Ferroptosis: a potential target for acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is caused by a variety of intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary factors and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress is an important part of the pathological mechanism of ALI. Ferroptosis is a mode of programmed cell death distinguished from others and characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

25-hydroxycholesterol promotes proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating ERβ/TNFRSF17 axis.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the main type of lung cancer in women. Our previous findings have evidenced that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) promotes migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells (LAC), during which LXR as a 25-HC receptor plays an important role. Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is a receptor of 27-hydroxycholesterol that is structurally analogous to 25-HC, but its role in the functional actions of 25-HC remained largely unknown.

Research progress on the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in septic cardiomyopathy.

Sepsis is an uncontrolled host response to infection, resulting in a clinical syndrome involving multiple organ dysfunctions. Cardiac damage is the most common organ damage in sepsis. Uncontrolled inflammatory response is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy (SCM).

[Predictive effect of combined procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and antithrombin III on the severity and prognosis of patients with sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and antithrombin III (AT III) with the severity of sepsis, and to compare the predictive value of the above indicators alone or in combination.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Eighty-five patients with sepsis admitted to the department of intensive care medicine of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from April 2021 to September 2022 were enrolled.

Emerging roles of microRNAs in septic cardiomyopathy.

As one of the serious complications of sepsis, septic cardiomyopathy has gained more and more attention, because of its high morbidity and mortality. With the in-depth study of septic cardiomyopathy, several methods have been adopted clinically but have poor therapeutic effects due to failure to find precise therapeutic targets. In recent years, microRNAs have been found to be related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of septic cardiomyopathy via regulating immunity and programmed cell death.

Hyperuricaemia is an important risk factor of the erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Serum uric acid can affect endothelial function, and hyperuricaemia-induced endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. As endothelial dysfunction is also a main pathogenic mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED), the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricaemia and ED via systemic review and meta-analysis. Five cohort studies and six cross-sectional studies on hyperuricaemia and ED, including a total of 454,510 participants, were recruited.

The role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in septic cardiomyopathy.

Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM)is common in septic patients and results in cardiovascular failure. The pathogenesis of SCM is complicated, and patients with SCM have high mortality because current treatment methods are limited. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) modulates inflammatory responses through vagus nerve stimulation that leads to the release of acetylcholine (ACh), which binds to the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR).

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

Traced back to December 2019, an unexpected outbreak of a highly contagious new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) has rapidly swept around China and the globe. There have now been an estimated 2 580 000 infections and more than 170 000 fatal cases around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that approximately 14% of infections developed into severe disease, 5% were critically ill, and the mortality rate of critically ill patients is reported to be over 50%.

Role of pulmonary function and FeNO detection in early screening of patients with ACO.

Measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a quantitative and non-invasive approach to examine airway inflammation, which is a powerful aid in diagnosing chronic disorders of airways like asthma. Diagnostic value of FeNO and relevant indices on pulmonary function in the patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was evaluated. A total of 164 patients [58 asthma, 49 COPD and 57 asthma-COPD overlap (ACO)] were randomly recruited.

Current Status of Septic Cardiomyopathy: Basic Science and Clinical Progress.

Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a complication that is sepsis-associated cardiovascular failure. In the last few decades, there is progress in diagnosis and treatment despite the lack of consistent diagnostic criteria. According to current studies, several hypotheses about pathogenic mechanisms have been revealed to elucidate the pathophysiological characteristics of SCM.

The Effects of High-volume Hemofiltration by Different Ultrasound Directing on Extra Vascular Lung Water Index in Patients with Septic Shock.

Background: We explored the effects of high-volume hemofiltration(HVHF) by different ultrasound directing on the plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-Pro-BNP), extra vascular lung water index (EVLWI), liquid net balance quantity and prognosis in patients with septic shock.

Methods: Overall, 107 intensive patients with septic shock were enrolled by retrospective analysis from Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University from 2014-2017. According to HVHF by different ultrasound directing, all the patients were divided into two groups ((ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM), group A, n=51cases)) and ((critical bedside ultrasound (CBU), group B, n=56cases)).

Red blood cell distribution width as a risk factor for inhospital mortality in obstetric patients admitted to an intensive care unit: a single centre retrospective cohort study.

Background: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been shown to predict mortality in critically ill patients. To our knowledge, whether or not RDW is associated with clinical outcomes of obstetric patients requiring critical care has not been evaluated.

