Anthracycline chemicals with anthracyclinone structure exert antitumor effects by inhibiting angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in a xenografted gastric tumor model.

Background: It is vital to screen or develop alternative therapeutic drugs with higher curative characteristics and fewer side effects for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer.

Methods: Gastric cancer cells were exposed to different auramycin G doses while determining the impact on cell viability, migration, and invasion. Then the antitumor effects of auramycin G, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and their combination were evaluated.

Pathologic complete response to chemoimmunotherapy of an advanced gastric cancer patient with high PD-L1 expression, dMMR, and unique gut microbiota composition: A case report.

Background: Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is a malignant disease with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), represented by inhibitors of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have emerged as a potential gastric cancer (GC) therapy.

Case Presentation: This case study aimed to reveal the tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with camrelizumab in a patient with AGC based on the characteristics of the clinical pathology, genomics variation, and gut microbiome.

Lactoferrin suppresses the progression of colon cancer under hyperglycemia by targeting WTAP/mA/NT5DC3/HKDC1 axis.

Background: Although the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the increased risk of colorectal carcinogenesis is widely defined in clinical studies, the therapeutic methods and molecular mechanism of T2D-induced colon cancer and how does hyperglycemia affect the progression is still unknown. Here, we studied the function of lactoferrin (LF) in suppressing the progression of colon cancer in T2D mice, and uncovered the related molecular mechanisms in DNA 5mC and RNA m6A levels.

Methods: We examined the effects of LF (50% iron saturation) on the migration and invasion of colon tumor cells under high concentration of glucose.

Parallel single-cell and bulk transcriptome analyses reveal key features of the gastric tumor microenvironment.

Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been shown to strongly influence treatment outcome for cancer patients in various indications and to influence the overall survival. However, the cells forming the TME in gastric cancer have not been extensively characterized.

Results: We combine bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing from tumors and matched normal tissue of 24 treatment-naïve GC patients to better understand which cell types and transcriptional programs are associated with malignant transformation of the stomach.

Dynamic regulation of eEF1A1 acetylation affects colorectal carcinogenesis.

The dysregulation of the translation elongation factor families which are responsible for reprogramming of mRNA translation has been shown to contribute to tumor progression. Here, we report that the acetylation of eukaryotic Elongation Factor 1 Alpha 1 (eEF1A1/EF1A1) is required for genotoxic stress response and maintaining the malignancy of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The evolutionarily conserved site K439 is identified as the key acetylation site.

Apatinib plus S-1 for previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study.

Background: The current management of advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma remains unsatisfactory. We investigated the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of apatinib and S-1, considering the potential advantage of home-based treatment without hospital admission, in patients with platinum-refractory gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Methods: In this open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial, in each 21-day cycle, eligible patients received apatinib at an initial dose of 500 mg once daily continuously and S-1 at a dose of 40-60 mg twice daily on days 1-14 until the trail was discontinued disease progression, development of intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.

Baicalin suppresses the progression of Type 2 diabetes-induced liver tumor through regulating METTL3/mA/HKDC1 axis and downstream p-JAK2/STAT1/clevaged Capase3 pathway.

Background: Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests that diabetes increases the risk of liver cancer. Although the co-occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and liver cancer is becoming more frequent, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Even though baicalin, extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), can control T2D and inhibit liver cancer separately, minimal research is available regarding its possible effect on T2D-induced liver cancer.

Deformation Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of T-Shape Upsetting Test in Ultrafine-Grained Pure Copper.

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials can effectively solve the problem of size effects and improve the mechanical properties due to its ultra-high strength. This paper is dedicated to analyzing the deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of UFG pure copper based on T-shape upsetting test. Experimental results demonstrate that: the edge radius and V-groove angle have significant effects on the rib height and aspect ratio λ during T-shape upsetting; while the surface roughness has little effect on the forming load in the first stage, but in the second stage the influence becomes significant.

SIRT2-dependent IDH1 deacetylation inhibits colorectal cancer and liver metastases.

Protein lysine acetylation affects colorectal cancer (CRC) distant metastasis through multiple pathways. In a previous proteomics screen, we found that isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) is hyperacetylated in CRC primary tumors and liver metastases. Here, we further investigate the function of IDH1 hyperacetylation at lysine 224 in CRC progression.

Cancer IgG, a potential prognostic marker, promotes colorectal cancer progression.

Objective: Currently, no satisfactory targets for colorectal cancer or markers for immunotherapy and diagnosis and prognosis are available. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is widely expressed in many cancers, and it promotes cancer progression. This study explored the role of cancer-derived IgG (CIgG) in colorectal cancer.

Acetylation of PHF5A Modulates Stress Responses and Colorectal Carcinogenesis through Alternative Splicing-Mediated Upregulation of KDM3A.

Alternative pre-mRNA-splicing-induced post-transcriptional gene expression regulation is one of the pathways for tumors maintaining proliferation rates accompanying the malignant phenotype under stress. Here, we uncover a list of hyperacetylated proteins in the context of acutely reduced Acetyl-CoA levels under nutrient starvation. PHF5A, a component of U2 snRNPs, can be acetylated at lysine 29 in response to multiple cellular stresses, which is dependent on p300.

Human colorectal cancer cells frequently express IgG and display unique Ig repertoire.

