Interfacial Oxygen Vacancy-Copper Pair Sites on Inverse CeO2/Cu Catalyst Enable Efficient CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol in Acid.

Renewable electricity-driven electrochemical reduction of CO2 offers a promising route for production of high-value ethanol. However, the current state of this technology is hindered by low selectivity and productivity, primarily due to limited understanding of the atomic-level active sites involved in ethanol formation. Herein, we identify that the interfacial oxygen vacancy-neighboring Cu (Ov-Cu) pair sites are the active sites for CO2 electroreduction to ethanol.

Regulating Interfacial Hydrogen-Bonding Networks by Implanting Cu Sites with Perfluorooctane to Accelerate CO Electroreduction to Ethanol.

Efficient CO electroreduction (CORR) to ethanol holds promise to generate value-added chemicals and harness renewable energy simultaneously. Yet, it remains an ongoing challenge due to the competition with thermodynamically more preferred ethylene production. Herein, we presented a CO reduction predilection switch from ethylene to ethanol (ethanol-to-ethylene ratio of ~5.

Kiwifruit in the Omics Age: Advances in Genomics, Breeding, and Beyond.

The kiwifruit, genus, has emerged as a nutritionally rich and economically significant crop with a history rooted in China. This review paper examines the global journey of the kiwifruit, its genetic diversity, and the role of advanced breeding techniques in its cultivation and improvement. The expansion of kiwifruit cultivation from China to New Zealand, Italy, Chile and beyond, driven by the development of new cultivars and improved agricultural practices, is discussed, highlighting the fruit's high content of vitamins C, E, and K.

Twin defect-rich Pt ultrathin nanowire nanozymes alleviate inflammatory skin diseases by scavenging reactive oxygen species.

Nanozymes with superior antioxidant properties offer new hope for treating oxidative stress-related inflammatory skin diseases. However, lacking sufficient catalytic activity or having complex material designs limit the application of current metallic nanozymes in inflammatory skin diseases. Here, we report a simple and effective twin-defect platinum nanowires (Pt NWs) enzyme with multiple mimetic enzymes and broad-spectrum ROS scavenging capability for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases in mice (including psoriasis and rosacea).

Identifying the distinct roles of dual dopants in stabilizing the platinum-nickel nanowire catalyst for durable fuel cell.

Stabilizing active PtNi alloy catalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction is essential for fuel cell. Doping of specific metals is an empirical strategy, however, the atomistic insight into how dopant boosts the stability of PtNi catalyst still remains elusive. Here, with typical examples of Mo and Au dopants, we identify the distinct roles of Mo and Au in stabilizing PtNi nanowires catalysts.

Genome-wide identification of the heat shock transcription factor gene family in two kiwifruit species.

High temperatures have a significant impact on plant growth and metabolism. In recent years, the fruit industry has faced a serious threat due to high-temperature stress on fruit plants caused by global warming. In the present study, we explored the molecular regulatory mechanisms that contribute to high-temperature tolerance in kiwifruit.

Exploring the dynamics and influencing factors of CD4 T cell activation using single-cell RNA-seq.

T cell activation is a key event in adaptive immunity. However, the dynamics and influencing factors of T cell activation remain unclear. Here, we analyzed CD4 T cells that were stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 under several conditions to explore the factors affecting T cell activation.

Stability Issues in Electrochemical CO Reduction: Recent Advances in Fundamental Understanding and Design Strategies.

Electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CO RR) offers a promising approach to close the anthropogenic carbon cycle and store intermittent renewable energy in fuels or chemicals. On the path to commercializing this technology, achieving the long-term operation stability is a central requirement but still confronts challenges. This motivates to organize the present review to systematically discuss the stability issue of CO RR.

Programmable Synthesis of High-Entropy Nanoalloys for Efficient Ethanol Oxidation Reaction.

Controllable synthesis of nanoscale high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with specific morphologies and tunable compositions is crucial for exploring advanced catalysts. The present strategies either have great difficulties to tailor the morphology of nanoscale HEAs or suffer from narrow elemental distributions and insufficient generality. To overcome the limitations of these strategies, here we report a robust template-directed synthesis to programmatically fabricate nanoscale HEAs with controllable compositions and structures via independently controlling the morphology and composition of HEA.

Cytosine base editors (CBEs) for inducing targeted DNA base editing in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Background: The base editors can introduce point mutations accurately without causing double-stranded DNA breaks or requiring donor DNA templates. Previously, cytosine base editors (CBEs) containing different deaminases are reported for precise and accurate base editing in plants. However, the knowledge of CBEs in polyploid plants is inadequate and needs further exploration.

Genomic analyses reveal dead-end hybridization between two deeply divergent kiwifruit species rather than homoploid hybrid speciation.