Methods: This was a single centre, retrospective, observational study of obstetric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Effects of atorvastatin combined with low-molecular-weight heparin on plasma inflammatory cytokine level and pulmonary pathophysiology of rats with sepsis.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of atorvastatin combined with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on plasma early inflammatory cytokine levels as well as pulmonary pathophysiology of rats with sepsis. A total of 122 rats were randomly divided into five groups including the sham operation group (n=10), CLP group (n=10), atorvastatin group (n=34, 20 mg/kg/day), LMWH group (n=34, 100 IU/kg/day), and atorvastatin combined with LMWH group (n=34). Blood samples from 6 rats in each group were collected to detect TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1 concentration in plasma by linked immunosorbent assay at baseline and postoperatively at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h.

[Protective effects of combined use of atorvastatin and low molecular weight heparin on the inflammatory reaction and pulmonary functions in rats with sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the influence of combined use of atorvastatin (ATO) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the inflammatory reaction and pulmonary protection functions in rats with sepsis.

Methods: A total of 122 healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into five groups using a random number table: sham-operated group (sham group, n =10),sepsis group (n =10),ATO group (n =34),LMWH group (n =34),and ATO combined with LMWH group (ATO+LMWH group, n =34).The rat model of sepsis was reproduced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP),while in sham group, rats were only subjected to laparotomy without cecum ligation and puncture.

Effect of probiotics on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled multicenter trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential preventive effect of probiotics on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods: This was an open-label, randomized, controlled multicenter trial involving 235 critically ill adult patients who were expected to receive mechanical ventilation for ≥48 h. The patients were randomized to receive (1) a probiotics capsule containing live Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis (Medilac-S) 0.

[Study of the effects of high volume hemofiltration on extra vascular lung water and alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with septic shock].

Objective: To explore the effects of high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on inflammatory factors, extra vascular lung water and alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with septic shock.

Methods: The data of 87 patients with septic shock underwent fluid resuscitation admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether HVHF was used or not, all the patients were divided into fluid resuscitation group (n=41) and HVHF group (n=46).

[Effect of continuous high-volume hemofiltration in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the effect of continuous high-volume hemofiltration (CHVHF) in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. Sixty-five patients with severe ARDS admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) from June 2007 to June 2011 were divided into control group (n=28) and treatment group (n=37).

Effectiveness of combining plasma exchange with continuous hemodiafiltration on acute Fatty liver of pregnancy complicated by multiple organ dysfunction.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare disease of progressive hepatic insufficiency and secondary systemic complications that induce significant maternal risk. The application of combining plasma exchange (PE) and continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) is a novel concept for patients with AFLP. Since 2002, we have utilized the combination of PE with CHDF as adjunctive medical therapy for 11 AFLP patients with multiple organ dysfunction.

[The effects of joint administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and high-volume hemofiltration on patients with acute lung injury and acute kidney injury].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (6% HES 130/0.4, voluven) in combination with high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) in patients with ALI and AKI.

Methods: One hundred and eight patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) were enrolled from Department of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University between August 2006 and May 2011.

Effects of high-volume hemofiltration on alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock.

Background: High-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) is technically possible in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Continuous HVHF is expected to become a beneficial adjunct therapy for SAP complicated with MODS. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of fluid resuscitation and HVHF on alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score in patients with refractory septic shock.

[The role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in interleukin-6 induction by lipopolysaccharide in vascular smooth muscle cells].

Objective: To investigate the regulation mechanism of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods: Rat VSMCs were divided into LPS group, SB203580+LPS group, SB203580 group and control group. LPS group was treated with 100 microg/L LPS for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours, SB203580+LPS group was first treated with 10 micromol/L SB203580 for 2 hours and then exposed to 100 microg/L LPS for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours, SB203580 group was pretreated with 10 micromol/L SB203580 for 2 hours.

Effects of clopidogrel on vascular proliferation and apoptosis in an atherosclerotic rabbit model.

Inflammation, vascular proliferation. and apoptosis contribute to the process of atherosclerosis. Clopidogrel has been used to treat atherosclerosis; however, the mechanism is not entirely known.

Incidence and risk factors of gastrointestinal bleeding in mechanically ventilated patients.

Background: The widespread use of gastrointestinal bleeding prophylaxis in critically ill patients was one of the most controversial issues. Since few studies reported the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding in mechanically ventilated patients, this study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors related to gastrointestinal bleeding in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours.

Methods: A total of 283 ICU patients who had received mechanical ventilation for longer than 48 hours at a provincial hospital affiliated to Shandong University from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.