Publications by authors named "Hongmin Lu"

Acetochlor, a commonly used herbicide, poses significant risks to ecosystem and organism health through contamination of the food chain. Despite its widespread use, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on its toxicological effects on avian species. This study investigates the impact of environmental acetochlor exposure on chicken liver health using metabolomics analysis and histopathological techniques.

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Acetochlor is a widely used and highly effective herbicide. Its overuse poses significant threats to biosecurity and ecological integrity, particularly affecting free-ranging birds. Data on its impact, especially mechanisms of liver toxicity in chickens, are lacking.

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Environmental pollution caused by arsenic or its compounds is called arsenic pollution. Arsenic pollution mainly comes from people mining and smelting arsenic compounds. In addition, arsenic compounds' widespread use and production of arsenic-containing pesticides, arsenic-rich water used to irrigate farms, or high arsenic levels in foods caused by coal burning are all sources of arsenic contamination.

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Treatment options are limited for tumors after failure of standard therapies. Utidelone (UTD1), a novel microtubule stabilizer, given via 5 days intermittent infusion, has demonstrated high activity in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer, while its efficacy in other cancers was unclear. Peripheral neuropathy is a common and severe adverse event (AE) of UTD1.

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  • - Excessive copper intake can lead to inflammation in the brain, damaging neurons and glial cells, which disrupts normal brain function.
  • - Omega-3 (ω-3), especially DHA, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties and was tested on copper-exposed chickens to see if it could protect the brain.
  • - The study found that ω-3 reduced brain damage from copper by stabilizing inflammatory pathways, specifically downregulating IL-1β and related signaling cascades, highlighting its potential as a neuroprotective agent.
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  • Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are significant issues for cancer patients undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
  • Pancreas-specific irAEs are uncommon but can present with various symptoms including elevated pancreatic enzymes, pancreatitis, and diabetes.
  • A study found 22 cases of pancreas-specific irAEs in 21 lung cancer patients, with injuries affecting 13 patients, pancreatitis occurring in 4, and diabetes developing in 5.
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Microplastics biological toxicity, environmental persistence and biological chemicals have been paid widespread attention. Microplastics exposed to chicken spleen injury of the specific mechanism is unclear. Thus, we randomly assigned chickens to 4 groups: C (normal diet), L-MPs (1 mg/L), M-MPs (10 mg/L), and H-MPs (100 mg/L), and assessed spleen damage after 42 d of exposure.

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Excessive acetochlor residues present ecological and food safety challenges. Here, broiler chicks were exposed to varied acetochlor doses to first assess its effects on the gut. Subsequent dietary supplementation with omega-3 was used to assess its anti-contamination effects.

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Microplastics (MPs) have attracted growing attention worldwide as an increasingly prevalent environmental pollutant. In addition, chicken meat is currently the most widely consumed kind of poultry in the global market. Consumer demand for chicken is on the rise both at home and abroad.

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Microplastics (MPs) have attracted widespread worldwide attention as a new pollutant. However, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell cycle in nephrotoxicity induced by different concentrations of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) is unknown. This study used grass carp kidney cells (CIK) treated with different concentrations of PS-MPs (0, 0.

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  • Fluorosis, caused by fluoride exposure, is a major health risk for both humans and animals, particularly affecting heart health and necessitating further research into its mechanisms.
  • A study on chickens revealed that increasing sodium fluoride doses (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg) led to significant heart damage, including congested tissue and disrupted myofiber structures.
  • The research found that sodium fluoride activated stress response and inflammatory pathways, causing both apoptosis and necroptosis, which contributed to cardiac injury, highlighting the importance of understanding fluoride's cardiotoxic effects.
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  • The study investigates the effects of the simultaneous exposure of grass carp to the pesticide cypermethrin and the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole over six weeks, revealing significant risks to fish health.
  • The results indicated that this exposure compromised intestinal barrier function, increased inflammation, and created oxidative stress, with greater toxicity observed in the group receiving both substances.
  • Findings suggest that monitoring the gut-liver axis and specific transporters may be critical for assessing ecological risks from these contaminants in aquatic environments.
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Endemic fluorosis (EF) has been listed as one of the serious public health problems in many countries. Long-term exposure to high fluoride can lead to severe neuropathological damage to the brain. Although long-term research has revealed the mechanism of some brain inflammation caused by excessive fluoride, the role of intercellular interactions, especially immune cells, in brain damage is still unclear.

