Distal aortic arch dysplasia accompanied by multiple aneurysms in adult: A case report and review of the literature.

Because of the high blood flow and high pressure, the aortic arch, which sends out 3 branches including the innominate artery that separates the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery, is an important blood vessel supplying the brain and spinal cord, so the risk of aneurysms in this area is very high. The main risk is that the rupture can cause massive bleeding; the secondary is that some aortic arch lesions can cause insufficient blood supply to the brain or spinal cord. If early diagnosis can be detected, it could be treated completely with minimally invasive or open surgery.

Superior vena cava Doppler flow changes in rabbits with acute thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the superior vena cava (SVC) Doppler flow changes in rabbits with acute thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (ATEPAH) and its value in evaluating pulmonary pressure.

Methods: The systolic peak flow velocity (SPV), ventricular reverse peak flow velocity (VrPV), diastolic peak flow velocity (DPV), and atrial reverse peak flow velocity (ArPV) of the SVC were measured on end expiration with pulsed wave Doppler echocardiography in 30 rabbits with different degrees of ATEPAH. Linear regression and the Bland-Altman method were used to analyze the correlation of Doppler flow velocities of the SVC to the catheter-measured pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP).

A rabbit model with acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension created with echocardiography guidance.

A rabbit model of acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension was developed by infusing self-thrombi into the right femoral vein and simultaneously measuring the pulmonary artery pressure via a right heart catheter and echocardiography. The model was used to explore the usefulness of an ultrasound-guided protocol. In the present study, acute thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension was produced in 25 of 30 healthy New Zealand rabbits; the success rate was 83%.