Complex management of GS (Good's syndrome) with persistent COVID-19 infection and polymicrobial infections: A case report.

This case report highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities faced by a 56-year-old female with Good's syndrome (GS), who presented with persistent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection alongside spp, , and co-infection, which collectively contributed to severe pulmonary involvement. The report further emphasizes a multifaceted treatment approach, incorporating antivirals, antifungals, antimicrobials, immunoglobulins, and antifibrotic therapy, which ultimately led to an improvement in the patient's condition. It underscored the intricate challenges of managing immunocompromised patients with multiple concurrent infections.

Correction: Involvement of TRPC Channels in Lung Cancer Cell Differentiation and the Correlation Analysis in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Analysis of the association between immune-related adverse events and the effectiveness in patients with advanced non-small-cell-lung cancer.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved lung cancer treatment but are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study analyzes the relationship between irAEs and treatment effectiveness in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of NSCLC patients treated with ICIs from March 2019 to October 2022 at Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen).

The Impact of Different Smoking Behavior on Pulmonary Function and Pulmonary Hypertension Among Chinese Male Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: Cigarette smoking is the most recognized risk factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in China. However, there are no studies analyzing the impact of different smoking behaviors on pulmonary function and pulmonary hypertension (PH) among Chinese male patients with COPD.

Patients And Methods: Chinese male smokers with COPD performed pulmonary function tests.

Accuracy of machine learning in preoperative identification of genetic mutation status in lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the performance of ML in detecting genetic mutation status in NSCLC patients.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science up until July 2023. We discussed the genetic mutation status of EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and BRAF, as well as the mutation status at different sites of EGFR.

Impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy on interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and diagnostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), a highly contagious respiratory disease, presents a significant global health threat, with a notable increase in incidence reported by the WHO in 2022. Particularly, the interplay between TB and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) gains attention, especially considering the rising use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment. This interplay may influence TB diagnostics and reactivation, warranting a closer examination.

A case of primary pulmonary angiosarcoma arising from tuberculous scar with fatal capillary bleeding.

The etiology of primary pulmonary angiosarcoma is still unknown. Here we report a case of primary pulmonary angiosarcoma originated from a tuberculous scar and presented as aggressive deterioration with uncontrolled bleeding from capillaries with angiodysplasia.

Nomogram for predicting bleeding events in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients receiving rivaroxaban: A retrospective study.

Background And Aims: To construct a bleeding events prediction model of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients receiving rivaroxaban.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in patients with NVAF who received rivaroxaban from June 2017 to March 2019. Demographic information and clinical characteristics were obtained from the electronic medical system.

Ca Influx through TRPC Channels Is Regulated by Homocysteine-Copper Complexes.

An elevated level of circulating homocysteine (Hcy) has been regarded as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, the clinical benefit of Hcy lowering-therapy is not satisfying. To explore potential unrevealed mechanisms, we investigated the roles of Ca influx through TRPC channels and regulation by Hcy-copper complexes. Using primary cultured human aortic endothelial cells and HEK-293 T-REx cells with inducible TRPC gene expression, we found that Hcy increased the Ca influx in vascular endothelial cells through the activation of TRPC4 and TRPC5.

Lesion size as a prognostic factor in the antifungal treatment of pulmonary cryptococcosis: a retrospective study with chest CT pictorial review of 2-year follow up.

Background: Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a fungal infection that can have a variable prognosis depending on several factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of pulmonary lesions and identify prognostic factors in patients with PC who were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -negative and underwent antifungal treatment.

Methods: The study enrolled patients diagnosed with PC who were negative for HIV.

Iron metabolism regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Iron overload has been found in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and is thought to be involved in disease progression; however, the underlying mechanism is complex and not yet fully understood. We sought to assess the role of iron in the progression of fibrosis in lung epithelial cells, and examine the possible regulation of iron and IPF.

Methods: Erastin was used to establish a cell model of iron accumulation in mouse lung epithelial cell line 12 (MLE-12).

ORAI channels are critical for receptor-mediated endocytosis of albumin.

Impaired albumin reabsorption by proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) has been highlighted in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here we find that ORAI1-3, are preferentially expressed in PTECs and downregulated in patients with DN. Hyperglycemia or blockade of insulin signaling reduces the expression of ORAI1-3.

Upregulation of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels Contributes to Endotoxin-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Stenosis.

BACKGROUND Septic shock is a pathologic condition caused by endotoxin-producing bacteria, and often associated with severe pulmonary hypertension. Inflammation is a major systemic response to endotoxin; however, it is unknown whether endotoxin has a direct impact on pulmonary arteries that contributes to pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rat pulmonary arteries and primary pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were cultured in vitro and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and blockers of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels.

