Global burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage among adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years: A trend analysis study from 1990 to 2021.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the global burden of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, highlighting spatial and temporal trends and providing insights for future public health strategies.

Methods: Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021), which includes comprehensive evaluations of health conditions and associated risk factors across 204 countries and territories. The focus was on SAH incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) among AYAs.

Investigating the potential mechanism of Pioglitazone in Sepsis-Related brain injury through transcriptomics.

Sepsis-related brain injury (SRBI) refers to brain dysfunction and structural damage caused by sepsis, which is characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and destruction of the blood-brain barrier. Pioglitazone is a PPAR-γ agonist in which PPAR-γ acts as an inflammatory modulator, determining the relationship between PPAR-γ and SRBI and inflammatory state is critical for the disease. This study aimed to construct a drug-target-disease network for SRBI and Pioglitazone based on network pharmacology, and to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanism of Pioglitazone in SRBI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats through transcriptomics.

Differentiation of glioma and solitary brain metastasis: a multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging study using histogram analysis.

Background: Differentiation of glioma and solitary brain metastasis (SBM), which requires biopsy or multi-disciplinary diagnosis, remains sophisticated clinically. Histogram analysis of MR diffusion or molecular imaging hasn't been fully investigated for the differentiation and may have the potential to improve it.

Methods: A total of 65 patients with newly diagnosed glioma or metastases were enrolled.

Occurrence and ecological risk of PAHs in urban road runoff in Beijing.

The occurrence and ecological risks of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different types of urban road runoff in Beijing during two typical rainfall events were studied. The average concentration of PAHs in road runoff particulate was in the order of Guanyuanqiao Road (ring road, 15,175 ng/L) > Huayuanqiao Road (primary road, 4,792 ng/L) > Dongcheng Alley (alley, 4,774 ng/L) > Nansihuan Viaduct (viaduct, 770 ng/L), much higher than dissolved PAHs. The total concentration of ∑16PAHs decreased with runoff scouring.

Correlation between Anxiety, Depression, and Intestinal Flora in Breast Cancer Patients: Based on 16S rRNA Sequence Analysis.

Objective: To explore intestinal flora differences in species diversity, community structure, and abundance of breast cancer and non-breast cancer populations with anxiety and depression and the corresponding group without anxiety and depression by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.

Method: Breast cancer and non-breast cancer participants were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria as the research subjects. The study employed the anxiety self-assessment scale and the depression self-rating scale in the questionnaire survey to collect data.

Construction and validation of a predictive model of pneumonia for ICU patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

The incidence of pneumonia in ICU patients with TBI is very high, seriously affecting the prognosis. This study aims to construct a predictive model for pneumonia in ICU patients with TBI and provide help for the prevention of TBI-related pneumonia.Clinical data of ICU patients with TBI were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database and hospital data.

Glioma Single-Cell Biomechanical Analysis by Cyclic Conical Constricted Microfluidics.

Determining the grade of glioma is a critical step in choosing patients' treatment plans in clinical practices. The pathological diagnosis of patient's glioma samples requires extensive staining and imaging procedures, which are expensive and time-consuming. Current advanced uniform-width-constriction-channel-based microfluidics have proven to be effective in distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissues, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, etc.

National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC) statistical report of primary brain tumours diagnosed in China in years 2019-2020.

Background: The lack of a well-designed brain tumour registry with standardized pathological diagnoses in underdeveloped countries hinders the ability to compare epidemiologic data across the globe. The National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC), created in January 2018, is the first multi-hospital-based brain tumour registry in China. Patient data reported to the NBTRC in years 2019-2020 were assessed.

Effect of Folic Acid Treatment for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)-Related Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP): A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) is one of the most common complications and late causes of death in TBI patients. Targeted prevention and treatment of HAP are of great significance for improving the prognosis of TBI patients. In the previous clinical observation, we found that folic acid treatment for TBI patients has a good effect on preventing and treating HAP.

Effect of ANKK1 Polymorphisms on Serum Valproic Acid Concentration in Chinese Han Adult Patients in the Early Postoperative Period.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gene polymorphisms and clinical factors with the concentrations of valproic acid (VPA) in adult patients who underwent neurosurgery in China.

Methods: A total of 531 serum concentration samples at steady state were collected from 313 patients to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model. Data analysis was performed using nonlinear mixed effects modeling.

Endoscopy-assisted high anterior cervical approach in craniovertebral junction (CVJ).

