Immunogenicity of Short-Course, High-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Shanxi Province, China, 2019-2020.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: As one of the populations at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require rapid and effective development of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs).

What Is Added By This Report?: The short-course, high-dose regimen of hepatitis B vaccination rapidly induced comparable immunological responses to the routine regimen, achieving a seroconversion rate of 88.5%, a high-response rate of 64.

Preclinical pharmacokinetic studies and prediction of human PK profiles for Deg-AZM, a clinical-stage new transgelin agonist.

Introduction: Deglycosylated azithromycin (Deg-AZM), a newly developed Class I drug with good therapeutic effects on slow transit constipation, is a small-molecule transgelin agonist that has been approved for clinical trials in 2024. The preclinical pharmacokinetic profile of Deg-AZM was investigated to support further development.

Methods: A LC-MS/MS method was established and validated to detected the concentration of Deg-AZM in various biological samples.

Inhalation Lenalidomide-Loaded Liposome for Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Improvement.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, fibrotic interstitial lung disease with unclear etiology and increasing prevalence. Pulmonary administration can make the drug directly reach the lung lesion location and reduce systemic toxic and side effects. The effectiveness of lenalidomide (Len) liposomal lung delivery in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was investigated.

Long-term outcomes in health-related quality of life influence chronic disease management in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Significantly improved survival in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) has raised interest in maintaining a good quality of long-term survivorship. In this study, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement was used to assess the long-term changes of physical and mental outcomes.

Methods: A total of 559 consecutive inpatients with PH completed generic HRQOL (Short Form-36) who were diagnosed with PH by right heart catheterization.

Sex-specific differences in sleep-disordered breathing and nocturnal hypoxemia in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease.

Objective: Although chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTEPD) are known to be accompanied by symptoms associated with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and nocturnal hypoxemia, the sex-specific differences of SDB and nocturnal hypoxemia in patients with CTEPH and CTEPD remain unknown.

Methods: Between July 2020 and August 2022, data were retrieved from 57 males and 63 female patients with CTEPH and CTEPD who underwent sleep study at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Nocturnal mean SpO (mean SpO) < 90% was defined as nocturnal hypoxemia.

Duration of immunogenicity of high-dose and prolonged-schedule hepatitis B vaccine among patients with chronic kidney disease: A one year follow-up study in China.

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have immunological defects that result in reduced production and faster decay of anti-HBs after hepatitis B vaccination. We assessed the duration of the immunogenicity after four-standard-dose and four-triple-dose regimens among patients with CKD.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted between May 2019 and February 2020.

Immunogenicity and safety of a high-dose and prolonged-schedule hepatitis B vaccine among chronic kidney disease patients: a randomized, parallel-controlled trial.

: The immunogenicity against hepatitis B vaccine is unsatisfactory in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and studies evaluating augmented vaccine regimens to enhance immunogenicity have been inconclusive.: To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of four-standard-dose and four-triple-dose regimens hepatitis B vaccine among CKD patients in China.: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled trial including 273 patients with CKD who were randomly allocated to receive 3 or 4 doses of 20 or 60 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.

Long-term persistent immunogenicity after successful standard and triple-dosed hepatitis B vaccine in hemodialysis patients: A 3-year follow-up study in China.

Background: Although the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccines among hemodialysis patients has been documented, the long-term persistence of immunogenicity in this population remains largely unknown. We explored the long-term persistence of immunogenicity induced by different hepatitis B vaccine regimens in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: In initial study, we conducted a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial among hemodialysis patients in 13 hospitals in Shanxi Province, China.

Preparation of 3D Printed Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Double Network Hydrogel Scaffolds.

In this work, a 3D printed double-network (DN) hydrogel scaffold is designed with chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the framework matrix. The addition of PVA into the CS-based hydrogel clearly enhances the mechanical properties and lowers the swelling behaviors of the hydrogels. The crosslinking of CS with genipin can perform the pre-crosslinking to improve the viscosity and 3D printability of the hydrogel precursor, while increasing the PVA content results in lowering the viscosity and 3D printability of the pre-crosslinked hydrogel.

The Influence of Intrinsic Motivation on Pay Satisfaction Among Caregivers in Residential Home for the Elderly in China: The Mediating Role of Job Burnout.

Background: According to the theory of compensating differentials, caregivers with high levels of intrinsic motivation should exhibit a higher-than-average satisfaction with their pay. Whereas studies conducted in Western countries have provided empirical evidence for the theory of compensating differentials in various care settings, few studies have been conducted in China that focus on caregivers employed in residential homes for the elderly (RHE). The sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers in China different significantly from their counterparts in Western countries.

The Association Between the Special Subsidy for Families Practicing Family Planning and the Mental Health of Loss/Disability-of-Single-Child Parents: Evidence from China.

This study evaluated the association between the special subsidy policy and the mental health of loss/disability-of-single-child parents (LCPs/DCPs) in China and found that accepting the special subsidy is inversely related to the mental health of LCPs and DCPs. In addition, accepting the subsidy is more inversely related to the mental health of LCPs than DCPs, of rural parents than urban parents, of male parents than female parents, and of loss/disability-of-single-son parents than loss/disability-of-single-daughter parents. According to taboo trade-off theory, we proposed several explanations for the finding and put forward some policy recommendations.

The Modulation of Laser Refractive Surgery on Sensory Eye Dominance of Anisometropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of laser refractive surgery on sensory eye dominance of anisometropia.