Despite the importance of hybridization in evolution, the evolutionary consequence of homoploid hybridizations in plants remains poorly understood. Specially, homoploid hybridization events have been rarely documented due to a lack of genomic resources and methodological limitations. Actinidia zhejiangensis was suspected to have arisen from hybridization of Actinidia eriantha and Actinidia hemsleyana or Actinidia rufa.

Genome-wide analysis of the cellulose toolbox of Primulina eburnea, a calcium-rich vegetable.

Background: Human-guided crop domestication has lasted for more than 10,000 years. In terms of the domestication and breeding of vegetables, cellulose content in edible tissues is one of the most important traits. Primulina eburnea is a recently developed calcium-rich vegetable with a high soluble and bioavailable calcium content in its leaves.

Genetic and molecular analysis of the anthocyanin pigmentation pathway in .

Introduction: Flower color is an ideal trait for studying the molecular basis for phenotypic variations in natural populations of species. (Berberidaceae) species exhibit a wide range of flower colors resulting from the varied accumulation of anthocyanins and other pigments in their spur-like petals and petaloid sepals.

Methods: In this work, the anthocyanidins of eight different species with different floral pigmentation phenotypes were analyzed using HPLC.

Steering CO electroreduction pathway toward ethanol via surface-bounded hydroxyl species-induced noncovalent interaction.

Selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) into ethanol at an industrially relevant current density is highly desired. However, it is challenging because the competing ethylene production pathway is generally more thermodynamically favored. Herein, we achieve a selective and productive ethanol production over a porous CuO catalyst that presents a high ethanol Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 44.

A universal synthesis of ultrathin Pd-based nanorings for efficient ethanol electrooxidation.

Metallic nanorings (NRs) with open hollow structures are of particular interest in energy-related catalysis due to their unique features, which include the high utilization of active sites and facile accessibility for reactants. However, there is still a lack of general methods for synthesizing Pd-based multimetallic NRs with a high catalytic performance. Herein, we develop a template-directed strategy for the synthesis of ultrathin PdM (M = Bi, Sb, Pb, BiPb) NRs with a tunable size.

Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation.

The STAY-GREEN (SGR) proteins play an important role in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and are closely related to plant photosynthesis. However, the availability of inadequate studies on SGR motivated us to conduct a comprehensive study on the identification and functional dissection of SGR superfamily members in kiwifruit. Here, we identified five genes for each of the kiwifruit species [ (Ac) and (Ae)].

CO electroreduction to multicarbon products in strongly acidic electrolyte via synergistically modulating the local microenvironment.

Electrochemical CO reduction to multicarbon products faces challenges of unsatisfactory selectivity, productivity, and long-term stability. Herein, we demonstrate CO electroreduction in strongly acidic electrolyte (pH ≤ 1) on electrochemically reduced porous Cu nanosheets by combining the confinement effect and cation effect to synergistically modulate the local microenvironment. A Faradaic efficiency of 83.

Germplasm resources and genetic improvement of : A new fruit crop in China.

species, belonging to Lardizabalaceae, are widespread from subtropical to temperate environments of China, Japan, and Korea. All known species have medicinal and dietary value and have been widely cultivated as a new fruit crop in many areas of China. However, compared with other crop species, the breeding improvement and commercial cultivation of remain in their infancy.

Discovery and Domestication of New Fruit Trees in the 21st Century.

The exploration and use of wild plant resources goes back to our rooted history of human civilization over about 20,000 years ago, before Ancient Mesopotamia in the Valley of the Tigris and Euphrates where barley, lentil and wheat were first domesticated [...

Phylogenetic Analysis of L. in China: A Basis for Genetic Improvement of a Berry Crop.

L. is found in wild or grown as ornamental plants and is increasingly regarded as underutilized berry shrubs by breeders. This genus has cosmopolitan distribution with various species widely distributed in China, Europe, the United States, and Canada.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family in Kiwifruit and Regulatory Role of for Chlorophyll a Content.

Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (LHC) protein is a superfamily that plays a vital role in photosynthesis. However, the reported knowledge of LHCs in kiwifruit is inadequate and poorly understood. In this study, we identified 42 and 45 genes in (Ac) and (Ae) genomes.

The genome sequencing and comparative analysis of a wild kiwifruit Actinidia eriantha.

The current kiwifruit industry is mainly based on the cultivars derived from the species Actinidia chinensis (Ac) which may bring risks such as canker disease. Introgression of desired traits from wild relatives is an important method for improving kiwifruit cultivars. Actinidia eriantha (Ae) is a particularly important taxon used for hybridization or introgressive breeding of new kiwifruit cultivars because of its valued species-specific traits.