Correlation Analyses of Amylase and Protease Activities and Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Bran During Solid-State Fermentation.

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has emerged as an effective method for wheat bran valorization, providing advantages like cost reduction, decreased water usage, and enhanced product quality. In this study, wheat bran was fermented using to evaluate the extraction yield of soluble dietary fiber, the activities of protease and amylase, and the physicochemical characteristics of wheat bran during SSF. The findings demonstrated that the maximum yield of soluble dietary fiber was achieved after 120 h of fermentation at a moisture content of 55%.

snRNA-seq of adipose tissues reveals the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms of cold and disease resistance in Mongolian cattle.

Background: Mongolian cattle are local breeds in northern China with excellent adaptability to harsh environmental conditions. Adipose tissues play essential roles in tolerance to cold and disease, but the associated cellular and molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Methods: Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) was performed on the adipose tissues from the subcutaneous (SAT), greater omentum (OAT) and perirenal (PAT) of 3 healthy cattle.

Tunable Luminescent Properties and Multifunctional Imaging Applications of (GdR)OS:Tb (R = Y, La) Phosphor and Screen.

GdOS:Tb phosphor screens are widely used in image intensifiers, computed tomography, and neutron imaging. To improve the luminescent properties and thermal stability, (GdR)OS:Tb (R = Y, La) ( = 0, 0.05, 0.

Preparation and Application of Alpha Toxin Nanobodies.

All subtypes of () produce the alpha toxin (CPA), which can cause enteritis or enterotoxemia in lambs, cattle, pigs, and horses, as well as traumatic clostridial myonecrosis in humans and animals. CPA acts on cell membranes, ultimately leading to endocytosis and cell death. Therefore, the neutralization of CPA is crucial for the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by .

The 30 m vegetation maps from 1990 to 2020 in the Tibetan Plateau.

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial for global climate change and China's ecological security. Given recent drastic changes in vegetation from climate change and human activities, long-term vegetation monitoring is urgently required. This study produced the vegetation maps of the TP from 1990 to 2020 every ten years using random forest classifier and Landsat imagery.

High Thermoelectric Performance in Bismuth Telluride via Constructing MoSe-2D Heterojunction.

Currently, the only thermoelectric (TE) materials commercially available at room temperature are those based on bismuth telluride. However, their widespread application is limited due to their inferior thermoelectric and mechanical properties. In this study, a strategy of growing a rigid second phase of MoSe is employed, in situ within the matrix phase to achieve n-type bismuth telluride-based materials with exceptional mechanical and thermoelectric properties.

Self-Assembly of Ultrathin, Ultrastrong Layered Membranes by Protic Solvent Penetration.

Flexible membranes with ultrathin thickness and excellent mechanical properties have shown great potential for broad uses in solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), on-skin electronics, etc. However, an ultrathin membrane (<5 μm) is rarely reported in the above applications due to the inherent trade-off between thickness and antifailure ability. We discover a protic solvent penetration strategy to prepare ultrathin, ultrastrong layered films through a continuous interweaving of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with the assistance of simultaneous protonation and penetration of a protic solvent.

A Semisolvated Sole-Solvent Electrolyte for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) coupled with a high-voltage Ni-rich cathode are promising for meeting the increasing demand for high energy density. However, aggressive electrode chemistry imposes ultimate requirements on the electrolytes used. Among the various optimized electrolytes investigated, localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have excellent reversibility against a lithium metal anode.

A Polarized Gel Electrolyte for Wide-Temperature Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries.

The development of flexible zinc-air batteries (FZABs) has attracted broad attention in the field of wearable electronic devices. Gel electrolyte is one of the most important components in FZABs, which is urgent to be optimized to match with Zn anode and adapt to severe climates. In this work, a polarized gel electrolyte of polyacrylamide-sodium citric (PAM-SC) is designed for FZABs, in which the SC molecules contain large amount of polarized -COO functional groups.

A Permselective Coating Protects Lithium Anode toward a Practical Lithium-Sulfur Battery.

Lithium metal is a desirable anode for high-energy density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, its reliability is severely limited by dendrite growth and side reactions with polysulfides, which are yet challenging to solve simultaneously. Herein, we report a protective layer that works the same way as the ion-permselective cell membrane, yielding a corrosion-resistant and dendrite-free Li metal anode specially for Li-S batteries.

Stable Operation of Lithium Metal Batteries with Aggressive Cathode Chemistries at 4.9 V.

High-voltage lithium metal batteries (LMBs) pose severe challenges for the matching of electrolytes with aggressive electrodes, especially at low temperatures. Here, we report a rational modification of the Li solvation structure to extend the voltage and temperature operating ranges of conventional electrolytes. Ion-ion and ion-dipole interactions as well as the electrochemical window of solvents were tailored to improve oxidation stability and de-solvation kinetics of the electrolyte.

All Cubic-Phase δ-TAGS Thermoelectrics Over the Entire Mid-Temperature Range.

GeTe-based pseudo-binary (GeTe) (AgSbTe ) (TAGS-x) is recognized as a promising p-type mid-temperature thermoelectric material with outstanding thermoelectric performance; nevertheless, its intrinsic structural transition and metastable microstructure (due to Ag/Sb/Ge localization) restrict the long-time application of TAGS-x in practical thermoelectric devices. In this work, a series of non-stoichiometric (GeTe) (Ag Sb Te ) (x = 85∼50; δ = ≈0.20-0.

Bonding Performance of Ag-Cu Brazing Solders and Half-Heusler Alloys for High-Performance Thermoelectric Generators.

Due to the uncertainty of the brazing solder composition and its unknown effect on the long-term stability of the interface, the brazing interface connection process for half-Heusler (hH) thermoelectric (TE) devices is still partially concealed and incomplete. In this work, we selected different types of Ag-Cu-based brazing solders with different Ag and Cu contents to assemble hH TE devices, observed the microstructure of the interface contact, and analyzed its formation mechanism. It is found that when the Cu element in the brazing solder is high, it tends to form an intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the interface, which threatens the life of the device.

Microscopic properties and stabilization mechanism of a supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion with extremely high water content.

Hypothesis: Developing the supercritical carbon dioxide microemulsion with a broad water content (W) window can provide more possibility for designing highly efficient chemical processes, which is challenging due to the lack of comprehension about its formation mechanism. Molecular dynamics simulation method is expected to reveal the microscopic stabilization mechanism of high-W microemulsions.

Simulations: All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the ternary systems with varied W stabilized by 4FG(EO) surfactant were designed according to phase behavior experiments.

Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sorghum Stalk by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Ultrasonic Pretreatment.

Sorghum was pretreated by sole ultrasound or supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO), as well as the method combining both to intensify enzymatic hydrolysis. The effect of the time (1-5 h) and temperature (30-70 °C) on ultrasonic pretreatment was investigated, and the best condition was determined as 5 h and 50 °C with the EH sugar yield of 33.69%.

[Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with recurrent and metastatic esophageal carcinoma].

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influencing factors of prognosis for recurrent and metastatic esophageal carcinoma, and to provide reference for clinical treatment for these patients.

Methods: The clinicopathological and follow-up data of 247 patients with recurrent and metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical resection were retrospectively reviewed, combined with analysis of prognostic factors in these patients. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival, difference between groups was compared by Log rank test, and Cox model was used for multivariate analysis.