Transfer learning guided discovery of efficient perovskite oxide for alkaline water oxidation.

Perovskite oxides show promise for the oxygen evolution reaction. However, numerical chemical compositions remain unexplored due to inefficient trial-and-error methods for material discovery. Here, we develop a transfer learning paradigm incorporating a pre-trained model, ensemble learning, and active learning, enabling the prediction of undiscovered perovskite oxides with enhanced generalizability for this reaction.

Lipocalin-2-mediated astrocyte pyroptosis promotes neuroinflammatory injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background: Neuroinflammation is a vital pathophysiological process during ischemic stroke. Activated astrocytes play a major role in inflammation. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), secreted by activated astrocytes, promotes neuroinflammation.

Atomic cerium modulated palladium nanoclusters exsolved ferrite catalysts for lean methane conversion.

The active and stable palladium (Pd) based catalysts for CH conversion are of great environmental and industrial significance. Herein, we employed N as an optimal activation agent to develop a Pd nanocluster exsolved Ce-incorporated perovskite ferrite catalyst toward lean methane oxidation. Replacing the traditional initiator of H, the N was found as an effective driving force to selectively touch off the surface exsolution of Pd nanocluster from perovskite framework without deteriorating the overall material robustness.

Ex Situ Reconstruction-Shaped Ir/CoO/Perovskite Heterojunction for Boosted Water Oxidation Reaction.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the performance-limiting step in the process of water splitting. In situ electrochemical conditioning could induce surface reconstruction of various OER electrocatalysts, forming reactive sites dynamically but at the expense of fast cation leaching. Therefore, achieving simultaneous improvement in catalytic activity and stability remains a significant challenge.

Circulating lipocalin-2 as a novel biomarker for early neurological deterioration and unfavorable prognosis after acute ischemic stroke.

Introduction: Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that could mediate neuroinflammation after brain injury. We aimed to evaluate if LCN2 level was associated with early neurological deterioration (END) in acute ischemic stroke patients, thus hindering clinical recovery.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study of acute ischemic stroke patients between June 2021 and February 2022.

Impacts of stress hyperglycemia ratio on early neurological deterioration and functional outcome after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Hyperglycemia has been associated with unfavorable outcome of acute ischemic stroke, but this association has not been verified in patients with endovascular thrombectomy treatment. This study aimed to assess the impact of stress hyperglycemia ratio on early neurological deterioration and favorable outcome after thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: Stroke patients with endovascular thrombectomy in two comprehensive centers were enrolled.

Inverted U-shaped Relationship Between Mean Platelet Volume/Platelet Count Ratio and Post-thrombolytic Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Mild and Moderate Stroke.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between mean platelet volume (MPV)/platelet count (PC) ratio and post-thrombolytic early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with mild and moderate stroke.

Methods: Mild and moderate stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) at the Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of the University of South China between January 2016 and March 2022 were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. END was defined as an increase in the total National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of ≥4 points or an increase in the motor items of ≥1 point within 24 hours after IVT treatment.

A non-contrast computed tomography-based radiomics nomogram for the prediction of hematoma expansion in patients with deep ganglionic intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Hematoma expansion (HE) is a critical event following acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to construct a non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) model combining clinical characteristics, radiological signs, and radiomics features to predict HE in patients with spontaneous ICH and to develop a nomogram to assess the risk of early HE.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 388 patients with ICH who underwent initial NCCT within 6 h after onset and follow-up CT within 24 h after initial NCCT, between January 2015 and December 2021.

IL-17D-induced inhibition of DDX5 expression in keratinocytes amplifies IL-36R-mediated skin inflammation.

Aberrant RNA splicing in keratinocytes drives inflammatory skin disorders. In the present study, we found that the RNA helicase DDX5 was downregulated in keratinocytes from the inflammatory skin lesions in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and that mice with keratinocyte-specific deletion of Ddx5 (Ddx5) were more susceptible to cutaneous inflammation. Inhibition of DDX5 expression in keratinocytes was induced by the cytokine interleukin (IL)-17D through activation of the CD93-p38 MAPK-AKT-SMAD2/3 signaling pathway and led to pre-messenger RNA splicing events that favored the production of membrane-bound, intact IL-36 receptor (IL-36R) at the expense of soluble IL-36R (sIL-36R) and to the selective amplification of IL-36R-mediated inflammatory responses and cutaneous inflammation.

Extracellular vesicles carrying proinflammatory factors may spread atherosclerosis to remote locations.

Most cells involved in atherosclerosis release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can carry bioactive substances to downstream tissues via circulation. We hypothesized that EVs derived from atherosclerotic plaques could promote atherogenesis in remote locations, a mechanism that mimics the blood metastasis of cancer. Ldlr gene knockout (Ldlr KO) rats were fed on a high cholesterol diet and underwent partial carotid ligation to induce local atherosclerosis.

Keys Unlocking Redispersion of Reactive PdO Nanoclusters on Ce-Functionalized Perovskite Oxides for Methane Activation.