Methods: A total of 156 subjects with nonanisometropic myopia and 70 subjects with anisometropic myopia were enrolled in the first part of the study. The dichoptic motion coherence threshold technique was applied to collect the normal dataset and distribution of sensory eye dominance.

Intrinsic motivation and turnover intention among geriatric nurses employed in nursing homes: the roles of job burnout and pay satisfaction.

: Few studies have examined intrinsic motivation that is related to turnover intention among geriatric nurses employed in nursing homes in China. : This study aims at investigating the relationship between intrinsic motivation and turnover intention among geriatric nurses employed in nursing homes in China by analyzing the mediating roles of job burnout and pay satisfaction. : Based on multistage stratified random sampling, a total of 1212 geriatric nurses was investigated by a questionnaire in China.

Gender Differences in Mental Health of Bereaved Parents in an Only-Child Society: Evidence From China.

This study examined gender differences in mental health of bereaved parents related to the gender of deceased only child in China, an only-child society with traditional culture of son preference, using data drawn from the China Family Planning Survey on Vulnerable Households in 2017. The findings indicated that parents with deceased only child suffered from more negative mental health symptoms than nonbereaved parents. For only-child-death families, there were no statistically significant gender differences in mental health of parents, and the gender of the deceased only child was basically unrelated to maternal/paternal mental health.

Discovery of cyanopyridine scaffold as novel indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors through virtual screening and preliminary hit optimisation.

With the aim of discovering novel IDO1 inhibitors, a combined similarity search and molecular docking approach was employed to the discovery of 32 hit compounds. Testing the screened hit compounds has led to several novel submicromolar inhibitors. Especially for compounds LVS-019 with cyanopyridine scaffold, showed good IDO1 inhibitory activity.

Comparison of optical quality after implantable collamer lens implantation and wavefront-guided laser keratomileusis.

Aim: To compare the optical quality after implantation of implantable collamer lens (ICL) and wavefront-guided laser keratomileusis (WG-LASIK).

Methods: The study included 40 eyes of 22 patients with myopia who accepted ICL implantation and 40 eyes of 20 patients with myopia who received WG-LASIK. Before surgery and three months after surgery, the objective scattering index (OSI), the values of modulation transfer function (MTF) cutoff frequency, Strehl ratio, and the Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS) values (OVs) were accessed.

Fixation Stability Measurement Using Two Types of Microperimetry Devices.

Purpose: We compared the fixation stability measurements obtained with two microperimeters, the Micro Perimeter 1 (MP-1) and the Spectral OCT/SLO (OCT/SLO), in subjects with and without maculopathies.

Methods: A total of 41 eyes with no known ocular diseases and 45 eyes with maculopathies were enrolled in the study. Both eyes of each participant had a 20-second fixation test using the MP-1 and OCT/SLO.

Retinal sensitivity is a valuable complementary measurement to visual acuity--a microperimetry study in patients with maculopathies.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in macular sensitivity, as measured with microperimetry, among patients with maculopathy and stable visual acuity (VA).

Methods: Macular sensitivity was assessed using the Spectral OCT/SLO™ microperimetry (OCT/SLO, Optos Plc., Dunfermline, UK) in 25 eyes (16 patients) with maculopathy and stable VA (<5 letters change in ETDRS score) at two consecutive clinic visits.

Assessment of Central Retinal Sensitivity Employing Two Types of Microperimetry Devices.

Purpose: To compare the retinal sensitivity measurements obtained with two microperimeters, the Micro-Perimeter 1 (MP-1) and the Optos optical coherence tomography (OCT)/scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) in subjects with and without maculopathies.

Methods: Forty-five eyes with no known ocular disease and 47 eyes with maculopathies were examined using both microperimeters. A contrast-adjusted scale was applied to resolve the different stimuli and background luminance existing between the two devices.

Prevalence of high astigmatism in children aged 3 to 6 years in Guangxi, China.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and type of high astigmatism among children aged 3 to 6 years in Guangxi, a relatively undeveloped province in western China, and to examine the correlation between astigmatism and visual acuity.

Methods: Children aged 3 to 6 years in Nanning, the capital of Guangxi Province, participated in a population-based survey using a cluster random sampling technique. Eye examinations included autorefraction, visual acuity measurements, and assessments of the external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus.

Longitudinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography changes in eyes with intraocular lymphoma.

Background: Cases of patients with primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) were retrospectively analyzed to describe the longitudinal intra-retinal morphological changes in PIOL as visualized on images obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Results: In a retrospective case series, Heidelberg Spectralis SD-OCT images obtained in the longitudinal evaluation of patients with biopsy-proven PIOL were analyzed and assessed. The images were graded for the presence of macular edema (ME), pigment epithelial detachment (PED), subretinal fluid (SRF), and hyperreflective signals.

Association of retinal sensitivity to integrity of photoreceptor inner/outer segment junction in patients with diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between retinal sensitivity and the photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) layer status in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Twenty-five adult patients (37 eyes) diagnosed with DME and managed at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, MD).

New treatment options for noninfectious uveitis.

Autoimmune uveitis is a group of sight-threatening inflammatory diseases associated with an exacerbated immunological response to ocular proteins. The Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group Guidelines have recommended the use of corticosteroids as the first line of therapy for patients who present with active uveitis. However, long-term use of corticosteroids is associated with numerous adverse effects including cataract, glaucoma and metabolic disorders.