Lipopolysaccharide potentiates endothelin-1-induced proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells by upregulating TRPC channels.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) are critical pathogenic factors in sepsis-induced pulmonary hypertension; however it is unknown whether they have a coordinated action in the pathogenesis of this disease. Here we found that although LPS did not change the contractility of rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in response to ET-1, it significantly promoted ET-1-induced PASMC proliferation. Measurement of ET-1-evoked Ca(2+) transients in PASMCs showed that LPS dramatically enhanced Ca(2+) influx mediated by transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels.

The Expression of miR-375 Is Associated with Carcinogenesis in Three Subtypes of Lung Cancer.

Many studies demonstrated unique microRNA profiles in lung cancer. Nonetheless, the role and related signal pathways of miR-375 in lung cancer are largely unknown. Our study investigated relationships between carcinogenesis and miR-375 in adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung carcinoma to identify new molecular targets for treatment.

High glucose enhances store-operated calcium entry by upregulating ORAI/STIM via calcineurin-NFAT signalling.

Unlabelled: ORAI and stromal interaction molecule (STIM) are store-operated channel molecules that play essential roles in human physiology through a coupling mechanism of internal Ca(2+) store to Ca(2+) influx. However, the roles of ORAI and STIM in vascular endothelial cells under diabetic conditions remain unknown. Here, we investigated expression and signalling pathways of ORAI and STIM regulated by high glucose or hyperglycaemia using in vitro cell models, in vivo diabetic mice and tissues from patients.

Involvement of TRPC channels in lung cancer cell differentiation and the correlation analysis in human non-small cell lung cancer.

The canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels are Ca(2+)-permeable cationic channels controlling the Ca(2+) influx evoked by G protein-coupled receptor activation and/or by Ca(2+) store depletion. Here we investigate the involvement of TRPCs in the cell differentiation of lung cancer. The expression of TRPCs and the correlation to cancer differentiation grade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunostaining using tissue microarrays from 28 patient lung cancer samples.

Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and new fenamate analogues on TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents, among which the fenamate analogues play important roles in regulating intracellular Ca²⁺ transient and ion channels. However, the effect of NSAIDs on TRPC4 and TRPC5 is still unknown. To understand the structure-activity of fenamate analogues on TRPC channels, we have synthesized a series of fenamate analogues and investigated their effects on TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels.

Pleural fluid soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 as a marker of bacterial infection: a meta-analysis.

Background: Pleural infection is a common clinical problem. Its successful treatment depends on rapid diagnosis and early initiation of antibiotics. The measurement of soluble triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) level in pleural effusions has proven to be a valuable diagnostic tool for differentiating bacterial effusions from effusions of other etiologies.

Novel interventional approaches for ALI/ARDS: cell-based gene therapy.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The present therapeutic strategies for ALI/ARDS including supportive care, pharmacological treatments, and ventilator support are still controversial. More scientists are focusing on therapies involving stem cells, which have self-renewing capabilities and differentiate into multiple cell lineages, and, genomics therapy which has the potential to upregulate expression of anti-inflammatory mediators.

Plasma orexin-a levels in COPD patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure.

Orexins have previously been shown to promote wakefulness, regulate lipid metabolism and participate in energy homeostasis. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between plasma orexin-A and body composition in COPD in-patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure. 40 patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure and 22 healthy individuals were enrolled prospectively in this study.

LPS pretreatment ameliorates multiple organ injuries and improves survival in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis.

Objective: The endotoxin tolerance phenotype is characterized with decreased inflammation and increased phagocytosis. We hypothesized that endotoxin tolerance would provide protective effects on experimental sepsis with multiple organ injuries induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).

Methods: Endotoxin tolerance was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats with daily intraperitoneal injection of either 0.

Protective effects of imipramine in murine endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.

The tricyclic antidepressant imipramine has recently emerged as a cytoprotective agent, exerting beneficial effects in inflammatory tissue injury. The present study aimed to investigate therapeutic effects of imipramine in murine model of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Mice were administrated intraperitoneally with LPS (lipopolysaccharide) from Escherichia coli or vehicle.

Up-regulation of growth factor independence 1 in endotoxin tolerant macrophages with low secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-6.

Objective: Endotoxin tolerance refers to a low response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We hypothesized that growth factor independence 1 (Gfi1) involves in the endotoxin tolerance in macrophages.

Methods: Endotoxin tolerance was induced in the RAW264.

[The characteristics of CT imaging and diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis in 42 cases with non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome].

Objective: To further elucidate the CT characteristics and diagnostic approaches to non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Methods: The histories of forty-two pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) patients diagnosed in Zhongshan Hospital from 2003-2008 were collected and analyzed for demography data, underlying conditions, clinical symptoms, chest CT and diagnostic studies.

Results: None of the 42 PC patients had avian or its feces contacting history, and 71.