Nowadays, trace CH emitted from vehicle exhausts severely threaten the balance of the ecology system of our earth. Thereby, the development of active and stable catalysts capable of methane conversion under mild conditions is critical. Here, we present a convenient method to redisperse catalytically inert PdO nanoparticles (NPs) (>10 nm) into reactive PdO nanoclusters (∼2 nm) anchored on a Ce-doped LaFeO parent.

The Association between Migraine and Fetal-Type Posterior Cerebral Artery in Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if migraine is associated with fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in patients with ischemic stroke.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled from two hospitals. The history of migraine headache was evaluated during a face-to-face interview.

Malnutrition and Risk of Mortality in Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis.

Background And Purpose: Malnutrition is highly prevalent in ischemic stroke patients. We aimed to investigate whether malnutrition indexes may be useful in predicting mortality at 90 days in ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy at three comprehensive stroke centers.

Identification of Symptomatic Carotid Artery Plaque: A Three-Item Scale Combined Angiography With Optical Coherence Tomography.

Symptomatic carotid disease conveys a high risk of recurrent stroke. Plaque morphology and specific plaque characteristics are associated with the risk of stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the detailed plaque features by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and develop a simple scale combining clinical indicators, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and OCT imaging markers to identify symptomatic carotid plaque.

Unusual Role of Point Defects in Perovskite Nickelate Electrocatalysts.

Low-cost transition-metal oxide is regarded as a promising electrocatalyst family for an oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The classic design principle for an oxide electrocatalyst believes that point defect engineering, such as oxygen vacancies (V) or heteroatom doping, offers the opportunities to manipulate the electronic structure of material toward optimal OER activity. Oppositely, in this work, we discover a counterintuitive phenomenon that both V and an aliovalent dopant (i.

Blood pressure variability and outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy based on the recanalization and collateral status.

Background: Blood pressure (BP), recanalization status, and collateral circulation are important factors for cerebral autoregulation after stroke. We aimed to investigate the association of various BP variability (BPV) parameters with clinical outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) according to recanalization and collateral status.

Methods: We included 502 consecutive patients who underwent MT due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion stroke at three comprehensive stroke centers.

Serum Albumin Levels and Clinical Outcomes Among Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Background And Aims: Albumin levels have been reported to be associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum albumin and prognosis of ischemic stroke patients after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) treatment.

Methods: Patients with EVT due to large artery occlusion in anterior circulation were selected from ACTUAL (endovascular treatment for acute anterior circulation) ischemic stroke multicenter registry in China.

Intravenous Thrombolysis before Thrombectomy may Increase the Incidence of Intracranial Hemorrhage inTreating Carotid T Occlusion.

Background And Purpose: Current evidence does not agree on the merits of direct and bridging thrombectomy. This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of direct thrombectomy (DT) and bridging thrombectomy (BT) in treating patients with acute ischaemic stroke due to carotid T occlusion.

Methods: Patients with stroke due to carotid T occlusion who were treated with DT or BT were retrospectively collected from four advanced stroke centres.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) regulates NLRP3-mediated neuronal pyroptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Background: Inflammatory response has been recognized as a pivotal pathophysiological process during cerebral ischemic stroke. NLRP3 inflammasome, involved in the regulation of inflammatory cascade, can simultaneously lead to GSDMD-executed pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), responsible for cholesterol uptake, was noted to exert potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities.

Aberrant oligodendroglial LDL receptor orchestrates demyelination in chronic cerebral ischemia.

Oligodendrocytes express low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) to endocytose cholesterol for the maintenance of adulthood myelination. However, the potential role of LDLR in chronic cerebral ischemia-related demyelination remains unclear. We used bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to induce sustained cerebral ischemia in mice.

High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves functional recovery by inhibiting neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes in ischemic rats.

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive treatment for ischemic stroke. Astrocytes regulation has been suggested as one mechanism for rTMS effectiveness. But how rTMS regulates astrocytes remains largely undetermined.

Microglial TREM-1 receptor mediates neuroinflammatory injury via interaction with SYK in experimental ischemic stroke.

Neuroinflammation is initiated in response to ischemic stroke, generally with the hallmarks of microglial activation and collateral brain injury contributed by robust inflammatory effects. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, an amplifier of the innate immune response, is a critical regulator of inflammation. This study identified that microglial TREM-1 expression was upregulated following cerebral ischemic injury.

Wallerian degeneration in experimental focal cortical ischemia.

Wallerian degeneration (WaD), commonly secondary to cerebral infarction, is the descending damage of fiber tracts with their accompanying myelin sheaths. However, whether this sequential injury can occur in non-ischemic corpus callosum (CC) and striatum in focal cortical ischemic model has not been fully demonstrated. The present study aimed to elucidate detailed histopathologic changes in CC and striatum after acute focal cortical infarction induced by permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCAO) in Sprague-Dawley rat.

Hydration and strength development in blended cement with ultrafine granulated copper slag.

This study aims at evaluating the effect of ultrafine granulated copper slag (UGCS) on hydration development of blended cement and mechanical properties of mortars. The UGCS with the median particle size of 4.78 μm and BET surface area of 1.