Background: Surgical procedures in the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) suffer from specific challenges due to the proximity between the cranium and spine containing the critical neurovascular structures and the brainstem, respectively. Owing to the complex transitional zone, it is highly challenging for classic surgical approaches to practically acquire the additional exposure to neurovascular structures of the CVJ. Inspired by these facts, we explore the feasibility of an endoscopy-assisted high anterior cervical approach in the CVJ.

Integrated analysis of competitive endogenous ribose nucleic acids (ceRNAs)-related regulatory networks in invasive and non-invasive non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs).

Background: This study aims to identify the differentially expressed (DE) non-coding ribose nucleic acids (ncRNAs), messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA)-related regulatory networks in invasive and non-invasive nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs).

Methods: A full-transcriptome sequencing of invasive and non-invasive NFPAs is carried out to evaluate the expression profiles of circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNA expression profiles.

Results: The screening criteria resulted in 118 DEcircRNAs (88 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated), 105 DElncRNAs (68 up-regulated and 37 down-regulated), 43 DEmiRNAs (22 up-regulated and 21 down-regulated), and 268 DEmRNAs (194 up-regulated and 74 down-regulated).

Molecular diagnosis and treatment of meningiomas: an expert consensus (2022).

Abstract: Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial neoplasm with diverse pathological types and complicated clinical manifestations. The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5), published in 2021, introduces major changes that advance the role of molecular diagnostics in meningiomas. To follow the revision of WHO CNS5, this expert consensus statement was formed jointly by the Group of Neuro-Oncology, Society of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medical Association together with neuropathologists and evidence-based experts.

Chinese guideline on the application of anti-seizure medications in the perioperative period of supratentorial craniocerebral surgery.

Seizures are a common symptom of craniocerebral diseases, and epilepsy is one of the comorbidities of craniocerebral diseases. However, how to rationally use anti-seizure medications (ASMs) in the perioperative period of craniocerebral surgery to control or avoid seizures and reduce their associated harm is a problem. The China Association Against Epilepsy (CAAE) united with the Trauma Group of the Chinese Neurosurgery Society, Glioma Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, Neuro-Oncology Branch of the Chinese Neuroscience Society, and Neurotraumatic Group of Chinese Trauma Society, and selected experts for consultancy regarding outcomes from evidence-based medicine in domestic and foreign literature.

Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA HLA Complex P5 () Suppresses Glioma Progression through the -miR-205-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Feedback Loop.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HLA complex P5 () is correlated with multiple diseases, especially cancers. However, it remains to be further studied whether is involved in the malignant behaviors of gliomas. This study is aimed at investigating the role and regulation mechanisms of in gliomas.

KLF11 promotes the progression of glioma via regulating Holliday junction recognition protein.

Understanding the molecular mechanism of glioma is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. Recently, a new study illustrated that KLF11 could be a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in glioma, but the critical role is not illustrated. In this study, we found that KLF11 was highly expressed in glioma cancer tissues and cells, and KLF11 high expression of glioblastoma (GBM) and lower-grade glioma (LGG) were correlated with poorer overall survival and disease-free survival percentages.

Avenir® vs. Axium Coils for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial With Short-Term Follow-Up.

Purpose: Endovascular coil occlusion is a successful and rapidly evolving strategy used to treat patients who present with intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of the Avenir® and Axium passive mechanically detachable coil systems.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study was carried out at ten medical centers from March 2018 to December 2019.

Development of a Prognostic Model of Glioma Based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes.

Background: Glioma is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system, with a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is known to regulate the malignant phenotype of tumor cells, thus affecting the prognosis of patients. However, the role of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in glioma remains unclear.

SPAG5 Is Involved in Human Gliomagenesis Through the Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis.

Background: Glioma is the most frequent malignant primary brain tumor in adults.

Objective: To explore the role of sperm-associated antigen 5 (SPAG5) in glioma.

Methods: The association between SPAG5 expression and clinical features was investigated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets.

Valproic Acid After Neurosurgery Induces Elevated Risk of Liver Injury: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) has been widely used to prevent epileptic seizures after neurosurgery in China. We have found that the incidence of liver injury (LI) in patients using VPA after neurosurgery is higher than that in other patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors of LI in patients using VPA after neurosurgery.

MicroRNA-29b inhibits human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via targeting the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway.

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are bulges of blood vessels in the cerebral area. The development and progression of IAs are associated with the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during phenotypic modulation under environmental cues. MicroRNA-29b (miR-29b) has been studied extensively and demonstrated to reduce cell proliferation in various diseases by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of a variety of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), thereby inhibiting their translation.