The structural and biochemical properties of the derivatives were investigated. The carboxylate contents of the derivatives calculated by electrical conductivity titration were 1.

Effects of degree of carboxymethylation on physicochemical and biological properties of pachyman.

Polysaccharides (pachyman) extracted from Poria cocos sclerotium were chemically modified by carboxymethylation and the effects on the structural and biological properties of the polysaccharides were investigated as a function of the degree of carboxymethylation. The degree of substitution (DS) of five carboxymethylated pachyman, coded as CMP1/CMP2/CMP3/CMP4/CMP5, was determined to be 0.44-0.