Background: There is growing evidence proving that many human carcinomas, including colon cancer, can overexpress immunoglobulin (Ig); the non B cancer cell-derived Ig usually displayed unique V(D)J rearrangement pattern that are distinct from B cell-derived Ig. Especially, the cancer-derived Ig plays important roles in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, it still remains unclear if the colon cancer-derived Ig can display unique V(D)J pattern and sequencing, which can be used as novel target for colon cancer therapy.

Decreased expression of miR‑490‑3p in colorectal cancer predicts poor prognosis and promotes cell proliferation and invasion by targeting RAB14.

Growing evidence indicates a potential role for miR‑490‑3p in tumorigenesis. However, its function in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains undefined. In this study, miR‑490‑3p was markedly downregulated in fifty colorectal cancer tissue samples compared with the corresponding adjacent non‑cancerous specimens, by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

[Meta-analysis for high-risk factor of anastomotic leakage after anal-preserving surgery for rectal cancer].

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of defunctioning stoma, preoperative radiotherapy, and level of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation on the postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer by meta-analysis.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published before December 2017 regarding the effects of defunctioning stoma, preoperative radiotherapy, and level of inferior mesenteric artery ligation on the postoperative anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer were searched from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang database, meanwhile open data in unpublished trials from clinicaltrials.gov were retrieved.

MicroRNA‑4284 promotes gastric cancer tumorigenicity by targeting ten-eleven translocation 1.

Increasing evidence has shown that abnormal expression of miR-4284 participates in the progression of several types of cancer. However, the expression and the role of miR‑4284 in gastric cancer remain largely unknown. Therefore, in the present study the miR‑4284 expression levels in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, was examined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and found that miR‑4284 was significantly upregulated in 40 pairs of gastric cancer tissues and five gastric cancer cell lines compared to the corresponding normal tissues and GES‑1 cell line.

Pathological outcomes of transanal versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Since 2010, comparative studies on transanal and laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) have been published and it remains unclear about the oncological benefit from transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME).

Methods: We have searched English databases to identify all taTME studies published between January 2010 and August 2017. Pathological outcomes included circumferential resection margin (CRM), positive CRM (< 1 M), length of distal resection margin (DRM), positive DRM, quality of mesorectum (complete mesorectum), harvested lymph node, and length of the specimen.

Long non-coding RNA GPR65-1 is up-regulated in gastric cancer and promotes tumor growth through the PTEN-AKT-slug signaling pathway.

Increasing evidence has shown that abnormal expression of lncRNAs is involved in various biological behaviors and major cellular pathways of human cancers. However, the role of lncRNAs in the progression of gastric cancer has not been adequately investigated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression levels of linc-GPR65-1 using Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and found that linc-GPR65-1 was significantly up-regulated in 50 gastric cancer tissues compared to the corresponding normal tissues.

Ultrasonic versus electrosurgical device for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Ultrasonic and electrosurgical energy dissectors are main dissecting devices widely used for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Trial sequential analyses can establish whether firm evidence favoring a specific device has been reached from accumulated literature. To explore this, we performed a meta-analysis and trial sequential analyses.

Marginal vitamin A deficiency facilitates Alzheimer's pathogenesis.

Deposition of amyloid β protein (Aβ) to form neuritic plaques in the brain is the unique pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is derived from amyloid β precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretase cleavages and turned over by glia in the central nervous system (CNS). Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) has been shown to affect cognitive functions.

Meta-analysis of hand-sewn versus mechanical gastrojejunal anastomosis during laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity.

Background: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is one of the most performed bariatric procedures in treating morbid obesity. There is no consensus on which technique used for gastrojejunal anastomosis is optimal. The meta-analysis aimed to solve the issue by comparing hand-sewn with mechanical gastrojejunostomy during LRYGB for morbid obesity.

The long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript-1/miR-490 axis regulates gastric cancer cell migration by targeting hnRNPA1.

Colon cancer-associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) is a highly conserved long noncoding RNA that is deregulated in several cancers. However, its role in gastric carcinoma and its post-transcriptional regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide the first evidence that CCAT1 regulates miR-490 in gastric cancer (GC) cells.

MiR-382 inhibits cell growth and invasion by targeting NR2F2 in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. MiR-382 has been found to have a decreased expression and the ability to suppress tumorigenesis in certain cancers. However, the role of miR-382 in CRC has not been sufficiently investigated.

Depletion of histone deacetylase 1 inhibits metastatic abilities of gastric cancer cells by regulating the miR-34a/CD44 pathway.

Overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is associated with higher metastatic rates and a poor prognosis in gastric cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms involved remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular pathways that are involved in HDAC1-mediated metastatic activities in gastric cancer cells.

Effects of egg and vitamin A supplementation on hemoglobin, retinol status and physical growth levels of primary and middle school students in Chongqing, China.

Lack of protein and vitamin A influences the growth of student in impoverished mountain areas. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of egg and vitamin A supplementation on hemoglobin, serum retinol and anthropometric indices of 10-18 years old students of a low socioeconomic status. A total number of 288 students from four boarding schools were randomly selected by using cluster sampling method in Chongqing, and they were assigned into supplement group and control group non-randomly.