Changes in the Volatile Flavor Substances, the Non-Volatile Components, and the Antioxidant Activity of during Different Drying Processes.

(Schw.) wolf () is an important medicinal material with both therapeutic and edible properties. This study investigated volatile constituents, amino acids, proteins, polysaccharides, triterpenoid ingredients, and alcohol-soluble extracts on during eight drying processes.

Visible-Light-Promoted α-Benzylation of N-Phenyl α-Amino Acids to α-Amino Phenylpropanoids.

A new method for the synthesis of α-amino phenylpropanoids under blue light-emitting diode irradiation has been developed through α-C-H benzylation of readily available -phenyl glycine ester with benzyl oxalates as a coupling partner under mild conditions. A range of -phenyl glycine esters were successfully converted to α-amino phenylpropanoid products in moderate to good yields. The utility of this methodology is underlined by its application to the late-state modification of natural products.

Photoredox catalysed reductive aminomethylation of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids.

Reduction of C = N double bond is the most important phase I metabolism process of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids (QBAs). Inspired by the NADPH mediated reduction in QBAs, a visible-light promoted reductive aminomethylation of QBAs for synthesis of 6-substituted benzophenanthridines was reported using QBAs and N,N-dimethylaniline as coupling partners in this study. An α-amino radical that derived from QBAs was supposed to be the key intermediate in this visible-light promoted reductive aminomethylation reaction.

Visible-light-promoted and chlorophyll-catalyzed aerobic desulfurization of thioamides to amides.

A novel method for the metal-free synthesis of amides from thioamides based on visible-light photoredox catalysis and in an air atmosphere is reported. Natural pigment chlorophyll is used as a photosensitizer to generate singlet molecular oxygen O, which is involved in the aerobic desulfurization of thioamides. The protocol provides amides in good yields at room temperature under mild conditions.

Visible-Light-Promoted Biomimetic Reductive Functionalization of Quaternary Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids.

Reduction of an iminium C═N double bond is the most important phase I metabolism process associated with the cytotoxic property of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids (QBAs). Inspired by the light-mediated reduction of QBAs with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a visible-light-promoted reductive functionalization reaction of QBAs is reported in this study. C4-Alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) enable the direct reductive alkylation of QBA independently, serving as both single-electron-transfer reductant reagents under irradiation with 455 nm blue light in the absence of photocatalysts and additional additives.

The levels of bioactive ingredients in Citrus aurantium L. at different harvest periods and antioxidant effects on H O -induced RIN-m5F cells.

Background: Citrus aurantium L. (Aurantii fructus) is a multi-purpose citrus fruit with high medicinal and nutritional value, but currently there are no data that can be used to investigate the appropriate harvest time to obtain high-quality citrus bioactive ingredients from it.

Results: Phytochemicals and the levels of the main bioactive ingredients were investigated by ultra high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS).

Chemical Profiles and Simultaneous Quantification of by Use of HPLC-Q-TOF-MS Combined with GC-MS and HPLC Methods.

(AF) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to improve gastrointestinal motility disorders for over a thousand years, but there is no exhaustive identification of the basic chemical components and comprehensive quality control of this herb. In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to identify the basic chemical compounds, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to determine the major biochemical markers from AF extract. There were 104 compounds belonging to eight structure types, including 13 amino acids or peptides, seven alkaloids, 18 flavanones, 14 flavones, 15 polymethoxyflavonoids, six triterpenoids, nine coumarins, and 18 volatile oils, as well as four other compounds that were systematically identified as the basic components from AF, and among them, 41 compounds were reported for the first time.

Rapid Investigation and Screening of Bioactive Components in Simo Decoction via LC-Q-TOF-MS and UF-HPLC-MD Methods.

Simo decoction (SMD), as a traditional medicine, is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysmotility in China. In this study, a combined method of liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) and ultrafiltration high-performance liquid chromatography molecular docking (UF-HPLC-MD) was efficiently employed to identify and screen bioactive ingredients in SMD. Ninety-four major constituents were identified or tentatively characterized by comparing their retention times and mass spectra with standards or literature data by using LC-Q-TOF-MS, and the ascription of those compounds were classified for the first time.

Metal-Free Photoredox Catalyzed Cyclization of O-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)oximes to Phenanthridines.

A metal-free visible-light photoredox-catalyzed intermolecular cyclization reaction of -2,4-dinitrophenyl oximes to phenanthridines was developed. In this study, the organic dye eosin Y and -Pr₂NEt were used as photocatalyst and terminal reductant, respectively. The oxime substrates were transformed into iminyl radical intermediates by single-electron reduction, which then underwent intermolecular homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS) reactions to give phenanthridine derivatives.

Simultaneous quantitative determination of sanguinarine, chelerythrine, dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine in chicken by HPLC-MS/MS method and its applications to drug residue and pharmacokinetic study.

A specific and reliable HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneously determination of sanguinarine, chelerythrine and their metabolites (dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine) in chicken tissue for the first time. This is important because these compounds are related to the use of a naturally occurring and novel feed additive with many benefits, but the levels of these compounds must be strictly controlled. The compounds were extracted by acetonitrile and 1% HCl-methanol solution successively and then separated on a C18 column.

Synthesis of 5-methyl phenanthridium derivatives: a new class of human DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors.

DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) is responsible for the decarboxylation of l-DOPA and related aromatic amino acids and correlates closely with a number of clinical disorders. Sanguinarine, a natural quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid (QBA), was reported to be inhibitor of rat DDC and possessed a different inhibitory mechanism. In this study, several natural QBAs were assayed as human DDC inhibitors for the first time.

Alizarin violet modified carbon paste electrode for the determination of trace silver(I) by adsorptive voltammetry.

A sensitive and selective procedure for the determination of trace silver(I) at alizarin violet modified carbon paste electrode has been developed. Silver(I) was accumulated on the electrode surface via complex formation with modifier in 0.1mol/L acetate buffer (pH 5.