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Microplastics (MPs) are a hot environmental contaminant now. However, researchers paid little attention to their effects on immune organs such as the thymus. Here, we exposed chickens to a concentration gradient of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and then followed the decrease in the thymus index.

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Microplastics (MPs), a new and increasing environmental pollutant, can cause ongoing damage to organisms. Although recent studies have revealed mechanisms of action for some of the hepatotoxicity caused by MPs, the role-played by cellular interactions, particularly immune cells, in the process of liver injury has not been elucidated. In the present study, 5-μm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) induced liver inflammation as well as the formation of Macrophage extracellular traps (METs).

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  • * The study identifies ferroptosis—a form of cell death—as a key mechanism linked to liver injury due to fluoride, highlighting increases in lipid peroxidation and iron overload.
  • * Researchers found that the SIRT1/FOXOs pathway plays a significant role in this process, leading to changes that trigger ferroptosis, suggesting potential strategies for treating liver damage from fluoride exposure.
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Introduction: Microplastic pollution seriously threatens the health and safety of humans and wildlife. Avian is one of the main species endangered by microplastics. However, the damage mechanism of microplastics to the digestive system of avian is not clear.

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Microplastics (MPs) seriously pollute and potentially threaten human health. Birds are sentinels of environmental pollutants, which respond quickly to contamination events and reveal current environmental exposure. Therefore, birds are good bioindicators for monitoring environmental pollutants.

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  • Microplastics (MPs) can't dissolve in liquids and can cause physical damage to brain tissue, leading to concerns about their impact on neurological health.
  • Analysis revealed that cerebral ischemia is a significant way MPs harm brain tissue, with inflammation playing a crucial role.
  • The study found that exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) in chickens led to brain issues like hemorrhage and cell loss, while also triggering inflammatory responses and disrupting mitochondrial function.
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Microplastics (MPs) are a novel environment pollutant widespread among the natural environment, also causing damage to aquatic animals and mammals. However, their effects on the kidney of poultry are still unclear. In this study, chickens were exposure to the different doses of PS-MPs (1, 10, 100 mg/L) for six weeks, with 1 mg/L being the environmental concentration.

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  • Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants with potential harmful effects on wildlife, particularly birds, due to their position in the food chain and risk of bioaccumulation.
  • A study exposing chickens to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) revealed that MPs cause significant testicular damage characterized by inflammation, hemorrhage, and disruption of the blood-testis barrier.
  • The exposure to PS-MPs triggered oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, leading to increased apoptosis in testicular cells, which ultimately contributes to reproductive toxicity in birds.
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  • * An in vivo study was conducted on chicks exposed to polystyrene microplastics, revealing severe structural and molecular changes in their heart tissue, including irregular myocardial arrangement and down-regulation of key developmental genes.
  • * The findings suggest that exposure to PS-MPs leads to cardiac dysplasia in birds through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy disruptions, highlighting the need for research on MP pollution’s effects on avian health and ecosystem health.
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Microplastics (MPs) pollution is getting increasingly prominent, and its dangers have attracted widespread attention. The heart is the central hub of the organism's survival, and the mechanism of MPs-induced heart injury in chickens is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of 5 μm polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the heart and primary cardiomyocytes of chickens at varied concentrations.

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Freshwater environmental antibiotic pollution is becoming more severe because of the irregular use of sulfonamide antibiotics. Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) is a kind of antibiotic that can cause harm to the urinary systems of organisms. However, the toxic impacts of environment-related concentrations of antibiotics in fish have not been thoroughly studied.

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  • Current cancer therapies using antibodies have limited effectiveness and lack tumor-specific properties, prompting a search for better alternatives.
  • A new study focuses on the monoclonal antibody (mAb) KAO3, which targets the PL2L60 protein, found widely in various cancer types, aiming to determine its potential for broad-spectrum cancer treatment.
  • Results show that mAb KAO3 not only reduces tumor growth and increases survival in mice with different cancers but also works by targeting PL2L60 on tumor cells, suggesting it could be a promising universal therapy for multiple cancer types.
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